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1 vergessen [1]
1. vergessen, obiivisci alcis rei od. alqd (im allg., auch = etw. mitzunehmen unterlassen, z.B. velut aliquid oblitus: u. = aus den Augen setzen, reverentiae, quae parentibus debetur, oblivisci; u. = nicht davon reden, z.B. ut alia obliviscar, als Parenthese = anderes zu vergessen). – in oblivionem alcis rei venire (bei sich in Vergessenheit kommen lassen, z.B. eius negotii). – oblivioni dare. memoriam alcis rei abicere od. deponere. alqd ex memoria deponere (etwas absichtlich der Vergessenheit übergeben). – neglegentiā praeterire (aus Nachlässigkeit übergehen, nicht erwähnen). – ich habe etwas vergessen, oblivio alcis rei me cepit; alqd ex animo effluxit oder e memoria excessit: ich vergesse jmd. niemals, numquam ex animo meo discedit alcis memoria: v. werden, de memoria od. ex animo excĭdere; ex animo effluere; e [2481] memoria excedere: er vergaß leicht Beleidigungen, offensarum immemor fuit: vergeßt nicht, daß ich etc., mementote mit folg. Akk. u. Infin. – etw. vergessen machen, alqd od. memoriam alcis rei oblitterare. – ganz vergessen sein, iacēre in oblivione (v. Pers.); perpetuā oblivione obrutum esse (v. Lebl.): eine beinahe schon vergessene Sache, res prope iam oblitterata. – sich vergessen, sui oblivisci (nicht an sich, an seine Gewohnheit, an seine Zeit etc. denken). – dignitatis suae immemorem esse (seiner Würde uneingedenk sein). – aliquid peccare (sich ein Versehen zuschulden kommen lassen).
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2 pecco
pecco, āvi, ātum, 1, v. n. and a. [often referred to Sanscr. pāpa, pāpaka, wicked; but better to root pik-, to be angry; cf.: piget, pigeo, and Fick, Vergl. Wört. 632], to miss or mistake any thing; to do amiss, to transgress, to commit a fault, to offend, sin:B.peccare est tamquam transilire lineas,
Cic. Par. 3, 1, 20:alius magis alio vel peccat vel recte facit,
id. Fin. 3, 14, 48; id. Or. 47, 157:peccare largiter,
to make a great mistake, Plaut. Most. 2, 2, 8; id. Ep. 3, 4, 53.—With acc.:si unam peccavisses syllabam,
Plaut. Bacch. 3, 3, 29: aliquid, to offend in any respect:plura in aliquā re,
Ter. Ad. 1, 2, 44:Empedocles multa alia peccat,
Cic. N. D. 1, 12, 29:eadem fere,
id. ib. 1, 12, 31:talia peccandi jam mihi finis erit,
Ov. P. 3, 7, 10.—With in and acc.:si quid in te peccavi... in me ipsum peccavi vehementius,
Cic. Att. 3, 15, 4:in rem publicam,
id. ib. 7, 1, 3 (al. in re publicā).—With erga aliquem, Plaut. Aul. 4, 10, 62.— In aliquo or in aliquā re:quod in eo (Valerio) peccandi Germanis causa non esset,
Caes. B. G. 1, 47:in servo necando semel peccatur,
Cic. Par. 3, 2, 25:in hoc eodem peccat Hieronymus,
id. Fin. 2, 10, 32:non modo in vitā sed saepissime et in poëmatis et in oratione peccatur,
id. Or. 21, 70.—With abl. alone:et pecuniā et mollibus consultis,
Tac. A. 1, 40:libidine,
Juv. 6, 135.—With dat. of person (late Lat.):Domino,
Vulg. Deut. 1, 41; id. 2 Reg. 12, 13.— De aliquă re, Caecil. ap. Gell. 2, 23, 13.—In partic., of sexual sin:II.quid inter-Est in matronā, ancillā, peccesve togatā?
Hor. S. 1, 2, 63; Ov. H. 16, 295; Mart. 1, 35, 2.—Transf., of animals and inanim. things, to fail, miscarry:B.ne Peccet (equus) ad extremum ridendus,
Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 9:unus de toto peccaverat orbe comarum Anulus,
Mart. 2, 66, 1:si senseris vina peccatura,
Pall. 11, 14.—Hence, peccans, antis, P. a., sinful, full of sin:unus dies bene actus peccanti immortalitati anteponendus,
Cic. Tusc. 5, 2, 5.— Comp.:peccantius,
more faulty, worse, Cael. Aur. Acut. 3, 8, 88.—As subst.: peccans, antis, comm., an offender, sinner: non prodest latere peccantibus. Sen. Ep. 97, 13:peccantium poena,
id. ib. 97, 14:ad officium peccantes redire cogeret,
Nep. Ages. 5, 3.— Adv.: peccanter, wrongly, incorrectly, falsely, Cael. Aur. Acut. 2, 9, 40:definire aliquid,
id. ib. 3, 1, 5. -
3 admitto
admitto, ĕre, mīsi, missum - tr. - [st1]1 [-] faire avancer, lancer. - admittere equum in aliquem, Caes. Liv.: pousser son cheval contre qqn. - equo admisso: [le cheval lâché] = à bride abattue, à toute bride. - se admiserat unda, Ov.: l'onde s'était élancée. - quod semel admissum coerceri non potest, Cic.: science dont on ne peut arrêter l'essor. [st1]2 [-] faire entrer, laisser entrer, donner accès, admettre. - admittit arcus aquam, Tib.: l'arc-en-ciel aspire l'eau. - admittere aliquem per fenestram, Petr.: introduire qqn par la fenêtre. - admittere ad colloquium, Caes.: admettre à une entrevue. - admittere in cubiculum, Cic. Phil. 8.10: admettre dans sa chambre. - lucem in thalamos admittere, Ov. A. A. 3, 807: laisser entrer la lumière dans la chambre à coucher. - domum ad se filium admittere, Nep. Tim. 1: admettre son fils chez soi en sa présence. - admittere aliquid in cibos (ad cibos), Plin.: employer une substance comme aliment. - admittere aliquem ad officium, Nep.: admettre qqn à une charge [st1]3 [-] accoupler, donner à saillir. - admittere asinum in equam, Dig.: faire saillir une jument par un âne. - admittere equam asino, Varr.: faire saillir une jument par un âne. - taurum admittere: accoupler le taureau. [st1]4 [-] enter, greffer. - surculum admittere, Plin.: enter, greffer. [st1]5 [-] laisser passer (une chose), permettre, tolérer; approuver, être favorable (t. d'augure). - aliquid admittere auribus (ad aures), Liv.: prêter l'oreille à une proposition. - admittere preces, Petr.: exaucer les prières. - admittere jocos, Mart.: entendre la plaisanterie. - admittere religiones, Cic.: introduire des cérémonies. - non admittere litem, Cic.: refuser de prononcer une peine. - smaragdi admittentes visum, Plaut.: émeraudes transparentes. - aves admittunt, Liv. 1, 36, 6: [les oiseaux l'admettent] = les oiseaux (les auspices) sont favorables. [st1]6 [-] commettre (une faute). - admittere in se culpam: [laisser arriver à soi une faute] = se permettre une faute, commettre une faute. - admittere scelus: commettre un crime, commettre une mauvaise action.* * *admitto, ĕre, mīsi, missum - tr. - [st1]1 [-] faire avancer, lancer. - admittere equum in aliquem, Caes. Liv.: pousser son cheval contre qqn. - equo admisso: [le cheval lâché] = à bride abattue, à toute bride. - se admiserat unda, Ov.: l'onde s'était élancée. - quod semel admissum coerceri non potest, Cic.: science dont on ne peut arrêter l'essor. [st1]2 [-] faire entrer, laisser entrer, donner accès, admettre. - admittit arcus aquam, Tib.: l'arc-en-ciel aspire l'eau. - admittere aliquem per fenestram, Petr.: introduire qqn par la fenêtre. - admittere ad colloquium, Caes.: admettre à une entrevue. - admittere in cubiculum, Cic. Phil. 8.10: admettre dans sa chambre. - lucem in thalamos admittere, Ov. A. A. 3, 807: laisser entrer la lumière dans la chambre à coucher. - domum ad se filium admittere, Nep. Tim. 1: admettre son fils chez soi en sa présence. - admittere aliquid in cibos (ad cibos), Plin.: employer une substance comme aliment. - admittere aliquem ad officium, Nep.: admettre qqn à une charge [st1]3 [-] accoupler, donner à saillir. - admittere asinum in equam, Dig.: faire saillir une jument par un âne. - admittere equam asino, Varr.: faire saillir une jument par un âne. - taurum admittere: accoupler le taureau. [st1]4 [-] enter, greffer. - surculum admittere, Plin.: enter, greffer. [st1]5 [-] laisser passer (une chose), permettre, tolérer; approuver, être favorable (t. d'augure). - aliquid admittere auribus (ad aures), Liv.: prêter l'oreille à une proposition. - admittere preces, Petr.: exaucer les prières. - admittere jocos, Mart.: entendre la plaisanterie. - admittere religiones, Cic.: introduire des cérémonies. - non admittere litem, Cic.: refuser de prononcer une peine. - smaragdi admittentes visum, Plaut.: émeraudes transparentes. - aves admittunt, Liv. 1, 36, 6: [les oiseaux l'admettent] = les oiseaux (les auspices) sont favorables. [st1]6 [-] commettre (une faute). - admittere in se culpam: [laisser arriver à soi une faute] = se permettre une faute, commettre une faute. - admittere scelus: commettre un crime, commettre une mauvaise action.* * *Admitto, admittis, admisi, pen. prod. admissum, admittere, Admettre, Donner entree, Faire, ou laisser entrer, Introduire, Recevoir.\Admitti ad aliquem. Terent. Avoir entree chez quelcun.\Admittere partum ad vbera. Plin. Le laisser tetter, le recevoir à tetter.\Admittere in cubiculum. Cic. Laisser entrer, ou donner entree en sa chambre.\Admitti in animum iudicis. Quint. Estre en la grace du juge.\Non admisi tum in animum. Je n'y pensay point à l'heure. B.\Admittere aliquem ad suas capsas. Cic. Luy laisser mettre les mains à ses coffres et papiers, les luy laisser manier.\Admittere aliquem arcanis. Senec. Le recevoir à son secret.\Admittere auribus. Liu. Escouter patiemment.\Reus ad causam dicendam admissus. Cic. Receu à ses defenses.\Admitti ad colloquium. Caesar. Estre receu à parlementer.\Admitti ad, vel in consilium. Cic. Estre receu au conseil.\Admittere. Terent. Permettre, Souffrir, Endurer.\Admittunt rite aues. Liuius. L'approuvent, ou Permettent.\Ad cibos non admittitur apium. Plin. Elle n'est pas bonne à manger.\Admittere curationem. Celsus. Recevoir cure, ou guarison, Estre curable.\Diem. Plin. iunior. Ouvrir les fenestres pour faire entrer le jour.\Equum. Cic. Bailler la course à un cheval, Donner carriere.\Admittebantur excusationes multae. Ascon. Estoyent receues.\Fidem admittere. Claudian. Croire.\Frigus. Celsus. Laisser entrer la froidure.\Iocos. Martialis. Prendre en jeu.\Medicinam. Celsus. Estre curable.\Preces. Senec. Recevoir prieres, faire quelque chose pour les prieres d'autruy.\Solatia. Plin. iunior. Recevoir soulas.\Solem. Plin. Faire entree aux rais du soleil, les laisser entrer.\Sumptum. Terent. Faire grande despense.\Viam. Claudian. Laisser passer, Souffrir chemin.\Admittere. Plin. iunior. Laisser ou permettre advenir.\Admittere, Peccare. Plaut. Offenser, Commettre quelque cas.\In se aliquid admittere. Plautus. Cic. Commettre quelque cas.\Culpam admittere. Liuius. Faire une faulte ou offense.\Facinus, flagitium. Cic. Commettre un gros cas.\Noxiam. Terent. Faillir, Faire une faulte.\Noxiam alicui. Plaut. Pardonner une faulte.\Admittere, Est marem foeminae, aut mari foeminam admouere ad initum. Colum. Plin. Bailler le masle.\Admittere venuste ad insitionem transtulit. Plin. Enter. -
4 genus
- Lebaigue P. 542 et P. 543. [st1]1 [-] gĕnŭs, ĕris, n. [geno]: - [gr]gr. γένος. a - origine, extraction, naissance. - genus patricium, plebeium, Liv. 6, 34, 11 ; 4, 9, 4: origine patricienne, plébéienne. - genere et nobilitate et pecunia facile primus, Cic. Amer. 15: le premier aisément par sa naissance, sa noblesse, sa fortune. - genus paternum, Cic. Rep. 1, 30: souche paternelle. - genus ducere ab aliquo, Plin. Ep. 9, 22, 1: tirer son origine de qqn, descendre de qqn. - propter divitias aut genus rempublicam tenere, Cic. Rep. 3, 23: tenir le gouvernement par ses richesses ou sa naissance. - [en parl. des animaux] Ov. F. 6, 132. b - race, espèce de peuple, nation. - genus Romanum, Cic. Phil. 4, 13, etc.: la race romaine, le Romain. --- cf. Caes. BG. 4, 3, 3; 7, 22, 1; 7, 42, 2. - genus Graecorum, Cic. Fl. 9: la race grecque, le Grec. --- cf. Liv. 27, 32, 4 ; 31, 35, 1, etc. c - famille, maison. - nobili genere natus, Cic. Verr. 5, 180: né de famille noble. - natus malo genere, Cic. de Or. 2, 286: né de méchante famille [basse]. - genus ejusdem nominis, Cic. Br. 62: famille de même nom. - genera falsa, Cic. Br. 62: fausses généalogies. d - [poét.] rejeton, descendant. - Virg. En. 4, 12; Hor. O. 1, 3, 27 ; Catul. 61, 2 ; Ov. M. 4, 609, etc. e - race, espèce, genre. - genus humanum, Cic. Lael. 20: le genre humain. - genus omne animantum, Lucr. 1, 4, ou omne genus, Lucr. 1, 160: toute espèce vivante. - bestiarum genus, Cic. Inv. 1, 35: le genre animal. g - espèce d'hommes ou d'animaux, genre, classe, catégorie. - unum genus est adversum nobis eorum, quos... Cic. Mil. 3: nous avons une seule catégorie d'adversaires, ce sont ceux que... - omnis generis homines, Cic. Dom. 75: des hommes de tout genre. --- cf. Liv. 21, 12, 8, etc. - cujusque generis beluae, Cic. Rep. 3, 14: des bêtes de tout genre. --- cf. Caes. BG. 5, 12, 5; BC. 1, 51, 2. - genus aliud tyrannorum, Cic. Rep. 1, 68: une autre espèce de tyrans. - militare genus, Liv. 24, 32, 2: les soldats, l'armée. - genus squamigerum, Lucr. 1, 162: l'espèce (la gent) porte-écaille. - genus irritabile vatum, Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 102: la gent susceptible des poètes. - aves omne genus, Varr. R. 3, 5, 11: des oiseaux de tout genre. - conventus is, qui ex variis generibus constaret, Caes. BC. 2, 36, 1: une colonie romaine caractérisée par une variété d'éléments constitutifs. h - genre féminin, masculin. - hominum genus virile, muliebre, Cic. Inv. 1, 35. - in nominibus tria genera, Quint. 1, 4, 23: il y a trois genres pour les noms. --- Quint. 1, 5, 16, etc. ii - [noms de choses] genre, espèce. - cum omni genere commeatus, Liv. 30, 36, 2: avec toute espèce d'approvisionnements. - multitudo omnis generis telorum, Caes. BG. 7, 41, 3: une foule de traits de tout genre. - tormenta cujusque generis, Caes. BC. 3, 63, 6: machines de guerre de toute espèce. - machinae omnium generum, Sall. J. 21, 3: des machines de toute espèce. - avec acc. adverbial omne genus simulacra, Lucr. 4, 735: des simulacres de toute sorte. --- cf. Cato, Agr. 8, 2 ; Varr. R. 1, 29, 1. - hoc genus in rebus, Lucr. 6, 917: dans des phénomènes de ce genre. --- cf. Varr. R. 2, 1, 23. - orationes aut aliquid id genus scribere, Cic. Att. 13, 12, 3: écrire des discours ou qqch de ce genre. - proemisso equitatu et essedariis, quo genere uti consuerunt, Caes. BG. 4, 24, 1: ayant envoyé en avant la cavalerie et les essédaires, espèce de choses (de troupes) dont ils se servent à l'ordinaire. - in hoc genere, Cic. Off. 1, 26: dans ce genre de choses, en ces sortes de choses. --- cf. Verr. 4, 97 ; 4, 129. - de hoc genere, Cic. Off. 2, 60: au sujet de cette question. - [à noter] amicitia est ex eo genere, quae prosunt, Cic. Fin. 3, 70: l'amitié est du genre des choses qui sont utiles. k - [noms abstraits] genre, sorte, espèce. - simplex rei publicae genus, Cic. Rep. 2, 43: forme de gouvernement simple. - conjunctum civitatis genus, Cic. Rep. 3, 23: forme de gouvernement mixte. - hoc triplex rerum publicarum genus, Cic. Rep. 2, 42: ce mélange des trois formes de gouvernement. - istud ipsum genus orationis exspecto, Cic. Rep. 1, 38: c'est précisément le genre d'exposé dont tu parles que j'attends de toi. - genera furandi, Cic. Verr. 2, 18: espèces de vol. - genus orationis, genus dicendi, Cic. Or. 42 ; 20, etc.: genre de style. - quod genus ab hoc, quod proposuimus, abhorret, Cic. Br. 31: or cet ordre d'idées, ce sujet s'éloigne de celui que nous nous sommes proposé. - haec et alia generis ejusdem, Cic. Nat. 3, 62: ces fables et d'autres du même genre. - tota ratio talium largitionum genere vitiosa est, Cic. Off. 2, 60: ce système de largesses est en soi (dans son genre) totalement mauvais. - quae genere, non numero cernuntur, Cic. Tusc. 5, 22: choses qui se jugent par la qualité, non par la quantité. - [acc. adv.] aliquid id genus, Cic. Att. 13, 12, 3: qqch de ce genre. - quod genus pecunia est, Cic. Inv. 2, 157: et l'argent est de ce genre. - [d'où] quod genus = quo modo: par exemple, ainsi. --- cf. Cic. Inv. 2, 165 ; 2, 172, etc.; Lucr. 3, 276; 6, 1058. - aliqua nota et communia officia, quod genus in parentes, amicos, affines, Cic. Inv. 2, 11: des traits de caractère et des bons offices fréquents, par exemple envers les parents, les amis, les alliés. m - [t. de droit] espèce, cas particulier, ordre de faits. - genus ipsum cognoscite, Cic. Verr. 4, 1: prenez connaissance de la nature même des faits (de l'espèce même du débat). --- cf. Verr. 4. 8 ; 115. - [d'où] in isto genere, Cic. Fam 3. 7, 4: en pareil cas. - in omni genere, Cic. Rep. 2, 35: dans tous les ordres de faits, en tout, sous tous les rapports. --- cf. Cic. Att. 16, 5, 2 ; 12, 33, 2, etc. n - [philos.] le genre. - pars subjecta generi, Cic. de Or. 2, 167: l'espèce. --- cf. Cic. Inv. 1, 32 ; Top. 31, etc. - genus et species cujusque rei, Cic. Or. 16: le genre et l'espèce de chaque chose. [st1]2 [-] gĕnŭs, ūs, m.: c. genu.* * *- Lebaigue P. 542 et P. 543. [st1]1 [-] gĕnŭs, ĕris, n. [geno]: - [gr]gr. γένος. a - origine, extraction, naissance. - genus patricium, plebeium, Liv. 6, 34, 11 ; 4, 9, 4: origine patricienne, plébéienne. - genere et nobilitate et pecunia facile primus, Cic. Amer. 15: le premier aisément par sa naissance, sa noblesse, sa fortune. - genus paternum, Cic. Rep. 1, 30: souche paternelle. - genus ducere ab aliquo, Plin. Ep. 9, 22, 1: tirer son origine de qqn, descendre de qqn. - propter divitias aut genus rempublicam tenere, Cic. Rep. 3, 23: tenir le gouvernement par ses richesses ou sa naissance. - [en parl. des animaux] Ov. F. 6, 132. b - race, espèce de peuple, nation. - genus Romanum, Cic. Phil. 4, 13, etc.: la race romaine, le Romain. --- cf. Caes. BG. 4, 3, 3; 7, 22, 1; 7, 42, 2. - genus Graecorum, Cic. Fl. 9: la race grecque, le Grec. --- cf. Liv. 27, 32, 4 ; 31, 35, 1, etc. c - famille, maison. - nobili genere natus, Cic. Verr. 5, 180: né de famille noble. - natus malo genere, Cic. de Or. 2, 286: né de méchante famille [basse]. - genus ejusdem nominis, Cic. Br. 62: famille de même nom. - genera falsa, Cic. Br. 62: fausses généalogies. d - [poét.] rejeton, descendant. - Virg. En. 4, 12; Hor. O. 1, 3, 27 ; Catul. 61, 2 ; Ov. M. 4, 609, etc. e - race, espèce, genre. - genus humanum, Cic. Lael. 20: le genre humain. - genus omne animantum, Lucr. 1, 4, ou omne genus, Lucr. 1, 160: toute espèce vivante. - bestiarum genus, Cic. Inv. 1, 35: le genre animal. g - espèce d'hommes ou d'animaux, genre, classe, catégorie. - unum genus est adversum nobis eorum, quos... Cic. Mil. 3: nous avons une seule catégorie d'adversaires, ce sont ceux que... - omnis generis homines, Cic. Dom. 75: des hommes de tout genre. --- cf. Liv. 21, 12, 8, etc. - cujusque generis beluae, Cic. Rep. 3, 14: des bêtes de tout genre. --- cf. Caes. BG. 5, 12, 5; BC. 1, 51, 2. - genus aliud tyrannorum, Cic. Rep. 1, 68: une autre espèce de tyrans. - militare genus, Liv. 24, 32, 2: les soldats, l'armée. - genus squamigerum, Lucr. 1, 162: l'espèce (la gent) porte-écaille. - genus irritabile vatum, Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 102: la gent susceptible des poètes. - aves omne genus, Varr. R. 3, 5, 11: des oiseaux de tout genre. - conventus is, qui ex variis generibus constaret, Caes. BC. 2, 36, 1: une colonie romaine caractérisée par une variété d'éléments constitutifs. h - genre féminin, masculin. - hominum genus virile, muliebre, Cic. Inv. 1, 35. - in nominibus tria genera, Quint. 1, 4, 23: il y a trois genres pour les noms. --- Quint. 1, 5, 16, etc. ii - [noms de choses] genre, espèce. - cum omni genere commeatus, Liv. 30, 36, 2: avec toute espèce d'approvisionnements. - multitudo omnis generis telorum, Caes. BG. 7, 41, 3: une foule de traits de tout genre. - tormenta cujusque generis, Caes. BC. 3, 63, 6: machines de guerre de toute espèce. - machinae omnium generum, Sall. J. 21, 3: des machines de toute espèce. - avec acc. adverbial omne genus simulacra, Lucr. 4, 735: des simulacres de toute sorte. --- cf. Cato, Agr. 8, 2 ; Varr. R. 1, 29, 1. - hoc genus in rebus, Lucr. 6, 917: dans des phénomènes de ce genre. --- cf. Varr. R. 2, 1, 23. - orationes aut aliquid id genus scribere, Cic. Att. 13, 12, 3: écrire des discours ou qqch de ce genre. - proemisso equitatu et essedariis, quo genere uti consuerunt, Caes. BG. 4, 24, 1: ayant envoyé en avant la cavalerie et les essédaires, espèce de choses (de troupes) dont ils se servent à l'ordinaire. - in hoc genere, Cic. Off. 1, 26: dans ce genre de choses, en ces sortes de choses. --- cf. Verr. 4, 97 ; 4, 129. - de hoc genere, Cic. Off. 2, 60: au sujet de cette question. - [à noter] amicitia est ex eo genere, quae prosunt, Cic. Fin. 3, 70: l'amitié est du genre des choses qui sont utiles. k - [noms abstraits] genre, sorte, espèce. - simplex rei publicae genus, Cic. Rep. 2, 43: forme de gouvernement simple. - conjunctum civitatis genus, Cic. Rep. 3, 23: forme de gouvernement mixte. - hoc triplex rerum publicarum genus, Cic. Rep. 2, 42: ce mélange des trois formes de gouvernement. - istud ipsum genus orationis exspecto, Cic. Rep. 1, 38: c'est précisément le genre d'exposé dont tu parles que j'attends de toi. - genera furandi, Cic. Verr. 2, 18: espèces de vol. - genus orationis, genus dicendi, Cic. Or. 42 ; 20, etc.: genre de style. - quod genus ab hoc, quod proposuimus, abhorret, Cic. Br. 31: or cet ordre d'idées, ce sujet s'éloigne de celui que nous nous sommes proposé. - haec et alia generis ejusdem, Cic. Nat. 3, 62: ces fables et d'autres du même genre. - tota ratio talium largitionum genere vitiosa est, Cic. Off. 2, 60: ce système de largesses est en soi (dans son genre) totalement mauvais. - quae genere, non numero cernuntur, Cic. Tusc. 5, 22: choses qui se jugent par la qualité, non par la quantité. - [acc. adv.] aliquid id genus, Cic. Att. 13, 12, 3: qqch de ce genre. - quod genus pecunia est, Cic. Inv. 2, 157: et l'argent est de ce genre. - [d'où] quod genus = quo modo: par exemple, ainsi. --- cf. Cic. Inv. 2, 165 ; 2, 172, etc.; Lucr. 3, 276; 6, 1058. - aliqua nota et communia officia, quod genus in parentes, amicos, affines, Cic. Inv. 2, 11: des traits de caractère et des bons offices fréquents, par exemple envers les parents, les amis, les alliés. m - [t. de droit] espèce, cas particulier, ordre de faits. - genus ipsum cognoscite, Cic. Verr. 4, 1: prenez connaissance de la nature même des faits (de l'espèce même du débat). --- cf. Verr. 4. 8 ; 115. - [d'où] in isto genere, Cic. Fam 3. 7, 4: en pareil cas. - in omni genere, Cic. Rep. 2, 35: dans tous les ordres de faits, en tout, sous tous les rapports. --- cf. Cic. Att. 16, 5, 2 ; 12, 33, 2, etc. n - [philos.] le genre. - pars subjecta generi, Cic. de Or. 2, 167: l'espèce. --- cf. Cic. Inv. 1, 32 ; Top. 31, etc. - genus et species cujusque rei, Cic. Or. 16: le genre et l'espèce de chaque chose. [st1]2 [-] gĕnŭs, ūs, m.: c. genu.* * *Genus, generis, pen. corr. n. g. L'estoc et la source d'une lignee, où toute la lignee rapporte son commencement: C'est aussi Race, Lignee, Parenté, Engence.\Antiquum genus. Virgil. Ancienne race.\Humilius. Quintil. Race de bas estat et condition.\Ducere genus ab aliquo. Virg. Descendre de la lignee d'aucun.\Genere indignum facere. Plaut. Faire deshonneur à la race dont on est venu.\Genere paterno ab Hercule oriundus. Plin. iunior. Du costé de son pere.\Genere summo prognatus. Plaut. De grand lignage.\Genere sum ei proximus. Terent. Il n'ha point de plus prochain parent que moy.\Animale genus. Lucret. La multitude des animaux, des choses ayants ame.\Genus humanum. Cic. Le genre humain.\Dum hominum genus erit. Cic. Tant que le monde sera, que les hommes seront, que l'engence des hommes durera.\Est genus hominum, qui esse primos se omnium rerum volunt. Terent. Il y a une maniere de gens qui, etc.\Generis grati est. Plaut. Il est de gens et parenté qui recongnoissent le plaisir qu'on leur a faict, ou Il est de ceulx qui ne sont point ingrats.\Constantes eligendi amici: cuius generis magna penuria est. Cic. De la quelle sorte, etc.\Varia genera bestiarum. Cic. Diverses sortes, manieres, especes, genres.\Natantum genus. Virgil. Poissons.\Aligerum genus. Senec. Oiseaux.\AEquoreum genus. Virgil. Les poissons de mer.\Excutiendum omne scriptorum genus. Quintil. Toutes les sortes.\Emas quatuor marmoreas columnas, cuius tibi videbitur generis. Plin. iunior. De telle sorte qu'il te semblera bon.\Nisi esset generis eius, vt saepe incipere, saepe desinere videatur. Plin. iunior. De telle sorte.\In genere aliquo peccare. Cic. En quelque sorte et facon, ou maniere.\Genere nouo literarum vti. Cic. De nouvelle facon.\In omni genere furandi atque praedandi versatus est. Cic. Il a practiqué toute maniere de larrecin.\Alia eiusdem generis. Cic. Autres semblables.\Vno genere capere pisces. Plin. En une sorte seulement.\AEtatis degendae genus sibi constituere. Cic. Une maniere de vivre. -
5 bonae
bŏnus (old form dŭonus, Carm. Sall. ap. Varr. L. L. 7, § 26 Mull.; cf. Paul. ex Fest. p. 67 Mull.), a, um, adj. [for duonus, cf. bellum, bis, and cf. root dvi-; hence deidô, deos], good; comp. melior, us [cf. Gr. mala, mallon], better; sup. optimus ( optumus, ante-class. and often class.) [root opof ops, opes; cf. copia, apiscor], best.I.Attributively.A.As adjunct of nouns denoting persons.1.Vir bonus.(α).A man morally good (kalos kagathos):(β).quoniam boni me viri pauperant, improbi alunt,
Plaut. Poen. 5, 4, 60:omnibus virtutibus instructos et ornatos tum sapientes, tum viros bonos dicimus,
Cic. Tusc. 5, 10, 28:ille vir bonus qui... intolerabili dolore lacerari potius quam aut officium prodat aut fidem,
id. Ac. 2, 8, 23:sive vir bonus est is qui prodest quibus potest, nocet nemini, certe istum virum bonum non facile reperimus,
id. Off. 3, 15, 64:qui se ita gerunt ut eorum probitas, fides, integritas, etc.... hos viros bonos... appellandos putemus,
id. Lael. 5, 19:non intellegunt se de callido homine loqui, non de bono viro,
id. Att. 7, 2, 4:ut quisque est vir optimus, ita difficillime esse alios improbos suspicatur,
id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 4, § 12:nec enim melior vir fuit Africano quisquam, nec clarior,
id. Lael. 2, 6; id. Leg. 1, 14, 41; 1, 18, 48; id. Planc. 4, 9; id. Par. 3, 1, 21; id. Marcell. 6, 20; id. Fam. 7, 21; id. Off. 2, 16, 57.—An honest man:(γ).justitia, ex qua viri boni nominantur,
Cic. Off. 1, 7, 21; 1, 44, 155; 2, 11, 39; 2, 12, 42; 2, 20, 71;3, 12, 50: cum is sponsionem fecisset ni vir bonus esset,
id. ib. 3, 19, 77:quoniam Demosthenes nec vir bonus esset, nec bene meritus de civitate,
id. Opt. Gen. 7, 20; cf. id. Rosc. Am. 40, 116.—A man of good standing in the community:(δ).id viri boni arbitratu deducetur,
Cato, R. R. 143; so id. ib. 149:tuam partem viri bono arbitratu... dari oportet,
Dig. 17, 1, [p. 244] 35;37, 6, 2, § 2: quem voles virum bonum nominato,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 25, § 55:vir bonus est... quo res sponsore, et quo causae teste tenentur,
Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 40.—Hence, ironically of wealthy men:praetores jus dicunt, aediles ludos parant, viri boni usuras perscribunt,
Cic. Att. 9, 12, 3.—Ironically of bad men:(ε).sed eccum lenonem Lycum, bonum virum,
Plaut. Poen. 5, 5, 52; Ter. Eun. 5, 3, 9; 4, 3, 18; id. Ad. 3, 4, 30:expectabam quinam isti viri boni testes hujus manifesto deprehensi veneni dicerentur,
Cic. Cael. 26, 63:nam socer ejus, vir multum bonus est,
id. Agr. 3, 3, 13;so especially in addresses (mostly comic.): age tu, illuc procede, bone vir!
Plaut. Capt. 5, 2, 1; id. Curc. 5, 2, 12; id. Ps. 4, 7, 48; id. Pers. 5, 2, 11; Ter. And. 3, 5, 10; 5, 2, 5; id. Ad. 4, 2, 17; id. Eun. 5, 2, 11:quid tu, vir optime? Ecquid habes quod dicas?
Cic. Rosc. Am. 36, 104.—Sometimes boni viri = boni, in the sense of optimates (v. I. A. 3.):(ζ).bonis viris quid juris reliquit tribunatus C. Gracchi?
Cic. Leg. 3, 9, 20.—As a conventional courtesy:2.homines optimi non intellegunt, etc.,
Cic. Fin. 1, 7, 25:bone accusator,
id. Rosc. Am. 21, 58:sic illum amicum vocasti, quomodo omnes candidatos bonos viros dicimus,
gentlemen, Sen. Ep. 3, 1.—For bonus vir, a good husband, v. 3.; and for vir optimus, as a laudatory epithet, v. 5.—Boni homines (rare) = boni, better classes of society, v. II. A. 3:3.in foro infimo boni homines atque dites ambulant,
Plaut. Curc. 4, 1, 14.—With nouns denoting persons in regard to their functions, offices, occupations, and qualities, denoting excellence:4.bonus consul,
Liv. 4, 40, 6; 22, 39, 2 (different: consules duos, bonos quidem, sed dumtaxat bonos, amisimus, consuls of good sentiments, almost = bad consuls, Cic. ad Brut. 1, 3, 4):boni tribuni plebis,
Cic. Phil. 1, 10, 25:bonus senator,
id. Prov. Cons. 15, 37:senator bonus,
id. Dom. 4, 8:bonus judex,
id. Verr. 2, 4, 15, § 34:bonus augur (ironically),
id. Phil. 2, 32, 80:bonus vates,
Plaut. Mil. 3, 3, 27:bonus imperator,
Sall. C. 60, 4:bonus dux,
Quint. 12, 1, 43 (cf. trop.:naturam, optimam ducem,
the best guide, Cic. Sen. 2, 5):bonus miles,
Sall. C. 60, 4; Sen. Vit. Beat. 15, 5:bonus orator,
Cic. Fin. 1, 3, 10:optimus orator,
id. Opt. Gen. 1, 3:poeta bonus,
id. de Or. 1, 3, 11; 2, 46, 194; id. Fin. 1, 3, 10:scriptor bonus,
Quint. 10, 1, 104:bonus advocatus,
id. 5, 13, 10:bonus defensor,
id. 5, 13, 3:bonus altercator,
a good debater, id. 6, 4, 10:bonus praeceptor,
id. 5, 13, 44; 10, 5, 22:bonus gubernator,
Cic. Ac. 2, 31, 100:optimus opifex,
Hor. S. 1, 3, 133:sutor bonus,
id. ib. 1, 3, 125:actor optimus,
Cic. Sest. 57, 122:cantor optimus est modulator,
Hor. S. 1, 3, 130:melior gladiator,
Ov. Tr. 4, 6, 33: agricola (colonus, dominus) bonus, Cato, R. R. prooem.; Cic. Sen. 16, 56:bonus paterfamilias,
a thrifty head of the house, Nep. Att. 13, 1:bonus servus,
Plaut. Trin. 4, 3, 58; id. Am. 2, 1, 46; id. Men. 5, 6, 1; Cic. Mil. 22, 58:dominus bonus,
Cato, R. R. 14:bonus custos,
Plaut. Truc. 4, 3, 38.—Ironically, Ter. Phorm. 2, 1, 57:filius bonus,
Plaut. Am. 3, 4, 9:patres,
Quint. 11, 3, 178:parens,
id. 6, prooem. 4: bonus (melior, optimus), viz. a good husband, Cic. Inv. 1, 31, 51 sq.; Liv. 1, 9, 15:uxor melior,
Cic. Inv. 1, 31, 52:amicus,
id. Fam. 2, 15, 3:amicus optimus,
Plaut. Cas. 3, 3, 18:optimus testis,
Cic. Fam. 7, 27, 2:auctor, in two senses,
good authority, id. Att. 5, 12, 3;and = bonus scriptor (post-class.),
Quint. 10, 1, 74.—Esp.:bonus civis (rarely civis bonus): in re publica ea velle quae tranquilla et honesta sint: talem enim solemus et sentire bonum civem et dicere, Cic.-Off. 1, 34, 124: eaque est summa ratio et sapientia boni civis, commoda civium non divellere, atque omnes aequitate eadem continere,
id. ib. 2, 23, 83:eum esse civem et fidelem et bonum,
Plaut. Pers. 1, 2, 15; Cic. Fam. 2, 8, 2; 1, 9, 10; 3, 12, 1; 6, 6, 11; id. Off. 1, 44, 155; Liv. 22, 39, 3; Sall. H. Fragm. 1, 10 Dietsch:optimus et fortissimus civis,
Cic. Fam. 12, 2, 3; id. Sest. 17, 39.—Bonus and optimus as epithets of the gods.(α).In gen.:(β).sed te bonus Mercurius perdat,
Plaut. Cas. 2, 3, 23:fata... bonique divi,
Hor. C. 4, 2, 38:divis orte bonis,
id. ib. 4, 5, 1:O bone deus!
Scrib. Comp. 84 fin.: BONORVM DEORVM, Inscr. ap. Cic. N. D. 3, 34, 84: totidem, pater optime, dixi, Tu mihi da cives, referring to Jupiter, Ov. M. 7, 627.—Optimus Maximus, a standing epithet of Jupiter:(γ).(Juppiter) a majoribus nostris Optimus Maximus (nominatur), et quidem ante optimus, id est beneficentissimus, quam Maximus,
Cic. N. D. 2, 25, 64:Jovem optimum et maximum ob eas res appellant, non quod, etc.,
id. ib. 3, 36, 87:in templo Jovis Optimi Maximi,
id. Sest. 56, 129; id. Prov. Cons. 9, 22:nutu Jovis Optimi Maximi,
id. Cat. 3, 9, 21; Liv. 1, 12, 7; id. 6, 16, 2.—Di boni, O di boni, expressing indignation, sorrow, or surprise:(δ).di boni, hunc visitavi antidhac!
Plaut. Ep. 4, 1, 16:di boni, boni quid porto!
Ter. And. 2, 2, 1:di boni, quid hoc morbi est,
id. Eun. 2, 1, 19; id. Heaut. 2, 3, 13; id. Ad. 3, 3, 86:alter, O di boni, quam taeter incedebat!
Cic. Sest. 8, 19; id. Brut. 84, 288; id. Phil. 2, 8, 20; 2, 32, 80; id. Att. 1, 16, 5; 14, 21, 2; Val. Max. 3, 5, 1; Sen. Vit. Beat. 2, 3.—Bona Dea, etc., v. 6.—5.Optimus as a laudatory epithet.(α).Vir optimus:(β).per vos nobis, per optimos viros optimis civibus periculum inferre conantur,
Cic. Sest. 1, 2:virum optimum et constantissimum M. Cispium,
id. ib. 35, 76:fratrem meum, virum optimum, fortissimum,
id. ib.:consolabor hos praesentes, viros optimos,
id. Balb. 19, 44; id. Planc. 21, 51; 23, 55; id. Mil. 14, 38; id. Marcell. 4, 10; id. Att. 5, 1, 5; Hor. S. 1, 6, 53.—Femina bona, optima:(γ).tua conjunx bona femina,
Cic. Phil. 3, 6, 16:hujus sanctissimae feminae atque optimae pater,
id. ib. —Senex, pater, frater, etc.:(δ).optimus: parentes ejus, prudentissimi atque optimi senis,
Cic. Planc. 41, 97:insuevit pater optimus hoc me,
Hor. S. 1, 4, 105; 2, 1, 12:C. Marcelli, fratris optimi,
Cic. Fam. 4, 7, 6; id. Q. Fr. 2, 6 (8), 2; 2, 4, 2.—With proper names ( poet.):(ε).optimus Vergilius,
Hor. S. 1, 6, 54:Maecenas optimus,
id. ib. 1, 5, 27:optime Quinti,
id. Ep. 1, 16, 1.—Esp. as an epithet of the Roman emperors:6.quid tam civile, tam senatorium quam illud, additum a nobis Optimi cognomen?
Plin. Pan. 2, 7:gratias, inquit, ago, optime Princeps!
Sen. Tranq. 14. 4:ex epistula optimi imperatoris Antonini,
Gai. Inst. 1, 102; cf.:bene te patriae pater optime Caesar,
Ov. F. 2, 637:optime Romulae Custos gentis,
Hor. C. 4, 5, 1.—Bonus and Bona, names of deities.(α).Bona Dea, the goddess of Chastity, whose temple could not be entered by males (cf. Macr. S. 1, 12; Lact. 1, 22):(β).Bonae Deae pulvinaribus,
Cic. Pis. 39, 95; id. Mil. 31, 86; id. Fam. 1, 9, 15; cf.in mal. part.,
Juv. 2, 86 sq.; 6, 314 sq.; 6, 335 sq.—Bonus Eventus, Varr. R. R. 1, 1 med.; Amm. 29, 6, 19; Inscr. Orell. 907; 1780 sq.—(γ).Bona Fortuna:(δ).si bona Fortuna veniat, ne intromiseris,
Plaut. Aul. 1, 3, 22:Bonae Fortunae (signum),
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 3, § 7:FORTVNAE BONAE DOMESTICAE,
Inscr. Orell. 1743 sq. —Bona Spes:(ε).Spes Bona, obsecro, subventa mihi,
Plaut. Rud. 1, 4, 12:BONAE SPEI,
Aug. Inscr. Grut. 1075, 1.—BONA MENS, Inscr. Orell. 1818 sqq.:B.Mens Bona, si qua dea es, tua me in sacraria dono,
Prop. 3, 24, 19.With nouns denoting things.1.Things concrete, denoting excellence:2.navis bona dicitur non quae pretiosis coloribus picta est... sed stabilis et firma,
Sen. Ep. 76, 13:gladium bonum dices, non cui auratus est balteus, etc., sed cui et ad secandum subtilis acies est, et, etc.,
id. ib. 76, 14:id vinum erit lene et bono colore,
Cato, R. R. 109; Lucr. 2, 418; Ov. Am. 2, 7, 9:tabulas... collocare in bono lumine,
Cic. Brut. 75, 261: ex quavis olea oleum... bonum fieri potest. Cato, R. R. 3:per aestatem boves aquam bonam et liquidam bibant semper curato,
id. ib. 73; cf.:bonae aquae, ironically compared to wine,
Prop. 2, 33 (3, 31), 28:praedium bonum caelum habeat,
good temperature, Cato, R. R. 1:bona tempestate,
in good weather, Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 2, 4:(praedium) solo bono valeat,
by good soil, Cato, R. R. 1:bonae (aedes) cum curantur male,
Plaut. Most. 1, 2, 24:villam bonam,
Cic. Off. 3, 13, 55:bonus pons,
Cat. 17, 5:scyphi optimi (= optime facti),
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 14, § 32:perbona toreumata,
id. ib. 2, 4, 18, §38: bona domicilia,
comfortable residences, id. N. D. 2, 37, 95:agrum Meliorem nemo habet,
Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 12:fundum meliorem,
Cic. Inv. 1, 31, 52: fundos optimos et fructuosissimos, id. Agr. 3, 4, 14:equus melior,
id. Inv. 1, 31, 52:bona cena,
Cat. 13, 3:boni nummi,
good, not counterfeit, Plaut. As. 3, 3, 144; Cic. Off. 3, 23, 91:super omnia vultus accessere boni,
good looks, Ov. M. 8, 678:mulier bona forma,
of a fine form, Ter. Heaut. 3, 2, 13:equus formae melioris,
Hor. S. 2, 7, 52:tam bona cervix, simul ac jussero, demetur,
fine, beautiful, Suet. Calig. 33:fruges bonae,
Cat. 34, 19:ova suci melioris,
of better flavor, Hor. S. 2, 4, 13.— Trop.:animus aequus optimum est aerumnae condimentum,
Plaut. Rud. 2, 3, 71: bona dextra, a lucky hand (cf.:bonum omen, 2. e.),
Quint. 6, 3, 69:scio te bona esse voce, ne clama nimis,
good, sound, loud voice, Plaut. Most. 3, 1, 43; so,bona firmaque vox,
Quint. 11, 3, 13.—Things abstract.a.Of physical well-being:b.ut si qui neget sine bona valetudine posse bene vivi,
Cic. Inv. 1, 51, 93; Sen. Vit. Beat. 22, 2; Lucr. 3, 102; Val. Max. 2, 5, 6; Quint. 10, 3, 26; 11, 2, 35 et saep.:non bonus somnus de prandio est,
Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 8:bona aetas,
prime of life, Cic. Sen. 14, 48:optima aetate,
id. Fam. 10, 3, 3.—Ironically:bona, inquis, aetate, etc.,
Sen. Ep. 76, 1.—Of the mind and soul:c.meliore esse sensu,
Cic. Sest. 21, 47:optima indoles,
id. Fin. 5, 22, 61:bona conscientia,
Quint. 6, 1, 33; 9, 2, 93; Sen. Vit. Beat. 20, 5:bono ingenio me esse ornatam quam auro multo mavolo,
with a good heart, Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 91; id. Stich. 1, 21, 59; Sall. C. 10, 5:mens melior,
Ter. Ad. 3, 3, 78; Cic. Phil. 3, 5, 13; Liv. 39, 16, 5; Sen. Ben. 1, 11, 4; id. Ep. 10, 4; Pers. 2, 8; Petr. 61.—Personified, Prop. 3 (4), 24, 19; Ov. Am. 1, 2, 31:duos optimae indolis filios,
Val. Max. 5, 7, 2; Sen. Ben. 6, 16, 6; Quint. 1, 2, 5:bonum consilium,
Plaut. Merc. 2, 3, 6; id. Rud. 4, 3, 18; Cic. Off. 1, 33, 121:bona voluntas,
a good purpose, Quint. 12, 11, 31:memoria bona,
Cic. Att. 8, 4, 2:bona ratio cum perdita... confligit,
id. Cat. 2, 11, 25:bonae rationes,
Ter. Ad. 5, 3, 50:pronuntiatio bona,
Auct. Her. 3, 15, 27.—Of moral relations:d.ego si bonam famam mihi servasso, sat ero dives,
Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 71; Cic. Sest. 66, 139; Liv. 6, 11, 7; Hor. S. 1, 2, 61 (cf. Cic. Att. 7, 26, 1;v. e. infra): si ego in causa tam bona cessi tribuni plebis furori,
Cic. Sest. 16, 36; id. Planc. 36, 87; Ov. M. 5, 220:fac, sis, bonae frugi sies,
of good, regular habits, Plaut. Curc. 4, 2, 35; id. Cas. 2, 4, 5; 2, 5, 19; id. Ps. 1, 5, 53; id. Truc. 1, 1, 13; id. Capt. 5, 2, 3 sq. (v. frux, II. B. 1. b.): vilicus disciplina bona utatur. Cato, R. R. 5:bona studia,
moral pursuits, Auct. Her. 4, 17, 25:quidquid vita meliore parasti,
Hor. S. 2, 3, 15: ad spem mortis melioris, an honorable death; so as an epithet of religious exercises:Juppiter, te bonas preces precor,
Cato, R. R. 134; 139.—Of external, artistic, and literary value and usefulness:e.bono usui estis nulli,
Plaut. Curc. 4, 2, 15:Optumo optume optumam operam das,
id. Am. 1, 1, 122:bonam dedistis mihi operam,
a valuable service to me, id. Poen. 2, 3, 70; 3, 6, 11; id. Pers. 4, 7, 11; id. Rud. 3, 6, 11 (in a different sense: me bona opera aut mala Tibi inventurum esse auxilium argentarium, by fair or unfair means, id. Ps. 1, 1, 102;v. e. infra): optima hereditas a patribus traditur liberis... gloria virtutis rerumque gestarum,
Cic. Off. 1, 33, 121:bonum otium,
valuable leisure, Sall. C. 4, 1:bonis versibus,
Cic. Ac. 2, 23, 74:versus meliores,
Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 81:meliora poemata,
Hor. A. P. 303:in illa pro Ctesiphonte oratione longe optima,
Cic. Or. 8, 26:optimas fabulas,
id. Off. 1, 31, 114:melius munus,
id. Ac. 1, 2, 7.—Favorable, prosperous, lucky, fortunate:f.de Procilio rumores non boni,
unfavorable rumors, Cic. Att. 4, 16, 5:bona de Domitio, praeclara de Afranio fama est,
about their success in the war, id. ib. 7, 26, 1:si fuisset in discipulo comparando meliore fortuna,
id. Pis. 29, 71; cf.fortuna optima esse,
to be in the best pecuniary circumstances, id. ad Brut. 1, 1, 2:occasio tam bona,
Plaut. Most. 2, 2, 9:senex est eo meliore condicione quam adulesoens cum, etc.,
Cic. Sen. 19, 68; id. Fam. 4, 32:bona navigatio,
id. N. D. 3, 34, 83;esp. in phrase bona spes.—Object.: ergo in iis adulescentibus bonam spem esse dicemus et magnam indolem quos, etc.,
Cic. Fin. 2, 35, 117.—Subject.:ego sum spe bona,
Cic. Fam. 12, 28, 3; id. Cat. 2, 11, 25; [p. 245] id. Att. 14, 1 a, 3; id. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 5, § 16:optima spe,
id. Fam. 12, 11, 2.—Pregn., = spes bonarum rerum, Sall. C. 21, 1;v. C. 1. c. infra: meliora responsa,
more favorable, Liv. 7, 21, 6:melior interpretatio,
Tac. H. 3, 65:cum laude et bonis recordationibus,
id. A. 4, 38:amnis Doctus iter melius,
i. e. less injurious, Hor. A. P. 68:omen bonum,
a good, lucky omen, Cic. Pis. 13, 31; cf.Liv. praef. § 13: melius omen,
Ov. F. 1, 221;optimum,
Cic. Fam. 3, 12, 2:bona scaeva,
Plaut. Stich. 5, 2, 24:auspicio optumo,
id. ib. 3, 2, 6; cf.:memini bene, sed meliore Tempore dicam = opportuniore tempore,
Hor. S. 1, 9, 68.—Of public affairs, si mihi bona re publica frui non licuerit, Cic. Mil. 34, 93:g.optima res publica,
id. Or. 1, 1, 1; id. Phil. 1, 8, 19:minus bonis temporibus,
id. Dom. 4, 8; so,optimis temporibus,
id. Sest. 3, 6:nostrae res meliore loco videbantur,
id. ad Brut. 1, 3, 1:lex optima,
id. Pis. 16, 37; id. Sest. 64, 137; id. Phil, 1, 8, 19.—Good = large, considerable:h.bono atque amplo lucro,
Plaut. Am. prol. 6:bona librorum copia,
Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 109; cf.:bona copia cornu,
Ov. M. 9, 88; v. bona pars, C. 8. g.—Noble; with genus, good family, noble extraction, honorable birth: quali me arbitraris genere prognatum? Eu. Bono, Plaut. Aul. 2, 2, 35; so id. Ep. 1, 2, 4; 2, 1, 3; id. Pers. 4, 4, 94:k.si bono genere natus sit,
Auct. Her. 3, 7, 13.—Referring to good-will, kindness, faithfulness, in certain phrases.(α).Bona venia or cum bona venia, with the kind permission of a person addressed, especially bona venia orare, expetere, etc.:(β).primum abs te hoc bona venia expeto,
Ter. Phorm. 2, 3, 31:bona tua venia dixerim,
Cic. Leg. 3, 15, 34:oravit bona venia Quirites, ne, etc.,
Liv. 7, 41, 3:obsecro vos.. bona venia vestra liceat, etc.,
id. 6, 40, 10:cum bona venia quaeso audiatis, etc.,
id. 29, 17, 6; Arn. c. Gent. 1, p. 5; cf.. sed des veniam bonus oro = venia bona oro,
Hor. S. 2, 4, 5.—Bona pax, without quarrelling:(γ).bona pax sit potius,
let us have no quarrel about that, Plaut. Pers. 2, 2, 7;so especially cum bona pace, or bona pace: Hannibal ad Alpis cum bona pace incolentium... pervenit,
without a difficulty with the inhabitants, Liv. 21, 32, 6; 21, 24, 5; 1, 24, 3; 28, 37, 4; 8, 15, 1; cf.: si bonam (pacem) dederitis, = a fair peace, under acceptable conditions, id. 8, 21, 4.—Amicitia bona = bona fide servata, faithful, undisturbed friendship:(δ).igitur amicitia Masinissae bona atque honesta nobis permansit,
Sall. J. 5, 5.—Bona societas, alliance:C.Segestes, memoria bonae societatis, impavidus,
Tac. A. 1, 58.In particular phrases.1.Bonae res.a.= Vitae commoda, comforts of life, abstract or concrete:b.concedatur bonis rebus homines morte privari,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 36, 87:optimis rebus usus est,
he had every most desirable thing, Nep. Att. 18, 1.—= Res secundae, opp. res adversae, prosperity:c.bonis rebus tuis, meas irrides malas,
Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 45:in bonis rebus,
Hor. C. 2, 3, 2. —Res bona = res familiaris bona, wealth ( poet.): in re bona esse, Laber. ap. Gell. 10, 17, 4.—Also an object of value:d.homines quibus mala abunde omnia erant, sed neque res neque spes bona ulla,
who had no property, nor the hope of any, Sall. C. 21, 1. —Costly things, articles of luxury:e.capere urbem in Arabia plenam bonarum rerum,
Plaut. Pers. 4, 3, 46; 4, 4, 82:nimium rei bonae,
id. Stich. 2, 3, 55:ignorantia bonarum rerum,
Nep. Ages. 8, 5 ' bonis rebus gaudere, Hor. S. 2, 6, 110:re bona copiosum esse,
Gell. 16, 19, 7.—Moral, morally good:f.illi cum res non bonas tractent,
Cic. Ac. 2, 33, 72:ut de virtutibus et vitiis, omninoque de bonis rebus et malis quaererent,
id. ib. 1, 4, 15:quid habemus in rebus bonis et malis explorati?
id. ib. 2, 42, 129; so id. Or. 1, 10, 42; id. Leg. 1, 22, 58:quae tamen omnia dulciora fuint et moribus bonis et artibus,
id. Sen. 18, 65.—In literary composition, important or interesting matter, subjects, or questions:2.res bonas verbis electis dictas quis non legat?
Cic. Fin. 1, 3, 8:studiis generorum, praesertim in re bona,
Plaut. Am. 8, 26.—Bonae artes.(α).A good, laudable way of dealing:(β).qui praeclari facinoris aut artis bonae famam quaerit,
Sall. C. 2, 9:huic bonae artes desunt, dolis atque fallaciis contendit,
id. ib. 11, 2:quod is bonarum artium cupiens erat,
Tac. A. 6, 46.—Liberal arts and sciences:3.litteris aut ulli bonae arti,
Quint. 12, 1, 7:conservate civem bonarum artium, bonarum partium, bonorum virorum,
Cic. Sest. 32, 77. —Esp.:optimae artes: optimarum artium scientia,
Cic. Fin. 1, 3, 4; id. Ac. 2, 1, 1; id. Cael. 10, 24; id. Marcell. 1, 4.—Bona fides, or fides bona.a.Good faith, i. e. conscious honesty in acts or words: qui nummos fide bona solvit, who pays (the price of labor) in good faith, i. e. as it is honestly earned, Cato, R. R. 14:b.dic, bona fide, tu id aurum non subripuisti?
Plaut. Aul. 4, 10, 46; 4, 10, 47; id. Capt. 4, 2, 111; id. Most. 3, 1, 137; id. Poen. 1, 3, 30; id. Pers. 4, 3, 16; id. Ps. 4, 6, 33:si tibi optima fide omnia concessit,
Cic. Rosc. Am. 49, 144; Quint. 10, 3, 23.—Hence, bonae fidei vir, a conscientious man, Quint. 10, 7, 1.—Jurid. t. t.(α).Good faith in contracts and legal acts in general, opposed to dolus malus, honesty and fairness in dealing with another:(β).ad fidem bonam statuit pertinere, notum esse emptori vitium quod nosset venditor,
Cic. Off. 3, 16, 67.—Hence, alienam rem bona fide emere, to buy, believing the seller to be the rightful owner, Dig. 41, 3, 10; 41, 3, 13, § 1. bonae fidei possessor (also possessio), believing that he is the rightful owner, ib. 5, 3, 25, § 11; 5, 3, 22; 41, 3, 15, § 2;41, 3, 24: conventio contra bonam fidem et mores bonos,
ib. 16, 31, § 7: bonam fidem praestare, to be responsible for one ' s good faith, ib. 17, 1, 10 prooem.—Hence,Bonae fidei actiones or judicia, actions in equity, i. e. certain classes of actions in which the strict civil law was set aside by the praetorian edict in favor of equity:4.actiones quaedam bonae fidei sunt, quaedam stricti juris. Bonae fidei sunt haec: exempto vendito, locato conducto, etc.,
Just. Inst. 4, 6, 28, § 19.—In the republican time the praetor added in such actions to his formula for the judex the words ex fide bona, or, in full:quidquid dare facere oportet ex fide bona,
Cic. Off. 3, 16, 66:iste dolus malus et legibus erat vindicatus, et sine lege, judiciis in quibus additur ex fide bona,
id. ib. 3, 15, 61; cf. id. ib. 3, 17, 70.—Bona verba.(α).Kind words:(β).Bona verba quaeso,
Ter. And. 1, 2, 33.—Words of good omen (v. omen):(γ).dicamus bona verba,
Tib. 2, 2, 1:dicite suffuso ter bona verba mero,
Ov. F. 2, 638.—Elegant or well-chosen expressions:(δ).quid est tam furiosum quam verborum vel optimorum atque ornatissimorum sonitus inanis,
Cic. Or. 1, 12, 51:verborum bonorum cursu,
id. Brut. 66, 233:omnia verba sunt alicubi optima,
Quint. 10, 1, 9.—Moral sayings:5.non est quod contemnas bona verba et bonis cogitationibus plena praecordia,
Sen. Vit. Beat. 20, 1. —Bona dicta.(α).Polite, courteous language:(β).hoc petere me precario a vobis jussit leniter dictis bonis,
Plaut. Am. prol. 25.—Witticisms ( bon-mots): flammam a sapiente facilius ore in ardente opprimi, quam bona dicta teneat, Enn. ap. Cic. Or. 2, 54, 222:6.dico unum ridiculum dictum de dictis melioribus quibus solebam menstruales epulas ante adipiscier,
Plaut. Capt. 3, 1, 22:ibo intro ad libros ut discam de dictis melioribus,
id. Stich. 2, 3, 75.—Bona facta.(α).= bene facta (v. bene, I. B. 2. b.), laudable deeds:(β).nobilitas ambobus et majorum bona facta (sc. erant),
Tac. A. 3, 40.—Bonum factum est, colloq., = bene est, bene factum est (v. bene, I. B. 2. b.):(γ).bonum factum est, ut edicta servetis mea,
Plaut. Poen. prol. 16:haec imperata quae sunt pro imperio histrico, bonum hercle factum (est) pro se quisque ut meminerit,
id. ib. 45.— Hence,Elliptically, introducing commands which cannot be enforced, = if you will do so, it will be well:7.peregrinis in senatum allectis, libellus propositus est: bonum factum, ne quis senatori novo curiam monstrare velit,
Suet. Caes. 80:et Chaldaeos edicere: bonum factum, ne Vitellius... usquam esset,
id. Vit. 14:hac die Carthaginem vici: bonum factum, in Capitolium eamus, et deos supplicemus,
Aur. Vict. 49; cf.:o edictum, cui adscribi non poterit bonum factum,
Tert. Pud. 1.—Bona gratia.(α).A friendly understanding:(β).cur non videmus inter nos haec potius cum bona Ut componantur gratia quam cum mala?
Ter. Phorm. 4, 3, 17; so,per gratiam bonam abire,
to part with good feelings, Plaut. Mil. 4, 3, 33.—In jest: sine bona gratia abire, of things cast away, Plaut Truc. 2, 7, 15.—Pleon., in the phrase bonam gratiam habere, = gratiam habere, to thank (v. B. 2. k.), Plaut. Rud. 2, 5, 32; id. Bacch. 4, 8, 99.—8.Bona pars.(α).The well-disposed part of a body of persons:(β).ut plerumque fit, major pars (i. e. of the senate) meliorem vicit,
Liv. 21, 4, 1:pars melior senatus ad meliora responsa trahere,
id. 7, 21, 6.—The good party, i. e. the optimates (gen. in plur.):(γ).civem bonarum partium,
Cic. Sest. 32, 77:(fuit) meliorum partium aliquando,
id. Cael. 6, 13:qui sibi gratiam melioris partis velit quaesitam,
Liv. 2, 44, 3.—Paronom.: (Roscius) semper partium in re publica tam quam in scaena optimarum, i. e. party and part in a drama, Cic. Sest. 56, 120.—Of things or persons, a considerable part (cf. a good deal):(δ).bonam partem ad te adtulit,
Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 43:bonam partem sermonis in hunc diem esse dilatam,
Cic. Or. 2, 3, 14:bonam magnamque partem exercitus,
Val. Max. 5, 2, ext. 4:bona pars noctium,
Quint. 12, 11, 19:bona pars hominum,
Hor. S. 1, 1, 61:meae vocis... bona pars,
id. C. 4, 2, 46; so id. A. P. 297; Ov. P. 1, 8, 74:melior pars diei,
Verg. A. 9, 156.—Rarely, and mostly eccl. Lat.: optima pars, the best part or lot:(ε).nostri melior pars animus est,
Sen. Q. N. 1, prooem. § 14; cf.:quae pars optima est in homine,
best, most valuable, Cic. Tusc. 5, 23, 67:major pars aetatis, certe melior reipublicae data sit,
Sen. Brev. Vit. 18, 1:Maria optimam partem elegit, quae non auferetur ab ea,
Vulg. Luc. 10, 42.—Adverb.:(ζ).bonam partem = ex magna parte,
Lucr. 6, 1249.—Aliquem in optimam partem cognoscere, to know somebody from his most favorable side, Cic. Off. 2, 13, 46: aliquid in optimam partem accipere, to take something in good part, interpret it most favorably:9.Caesar mihi ignoscit quod non venerim, seseque in optimam partem id accipere dicit,
id. Att. 10, 3 a, 2; id. ad Brut. 1, 2, 3:quaeso ut hoc in bonam partem accipias,
id. Rosc. Am. 16, 45.—Dies bonus or bona.(α).A day of good omen, a fortunate day (= dies laetus, faustus):(β).tum tu igitur die bono, Aphrodisiis, addice, etc.,
Plaut. Poen. 2, 49:nunc dicenda bona sunt bona verba die,
Ov. F. 1, 72.—A beautiful, serene day, Sen. Vit. Beat. 22, 3.—10.Bonus mos.(α).Boni mores, referring to individuals, good, decent, moral habits:(β).nihil est amabilius quam morum similitudo bonorum,
Cic. Off. 1, 17, 56:nam hic nimium morbus mores invasit bonos,
Plaut. Trin. 1, 1, 6:domi militiaeque boni mores colebantur,
Sall. C. 9, 1:propter ejus suavissimos et optimos mores,
Cic. Phil. 3, 5, 13:cum per tot annos matronae optimis moribus vixerint,
Liv. 34, 6, 9:mores meliores,
Plaut. Aul. 3, 5, 18.—Bonus mos or boni mores, in the abstract, morality, the laws, rules of morality: ei vos morigerari mos bonu'st, it is a rule of morality that you should, etc., Plaut. Capt. 2, 1, 4:11.ex optimo more et sanctissima disciplina,
Cic. Phil. 2, 28, 69:neglegentia boni moris,
Sen. Ep. 97, 1.—Jurid. t. t.:conventio, mandatum contra bonos mores,
in conflict with morality, Quint. 3, 1, 57; Dig. 16, 3, 1, § 7; Gai. Inst. 3, 157 et saep. —Adverbial phrases.a.Bono animo esse, or bonum animum habere.(α).To be of good cheer or courage:(β).bono animo es! Liberabit ille te homo,
Plaut. Merc 3, 1, 33; so id. Aul. 4, 10, 61; id. Mil. 4, 8, 32; id. Rud. 3, 3, 17; Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 4; id. Heaut. 4, 6, 18; id. Ad. 2, 4, 20; 3, 5, 1; 4, 2, 4; 4, 5, 62; id. Phorm. 5, 8, 72:animo bono es,
Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 103; id. Am. 2, 2, 48; 5, 2, 1:bono animo es, inquit Scrofa, et fiscinam expedi,
Varr. R. R. 1, 26:bono animo sint et tui et mei familiares,
Cic. Fam. 6, 18, 1; 6, 10, 29:bono animo esse jubere eam consul,
Liv. 39, 13, 7:habe modo bonum animum,
Plaut. Capt. 1, 2, 58; so id. Am. 1, 3, 47; id. Truc. 2, 6, 44; id. Aul. 2, 2, 15:habe animum bonum,
id. Cas. 2, 6, 35; id. Ep. 2, 2, 1; 4, 2, 31:bonum animum habe,
Liv. 45, 8, 5:clamor ortus ut bonum animum haberet,
id. 8, 32, 1; so Sen. Ep. 87, 38.—Bono animo esse, or facere aliquid, to be of a good or friendly disposition, or to do with good, honest intentions:(γ).audire jubet vos imperator histricus, bonoque ut animo sedeant in subselliis qui, etc.,
Plaut. Poen. prol. 5: sunt enim (consules) [p. 246] optimo animo, summo consilio, of the best disposition, Cic. Phil. 3, 1, 2:bono te animo tum populus Romanus... dicere existimavit ea quae sentiebatis, sed, etc.,
id. Imp. Pomp. 19, 56:quod nondum bono animo in populum Romanum viderentur,
Caes. B. G. 1, 6; Quint. 7, 4, 15.—Bonus animus, good temper, patience:b.bonus animus in mala re dimidium mali est,
Plaut. Ps. 1, 5, 37:vos etiam hoc animo meliore feratis,
Ov. M. 9, 433.—Bono modo.(α).= placide, with composure, moderation:(β).si quis quid deliquerit, pro noxa bono modo vindicet,
Cato, R. R. 5:haec tibi tam sunt defendenda quam moenia, mihi autem bono modo, tantum quantum videbitur,
Cic. Ac. 2, 44, 137.—In a decent manner:c.neu quisquam prohibeto filium quin amet... quod bono fiat modo,
Plaut. Merc. 5, 4, 62. —Jure optimo or optimo jure, with good, perfect right:II.te ipse jure optumo incuses licet,
Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 23; id. Rud. 2, 6, 53:ut jure optimo me deserere posses,
Cic. Fam. 3, 8, 6; Sen. Ot. Sap. 2 (29), 2.—With pass. or intr. verb, deservedly:ne jure optimo irrideamur,
Cic. Off. 1, 31, 111; cf. id. ib. 1, 42, 151; id. Marcell. 1, 4;similarly, optimo judicio,
Val. Max. 2, 9, 2.As subst.A.bŏnus, boni, m.; of persons.1.In sing. or plur. orig. = bonus vir, boni viri; v. I. A. 1. a. b, supra, a morally good man.(α).Plur.:(β).bonis quod bene fit haud perit,
Plaut. Rud. 4, 3, 2; id. Capt. 2, 2, 108; id. Trin. 2, 1, 55; id. Pers. 4, 5, 2:melius apud bonos quam apud fortunatos beneficium collocari puto,
Cic. Off. 2, 20, 71:verum esse ut bonos boni diligant, quamobrem... bonis inter bonos quasi necessariam (esse) benevolentiam,
id. Lael. 14, 50:diverso itinere malos a bonis loca taetra... habere,
Sall. C. 52, 13; 7, 2; 52, 22:oderunt peccare boni virtutis amore,
Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 52:tam bonis quam malis conduntur urbes,
Sen. Ben. 4, 28, 4; so id. Vit. Beat. 15, 6; Quint. 9, 2, 76.—Rarely bŏnae, arum, f., good women:quia omnes bonos bonasque adcurare addecet, etc.,
Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 41.—Sing.:2.malus bonum malum esse volt ut sit sui similis,
Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 8:nec enim cuique bono mali quidquam evenire potest,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 41, 99; cf.:qui meliorem audax vocet in jus,
Hor. S. 2, 5, 29.—Bonus, a man of honor.(α).A brave man:(β).pro qua (patria) quis bonus dubitet mortem oppetere si ei sit profuturus?
Cic. Off. 1, 17, 57:libertatem quam nemo bonus nisi cum anima simul amittat,
Sall. C. 33, 5:fortes creantur fortibus et bonis,
Hor. C. 4, 4, 29 (opp. ignavi):fama impari boni atque ignavi erant,
Sall. J. 57, 6; 53, 8; id. C. 11, 2. —A gentleman:3. (α).quis enim umquam, qui paululum modo bonorum consuetudinem nosset, litteras ad se ab amico missas... in medium protulit?
Cic. Phil. 2, 4, 7.—In gen. (of political sentiments, = optimates, opp. populares, seditiosi, perditi cives, etc.;(β).so usu. in Cic.): meam causam omnes boni proprie enixeque susceperant,
Cic. Sest. 16, 38:audaces homines et perditi nutu impelluntur... boni, nescio quomodo, tardiores sunt, etc.,
id. ib. 47, 100:ego Kal. Jan. senatum et bonos omnes legis agrariae... metu liberavi,
id. Pis. 2, 4:etenim omnes boni, quantum in ipsis fuit, Caesarem occiderunt,
id. Phil. 2, 13, 29; id. Fam. 5, 2, 8; 5, 21, 2; id. Sest. 2, 5; 16, 36; 48, 103; id. Planc. 35, 86; id. Mil. 2, 5; id. Off. 2. 12, 43:maledictis increpat omnes bonos,
Sall. C. 21, 4; 19, 2; 33, 3; Hirt. B. G. 8, 22; so,optimi,
Cic. Leg. 3, 17, 37; and, ironically, boni identified with the rich:bonorum, id est lautorum et locupletum,
id. Att. 8, 1, 3.—Without reference to political views;4.opp. vulgus (rare): nihil ego istos moror fatuos mores quibus boni dedecorant se,
Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 22:semper in civitate quibus opes nullae sunt bonis invident,
Sall. C. 37, 3:elatus est sine ulla pompa funeris, comitantibus omnibus bonis, maxima vulgi frequentia,
Nep. Att. 22, 2.—So, mĕlĭōres, um, m., one ' s betters:ut quaestui habeant male loqui melioribus,
Plaut. Poen. 3, 3, 13:da locum melioribus,
Ter. Phorm. 3, 2, 37.—Boni, bone, in addresses, as an expression of courtesy, Hor. S. 2, 2, 1; 2, 6, 51; 2, 6, 95; id. Ep. 2, 2, 37; ironice, id. S. 2, 3, 31.—5.Optimus quisque = quivis bonus, omnes boni.(α).Referring to morality:(β).esse aliquid natura pulcrum quod optimus quisque sequeretur,
every good man, Cic. Sen. 13, 43:qui ita se gerebant ut sua consilia optimo cuique probarent, optimates habebantur,
id. Sest. 45, 96; id. Off. 1, 43, 154; id. Fin. 1, 7, 24; id. Sest. 54, 115; and = even the best:quare deus optimum quemque mala valetudine adficit?
Sen. Prov. 4, 8.—Of the educated classes:(γ). (δ).adhibenda est quaedam reverentia adversus homines, et optimi cujusque et reliquorum,
Cic. Off. 1, 28, 99; cf. id. ib. 1, 25, 85:Catilina plerisque consularibus, praeterea optumo cuique, litteras mittit,
Sall. C. 34, 2:optimo cuique infesta libertas,
Sen. Ot. Sap. 8, 2 (32 fin.).—In gen., excellent:(ε).optimus quisque facere quam dicere... malebat,
Sall. C. 8, 5.—Distributively:(ζ).ita imperium semper ad optumum quemque a minus bono transfertur,
to the best man in each instance, Sall. C. 2, 6.—Referring to another superlative ( = quo quisque melior eo magis, etc.):(η).hic aditus laudis qui semper optimo cuique maxime patuit,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 1, 1; so id. Lael. 4, 14; id. Inv. 2, 11, 36; Sen. Vit. Beat. 18, 1.—Attributively, with a noun:2. 1.optimam quamque causam,
Cic. Sest. 43, 93:optima quaeque dies,
Verg. G. 3, 66.Bonum, or plur. bona, a good, or goods in a moral and metaphysical sense, a moral good, a blessing: sunt autem hae de finibus defensae sententiae: nihil bonum nisi honestum, ut Stoici; nihil bonum nisi voluptatem, ut Epicurus;2.nihil bonum nisi vacuitatem doloris, ut Hieronymus... tria genera bonorum, maxima animi, secunda corporis, externa tertia, ut Peripatetici, etc.,
Cic. Tusc. 5, 30, 84 sq.:quid est igitur bonum? Si quid recte fit et honeste et cum virtute, id bene fieri vere dicitur, et quod rectum et honestum et cum virtute est, id solum opinor bonum,
id. Par. 1, 1, 9:ut quis intellegat, quid sit illud simplex et verum bonum quod non possit ab honestate sejungi,
id. Ac. 1, 2, 7:non-est igitur voluptas bonum,
id. Fin. 1, 11, 39: finis bonorum et malorum (telos agathôn) = summa bona et mala:sunt nonnullae disciplinae quae, propositis bonorum et malorum finibus, officium omne pervertant. Nam qui summum bonum sic instituit ut, etc.,
id. Off. 1, 2, 5; cf. id. Par. 1, 3, 14; id. Ac. 2, 9, 29; 2, 36, 114; 2, 42, 129; id. Fin. 1, 9, 29; 1, 12, 42; id. Tusc. 4, 31, 66; Sen. Vit. Beat. 24, 5; id. Ep. 117, 1 et saep.—Bonum, what is valuable, beneficial, estimable, favorable, pleasant, physically or mentally:3.quoi boni Tantum adfero quantum ipsus a diis optat,
Plaut. Capt. 4, 1, 9:multa bona vobis volt facere,
will do you much good, id. Poen. 5, 4, 60; id. Am. prol. 43, 49; id. Pers. 4, 8, 4; 2, 3, 14; id. Cas. 2, 8, 32:tum demum nostra intellegemus bona quom ea amisimus,
id. Capt. 1, 2, 33:multa tibi di dent bona,
id. Poen. 1, 1, 80; cf. id. ib. 3, 3, 54; 3, 3, 74; id. Mil. 3, 1, 120; id. Men. 3, 3, 34; id. Pers. 4, 3, 23; id. Truc. 1, 2, 23; id. Merc. 1, 2, 40; id. Most. 1, 1, 47:omnia Bona dicere,
to speak in the highest terms of one, Ter. And. 1, 1, 70:sed ne vivus quidem bono caret, si eo non indiget,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 36, 88:cum quaecumque bona Peripateticis, eadem Stoicis commoda viderentur,
id. ib. 5, 41, 120:nihil enim boni nosti,
nothing that is good for any thing, id. Phil. 2, 7, 16:mala pro bonis legere dementia est,
Sen. Vit. Beat. 6, 1; Val. Max. 5, 3, ext. 3 fin.; Hor. S. 1, 2, 73:quia bonum sit valere,
a good thing, Cic. Fin. 4, 23, 62 (cf. III. A. 5. infra):melius: quo quidem haud scio an... quidquam melius sit homini a dis immortalibus datum,
id. Lael. 6, 20:meliora... Aristotelem de istis rebus scripsisse,
id. Or. 1, 10, 43:optimum: difficillimum est formam exponere optimi,
id. ib. 11, 36.— Here belongs the phrase boni consulere;v. consulo.—So after prepositions: in bonum vertere, v. under verto: in melius ire,
to change for the better, Tac. A. 12, 68.—In the same sense: in melius aliquid referre, or reflectere ( poet.), Verg. A. 1, 281; 11, 426; 10, 632:ad melius transcurrere,
to pass over to something better, Hor. S. 2, 2, 82.—Bonum or bona, prosperity:4.fortiter malum qui patitur, idem post patitur bonum,
Plaut. As. 2, 2, 58:nulli est homini perpetuum bonum,
id. Curc. 1, 3, 33:unā tecum bona, mala tolerabimus,
Ter. Phorm. 3, 3, 23:quibus in bonis fuerint et nunc quibus in malis sint, ostenditur ( = in secundis, in adversis rebus),
Cic. Inv. 1, 55, 107.—Good qualities, gifts:5.omnia adsunt bona, quem penes'st virtus,
Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 30:magnis illi et divinis bonis hanc licentiam adsequebantur,
Cic. Off. 1, 41, 148:nisi qui se suā gravitate et castimoniā... tum etiam naturali quodam bono defenderet, etc.,
id. Cael. 5, 11:hunc meā sententiā divinis quibusdam bonis instructum atque ornatum puto,
id. ib. 17, 39:non intellego quod bonum cuiquam sit apud tales viros profuturum,
id. Balb. 28, 63:gaude isto tuo tam excellenti bono,
id. Marcell. 6, 19; so id. Imp. Pomp. 16, 49.—Advantage, benefit:6.si plus adipiscare, re explicatā, boni, quam addubitatā mali,
Cic. Off. 1, 24, 83:saepe cogitavi bonine an mali plus adtulerit... eloquentiae studium,
id. Inv. 1, 1, 1; 2, 35, 106; id. Off. 2, 2, 5; id. Sest. 10, 24:maximum bonum in celeritate ponebat,
Sall. C. 43, 4; so, bono publico (abl.), for the public good:hoc ita si fit, publico fiat bono,
Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 183; Liv. 2, 44, 3; Dig. 41, 3, 1.—With aequum, what is fair and good, the fair ( thing), fairness, equity:7. a.si bonum aequomque oras,
Plaut. Most. 3, 1, 149; so id. Pers. 3, 1, 71; id. Rud. 1, 2, 94; id. Men. 4, 2, 11:si tu aliquam partem aequi bonique dixeris,
Ter. Phorm. 4, 3, 32; id. Heaut. 4, 1, 29; id. Ad. 1, 1, 39:a quo vivo nec praesens nec absens quidquam aequi bonique impetravit,
Cic. Phil. 2, 37, 94.—Hence, aequo et bono, or ex aequo et bono, in ( with) fairness, in equity, Ter. Ad. 5, 9, 30; Auct. Her. 2, 10, 14; 2, 12, 18; 2, 13, 20; Gai. Inst. 3, 137: aequi bonique, as gen. of value, with facere:istuc, Chreme, Aequi bonique facio,
I place a fair and proper value on it, Ter. Heaut. 4, 5, 40.—In gen.:b.paterna oportet reddi filio bona,
Plaut. Poen. 5, 2, 120:bona sua med habiturum omnia,
id. Truc. 2, 4, 49; cf. id. ib. 2, 7, 6; 4, 2, 29; id. Rud. 2, 6, 22; id. Most. 1, 3, 77; id. Trin. 4, 4, 3; Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 4:bona mea diripiebantur atque ad consulem deferebantur,
Cic. Sest. 24, 54:cum de capite, civis et de bonis proscriptio ferretur,
id. ib. 30, 65:bona, fortunas, possessiones omnium,
id. Caecin. 13, 38:at mulctantur bonis exsules,
id. Tusc. 5, 37, 106; id. Off. 2, 23, 81; id. Par. 1, 1, 7; id. Sest. 19, 42; 43, 94; 52, 111; id. Phil. 2, 26, 64; Caes. B. G. 7, 3; Liv. 2, 3, 5; 2, 5, 5; 4, 15, 8; Tac. A. 2, 48; Quint. 6, 1, 19 et saep.—Bonorum possessio, the possession of one ' s property by another.(α).Bonorum possessio in consequence of bonorum cessio, i. e. an assignment of one ' s property for the benefit of creditors, Dig. 42, tit. 3.—(β).Bonorum possessio granted by the prætor against a contumacious or insolvent debtor (in bona mittere, in bona ire jubere, bona possidere jubere, etc.); cf. Dig. 42, tit. 4:(γ).postulat a Burrieno Naevius ut ex edicto bona possidere liceat,
Cic. Quint. 6, 25, and the whole of c. 8:edixit... neu quis militis... bona possideret aut venderet,
Liv. 2, 24, 6:bona proscribere,
to offer the property thus transferred for sale, Cic. Quint. 6, 25.—Chiefly referring to the property of a defunct person (hereditas), where the prætor, till the heir had proved his right, granted a bonorum possessio secundum tabulas or contra tabulas, Dig. 37, tit. 4; 37, tit. 11.—c.In bonis esse;III.with reference to the older civil law, which distinguished between civil property (habere rem ex jure Quiritium) and natural property (rem in bonis habere, res in bonis est),
Gai. Inst. 2, 40, 41; Dig. 40, 12, 38, § 2; 37, 6, 2, § 1; 37, 6, 3, § 2; ib. Fragm. 1, 16; Gai. Inst. 1, 22; 1, 35; 1, 222; 1, 167; Dig. 1, 8, 1; 27, 10, 10:neque bonorum possessorum, neque... res pleno jure fiunt, sed in bonis efficiuntur,
ib. Fragm. 3, 80.—Hence, nullam omnino arbitrabamur de eā hereditate controversiam eum habiturum, et est hodie in bonis, i. e. [p. 247] the bonorum possessio has been granted to him, which did not give full ownership, but effected only that the hereditas was in bonis. Cic. Fam. 13, 30, 1.Predicative use.A.With nouns or pronouns as subjects.1.Bonum esse, to be morally good, honest:2.nunc mihi bonae necessum est esse ingratiis, Quamquam esse nolo,
Plaut. Cist. 2, 3, 82:bonam ego quam beatam me esse nimio dici mavolo,
id. Poen. 1, 2, 93; so id. Capt. 2, 1, 44; id. Men. 4, 2, 6; id. Rud. prol. 29:itaque viros fortes magnanimos eosdem, bonos et simplices... esse volumus,
Cic. Off. 1, 19, 63; cf. id. ib. 3, 21, 84; id. Att. 15, 6, 1:Cato esse quam videri bonus malebat,
Sall. C. 54, 5:ut politiora, non ut meliora fiant ingenia,
Val. Max. 5, 4, ext. 5 fin. —To be beneficial, prosperous, advantageous, valuable, favorable, serviceable, correct, with reference to both persons and things as subjects, and in regard to physical and mental relations:3.jam istuc non bonumst,
Plaut. Merc. 2, 2, 29; Cato, R. R. 157:oleum viridius et melius fiet,
id. ib. 3:vinum ut alvum bonam faciat,
to correct the bowels, id. ib. 156:quid est homini salute melius?
Plaut. As. 3, 3, 127:non optuma haec sunt, verum meliora quam deterruma,
id. Trin. 2, 3, 1:quid est quod huc possit quod melius sit accedere?
Cic. Fin. 1, 12, 41; 1, 18, 57; id. Tusc. 1, 41, 99:in quo (vestitu), sicut in plerisque rebus, mediocritas optima est,
id. Off. 1, 36, 130; 2, 17, 59; id. Inv. 1, 31, 51; id. Or. 2, 6; 11, 36:meliorem tamen militem... in futura proelia id certamen fecit,
Liv. 2, 51, 3:parvus ut est cygni melior canor, ille gruum quam Clamor,
Lucr. 4, 181; 4, 191:si meliora dies, ut vina, poemata reddit,
Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 34.—So in the optative formula:quod bonum, faustum, felixque sit,
Liv. 1, 28, 7; 1, 17, 10; 39, 15, 1; 3, 54;3, 34.—Also, quod bonum atque fortunatum mihi sit,
Plaut. Cas. 2, 6, 50;and with a noun as subject: ut nobis haec habitatio Bona, fausta, felix, fortunataque evenat,
Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 3.—To be kind:4.bonus cum probis'st (erus), malus cum malis,
Plaut. Most. 4, 1, 22:hic si vellet bonus ac benignus Esse,
Hor. S. 1, 2, 52.—With reference to the gods:B.ecastor ambae (Fortuna et Salus sunt bonae,
Plaut. As. 3, 3, 129:Palladis aut oculos ausa negare bonos (esse),
Prop. 3, 24, 12 (2, 28, 12).—Impers.1.Bonum est (very rare for the class. bene est; v. bene).(α). (β).With subject inf.:2.nam et stulte facere, et stulte fabularier in aetate haud bonum est,
Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 61:bonum est pauxillum amare, insane non bonum est,
id. Curc. 1, 3,20.—Melius est.(α).With subject inf.:(β).melius sanam est mentem sumere,
Plaut. Men. 5, 2, 51:nihil sentire est melius quam tam prava sentire,
Cic. Ac. 2, 40, 125; cf. id. Fin. 1, 19, 62; id. Off. 1, 43, 156; so,melius fuit, fuisset, or fuerat,
it would have been better, id. N. D. 3, 33; id. Sen. 23, 82; id. Off. 3, 25, 94:proinde quiesse erit melius,
Liv. 3, 48, 3; 3, 41, 3; Verg. A. 11, 303.—With subject inf.-clause:(γ).meliu'st te quae sunt mandata tibi praevortier,
Plaut. Merc. 2, 3, 125; id. Men. 5, 9, 32.—With ut-clause:(δ).quid melius quam ut hinc intro abeam et me suspendam clanculum,
Plaut. Rud. 4, 4, 145; so id. Ps. 4, 7, 18.—With subjectclause in the subjunctive:3.nunc quid mihi meliu'st quam ilico hic opperiar erum,
Plaut. Rud. 2, 2, 22.—Optimum est.(α).With subject inf.:(β).optimum visum est, captivos quam primum deportare,
Liv. 23, 34, 8:si quis dicit optimum esse navigare,
Sen. Ot. Sap. 8, 4 (32 fin.); so, optimum fuit, it would have been better, and optimum erat, it would be better, Quint. 6, prooem. 3; 11, 2, 33; Hor. S. 2, 1, 7.—With inf.-clause:(γ).constituerunt optimum esse, domum suam quemque reverti,
Caes. B. G. 2, 10: optimum visum est, in fluctuantem aciem tradi equos, etc., Liv 6, 24, 10; 22, 27, 6.—With ut and subj:(δ).hoc vero optimum, ut is qui, etc., id ultimum bonorum, id ipsum quid et quale sit nesciat,
Cic. Fin. 2, 3, 6.—With quod:(ε).illa vero optima (sunt) quod cum Haluntium venisset Archagathum vocari jussit,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 23, § 51:optimum vero (est) quod dictaturae nomen in perpetuum de re publica sustulisti,
id. Phil. 2, 36, 91.—With second sup., in the phrase optumum factu est (where factu is redundant):IV.sed hoc mihi optumum factu arbitror,
Plaut. Stich. 1, 2, 16:optimum factu esse duxerant frumento... nostros prohibere,
Caes. B. G. 4, 30:optumum factu credens exercitum augere,
Sall. C. 32, 1 (Kritz, factum); 57, 5 (Kritz, factum).Ellipt. use: di meliora, i. e. dent or velint, i. e. let the gods grant better things than what you say, etc.; God forbid! in full:V.di melius duint,
Ter. Phorm. 5, 9, 16:di meliora velint!
Ov. M. 7, 37.—Ellipt.:di meliora! inquit,
Cic. Sen. 14, 47:id ubi mulier audivit, perturbata, dii meliora inquit, etc.,
Liv. 39, 10, 2; 9, 9, 6; Verg. G. 3, 513;similarly, di melius, i. e. fecerunt,
Val. Max. 6, 1, ext. 3.With object expressed,1.By dat.(α).= good, useful, beneficial for:(β).ambula, id lieni optumum est,
Plaut. Curc. 2, 1, 25:quia vobis eadem quae mihi bona malaque esse intellexi,
Sall. C. 20, 3:bona bello Cornus, jaculis, etc.,
Verg. G. 2, 447.—= benignus or propitius, kind to:(γ).vicinis bonus esto,
Cato, R. R. 4:bene merenti mala es, male merenti bona es,
Plaut. As. 1, 2, 3:vos o mihi Manes, Este boni,
Verg. A. 12, 647.—= idoneus, fit for, adapted to:(δ).qui locus vino optimus dicetur esse,
Cato, R. R. 6:tum erit ei rei optumum tempus,
id. ib. 26:terra cui putre solum, Optima frumentis,
Verg. G. 2, 205; 2, 319; 1, 286.—With sum and dat., in the phrase alicui bono est, it is of service to one, profits him:(ε).accusant in quibus occidi patrem Sex. Roscii bono fuit,
Cic. Rosc. Am. 5, 13:bono fuisse Romanis adventum eorum constabat,
Liv. 7, 12, 4.—Hence, with rel. dat.: cui bono (est), for whose advantage it is:quod si quis usurpet illud Cassianum cui bono fuerit, etc.,
Cic. Phil. 2, 14, 35:cui bono fuisset,
id. Rosc. Am. 30, 84; id. Mil. 12, 32 Ascon. ad loc.; cf.ellipt. form cui bono?
Prisc. p. 1208 P.—With dat. gerund:2.ager oleto conserundo qui in Favonium spectavit, aliis bonus nullus erit,
Cato, R. R. 6; Varr. R. R. 1, 24:(mons) quia pecori bonus alendo erat,
Liv. 29, 31; 9, 10.—By ad and acc.:refert et ad quam rem bona aut non bona sit,
Varr. R. R. 1, 91:occasio quaeritur idoneane fuerit ad rem adoriendam, an alia melior,
Auct. Her. 2, 4, 7:non campos modo militi Romano ad proelium bonos, etc.,
Tac. A. 2, 14. -
6 bonus
bŏnus (old form dŭonus, Carm. Sall. ap. Varr. L. L. 7, § 26 Mull.; cf. Paul. ex Fest. p. 67 Mull.), a, um, adj. [for duonus, cf. bellum, bis, and cf. root dvi-; hence deidô, deos], good; comp. melior, us [cf. Gr. mala, mallon], better; sup. optimus ( optumus, ante-class. and often class.) [root opof ops, opes; cf. copia, apiscor], best.I.Attributively.A.As adjunct of nouns denoting persons.1.Vir bonus.(α).A man morally good (kalos kagathos):(β).quoniam boni me viri pauperant, improbi alunt,
Plaut. Poen. 5, 4, 60:omnibus virtutibus instructos et ornatos tum sapientes, tum viros bonos dicimus,
Cic. Tusc. 5, 10, 28:ille vir bonus qui... intolerabili dolore lacerari potius quam aut officium prodat aut fidem,
id. Ac. 2, 8, 23:sive vir bonus est is qui prodest quibus potest, nocet nemini, certe istum virum bonum non facile reperimus,
id. Off. 3, 15, 64:qui se ita gerunt ut eorum probitas, fides, integritas, etc.... hos viros bonos... appellandos putemus,
id. Lael. 5, 19:non intellegunt se de callido homine loqui, non de bono viro,
id. Att. 7, 2, 4:ut quisque est vir optimus, ita difficillime esse alios improbos suspicatur,
id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 4, § 12:nec enim melior vir fuit Africano quisquam, nec clarior,
id. Lael. 2, 6; id. Leg. 1, 14, 41; 1, 18, 48; id. Planc. 4, 9; id. Par. 3, 1, 21; id. Marcell. 6, 20; id. Fam. 7, 21; id. Off. 2, 16, 57.—An honest man:(γ).justitia, ex qua viri boni nominantur,
Cic. Off. 1, 7, 21; 1, 44, 155; 2, 11, 39; 2, 12, 42; 2, 20, 71;3, 12, 50: cum is sponsionem fecisset ni vir bonus esset,
id. ib. 3, 19, 77:quoniam Demosthenes nec vir bonus esset, nec bene meritus de civitate,
id. Opt. Gen. 7, 20; cf. id. Rosc. Am. 40, 116.—A man of good standing in the community:(δ).id viri boni arbitratu deducetur,
Cato, R. R. 143; so id. ib. 149:tuam partem viri bono arbitratu... dari oportet,
Dig. 17, 1, [p. 244] 35;37, 6, 2, § 2: quem voles virum bonum nominato,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 25, § 55:vir bonus est... quo res sponsore, et quo causae teste tenentur,
Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 40.—Hence, ironically of wealthy men:praetores jus dicunt, aediles ludos parant, viri boni usuras perscribunt,
Cic. Att. 9, 12, 3.—Ironically of bad men:(ε).sed eccum lenonem Lycum, bonum virum,
Plaut. Poen. 5, 5, 52; Ter. Eun. 5, 3, 9; 4, 3, 18; id. Ad. 3, 4, 30:expectabam quinam isti viri boni testes hujus manifesto deprehensi veneni dicerentur,
Cic. Cael. 26, 63:nam socer ejus, vir multum bonus est,
id. Agr. 3, 3, 13;so especially in addresses (mostly comic.): age tu, illuc procede, bone vir!
Plaut. Capt. 5, 2, 1; id. Curc. 5, 2, 12; id. Ps. 4, 7, 48; id. Pers. 5, 2, 11; Ter. And. 3, 5, 10; 5, 2, 5; id. Ad. 4, 2, 17; id. Eun. 5, 2, 11:quid tu, vir optime? Ecquid habes quod dicas?
Cic. Rosc. Am. 36, 104.—Sometimes boni viri = boni, in the sense of optimates (v. I. A. 3.):(ζ).bonis viris quid juris reliquit tribunatus C. Gracchi?
Cic. Leg. 3, 9, 20.—As a conventional courtesy:2.homines optimi non intellegunt, etc.,
Cic. Fin. 1, 7, 25:bone accusator,
id. Rosc. Am. 21, 58:sic illum amicum vocasti, quomodo omnes candidatos bonos viros dicimus,
gentlemen, Sen. Ep. 3, 1.—For bonus vir, a good husband, v. 3.; and for vir optimus, as a laudatory epithet, v. 5.—Boni homines (rare) = boni, better classes of society, v. II. A. 3:3.in foro infimo boni homines atque dites ambulant,
Plaut. Curc. 4, 1, 14.—With nouns denoting persons in regard to their functions, offices, occupations, and qualities, denoting excellence:4.bonus consul,
Liv. 4, 40, 6; 22, 39, 2 (different: consules duos, bonos quidem, sed dumtaxat bonos, amisimus, consuls of good sentiments, almost = bad consuls, Cic. ad Brut. 1, 3, 4):boni tribuni plebis,
Cic. Phil. 1, 10, 25:bonus senator,
id. Prov. Cons. 15, 37:senator bonus,
id. Dom. 4, 8:bonus judex,
id. Verr. 2, 4, 15, § 34:bonus augur (ironically),
id. Phil. 2, 32, 80:bonus vates,
Plaut. Mil. 3, 3, 27:bonus imperator,
Sall. C. 60, 4:bonus dux,
Quint. 12, 1, 43 (cf. trop.:naturam, optimam ducem,
the best guide, Cic. Sen. 2, 5):bonus miles,
Sall. C. 60, 4; Sen. Vit. Beat. 15, 5:bonus orator,
Cic. Fin. 1, 3, 10:optimus orator,
id. Opt. Gen. 1, 3:poeta bonus,
id. de Or. 1, 3, 11; 2, 46, 194; id. Fin. 1, 3, 10:scriptor bonus,
Quint. 10, 1, 104:bonus advocatus,
id. 5, 13, 10:bonus defensor,
id. 5, 13, 3:bonus altercator,
a good debater, id. 6, 4, 10:bonus praeceptor,
id. 5, 13, 44; 10, 5, 22:bonus gubernator,
Cic. Ac. 2, 31, 100:optimus opifex,
Hor. S. 1, 3, 133:sutor bonus,
id. ib. 1, 3, 125:actor optimus,
Cic. Sest. 57, 122:cantor optimus est modulator,
Hor. S. 1, 3, 130:melior gladiator,
Ov. Tr. 4, 6, 33: agricola (colonus, dominus) bonus, Cato, R. R. prooem.; Cic. Sen. 16, 56:bonus paterfamilias,
a thrifty head of the house, Nep. Att. 13, 1:bonus servus,
Plaut. Trin. 4, 3, 58; id. Am. 2, 1, 46; id. Men. 5, 6, 1; Cic. Mil. 22, 58:dominus bonus,
Cato, R. R. 14:bonus custos,
Plaut. Truc. 4, 3, 38.—Ironically, Ter. Phorm. 2, 1, 57:filius bonus,
Plaut. Am. 3, 4, 9:patres,
Quint. 11, 3, 178:parens,
id. 6, prooem. 4: bonus (melior, optimus), viz. a good husband, Cic. Inv. 1, 31, 51 sq.; Liv. 1, 9, 15:uxor melior,
Cic. Inv. 1, 31, 52:amicus,
id. Fam. 2, 15, 3:amicus optimus,
Plaut. Cas. 3, 3, 18:optimus testis,
Cic. Fam. 7, 27, 2:auctor, in two senses,
good authority, id. Att. 5, 12, 3;and = bonus scriptor (post-class.),
Quint. 10, 1, 74.—Esp.:bonus civis (rarely civis bonus): in re publica ea velle quae tranquilla et honesta sint: talem enim solemus et sentire bonum civem et dicere, Cic.-Off. 1, 34, 124: eaque est summa ratio et sapientia boni civis, commoda civium non divellere, atque omnes aequitate eadem continere,
id. ib. 2, 23, 83:eum esse civem et fidelem et bonum,
Plaut. Pers. 1, 2, 15; Cic. Fam. 2, 8, 2; 1, 9, 10; 3, 12, 1; 6, 6, 11; id. Off. 1, 44, 155; Liv. 22, 39, 3; Sall. H. Fragm. 1, 10 Dietsch:optimus et fortissimus civis,
Cic. Fam. 12, 2, 3; id. Sest. 17, 39.—Bonus and optimus as epithets of the gods.(α).In gen.:(β).sed te bonus Mercurius perdat,
Plaut. Cas. 2, 3, 23:fata... bonique divi,
Hor. C. 4, 2, 38:divis orte bonis,
id. ib. 4, 5, 1:O bone deus!
Scrib. Comp. 84 fin.: BONORVM DEORVM, Inscr. ap. Cic. N. D. 3, 34, 84: totidem, pater optime, dixi, Tu mihi da cives, referring to Jupiter, Ov. M. 7, 627.—Optimus Maximus, a standing epithet of Jupiter:(γ).(Juppiter) a majoribus nostris Optimus Maximus (nominatur), et quidem ante optimus, id est beneficentissimus, quam Maximus,
Cic. N. D. 2, 25, 64:Jovem optimum et maximum ob eas res appellant, non quod, etc.,
id. ib. 3, 36, 87:in templo Jovis Optimi Maximi,
id. Sest. 56, 129; id. Prov. Cons. 9, 22:nutu Jovis Optimi Maximi,
id. Cat. 3, 9, 21; Liv. 1, 12, 7; id. 6, 16, 2.—Di boni, O di boni, expressing indignation, sorrow, or surprise:(δ).di boni, hunc visitavi antidhac!
Plaut. Ep. 4, 1, 16:di boni, boni quid porto!
Ter. And. 2, 2, 1:di boni, quid hoc morbi est,
id. Eun. 2, 1, 19; id. Heaut. 2, 3, 13; id. Ad. 3, 3, 86:alter, O di boni, quam taeter incedebat!
Cic. Sest. 8, 19; id. Brut. 84, 288; id. Phil. 2, 8, 20; 2, 32, 80; id. Att. 1, 16, 5; 14, 21, 2; Val. Max. 3, 5, 1; Sen. Vit. Beat. 2, 3.—Bona Dea, etc., v. 6.—5.Optimus as a laudatory epithet.(α).Vir optimus:(β).per vos nobis, per optimos viros optimis civibus periculum inferre conantur,
Cic. Sest. 1, 2:virum optimum et constantissimum M. Cispium,
id. ib. 35, 76:fratrem meum, virum optimum, fortissimum,
id. ib.:consolabor hos praesentes, viros optimos,
id. Balb. 19, 44; id. Planc. 21, 51; 23, 55; id. Mil. 14, 38; id. Marcell. 4, 10; id. Att. 5, 1, 5; Hor. S. 1, 6, 53.—Femina bona, optima:(γ).tua conjunx bona femina,
Cic. Phil. 3, 6, 16:hujus sanctissimae feminae atque optimae pater,
id. ib. —Senex, pater, frater, etc.:(δ).optimus: parentes ejus, prudentissimi atque optimi senis,
Cic. Planc. 41, 97:insuevit pater optimus hoc me,
Hor. S. 1, 4, 105; 2, 1, 12:C. Marcelli, fratris optimi,
Cic. Fam. 4, 7, 6; id. Q. Fr. 2, 6 (8), 2; 2, 4, 2.—With proper names ( poet.):(ε).optimus Vergilius,
Hor. S. 1, 6, 54:Maecenas optimus,
id. ib. 1, 5, 27:optime Quinti,
id. Ep. 1, 16, 1.—Esp. as an epithet of the Roman emperors:6.quid tam civile, tam senatorium quam illud, additum a nobis Optimi cognomen?
Plin. Pan. 2, 7:gratias, inquit, ago, optime Princeps!
Sen. Tranq. 14. 4:ex epistula optimi imperatoris Antonini,
Gai. Inst. 1, 102; cf.:bene te patriae pater optime Caesar,
Ov. F. 2, 637:optime Romulae Custos gentis,
Hor. C. 4, 5, 1.—Bonus and Bona, names of deities.(α).Bona Dea, the goddess of Chastity, whose temple could not be entered by males (cf. Macr. S. 1, 12; Lact. 1, 22):(β).Bonae Deae pulvinaribus,
Cic. Pis. 39, 95; id. Mil. 31, 86; id. Fam. 1, 9, 15; cf.in mal. part.,
Juv. 2, 86 sq.; 6, 314 sq.; 6, 335 sq.—Bonus Eventus, Varr. R. R. 1, 1 med.; Amm. 29, 6, 19; Inscr. Orell. 907; 1780 sq.—(γ).Bona Fortuna:(δ).si bona Fortuna veniat, ne intromiseris,
Plaut. Aul. 1, 3, 22:Bonae Fortunae (signum),
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 3, § 7:FORTVNAE BONAE DOMESTICAE,
Inscr. Orell. 1743 sq. —Bona Spes:(ε).Spes Bona, obsecro, subventa mihi,
Plaut. Rud. 1, 4, 12:BONAE SPEI,
Aug. Inscr. Grut. 1075, 1.—BONA MENS, Inscr. Orell. 1818 sqq.:B.Mens Bona, si qua dea es, tua me in sacraria dono,
Prop. 3, 24, 19.With nouns denoting things.1.Things concrete, denoting excellence:2.navis bona dicitur non quae pretiosis coloribus picta est... sed stabilis et firma,
Sen. Ep. 76, 13:gladium bonum dices, non cui auratus est balteus, etc., sed cui et ad secandum subtilis acies est, et, etc.,
id. ib. 76, 14:id vinum erit lene et bono colore,
Cato, R. R. 109; Lucr. 2, 418; Ov. Am. 2, 7, 9:tabulas... collocare in bono lumine,
Cic. Brut. 75, 261: ex quavis olea oleum... bonum fieri potest. Cato, R. R. 3:per aestatem boves aquam bonam et liquidam bibant semper curato,
id. ib. 73; cf.:bonae aquae, ironically compared to wine,
Prop. 2, 33 (3, 31), 28:praedium bonum caelum habeat,
good temperature, Cato, R. R. 1:bona tempestate,
in good weather, Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 2, 4:(praedium) solo bono valeat,
by good soil, Cato, R. R. 1:bonae (aedes) cum curantur male,
Plaut. Most. 1, 2, 24:villam bonam,
Cic. Off. 3, 13, 55:bonus pons,
Cat. 17, 5:scyphi optimi (= optime facti),
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 14, § 32:perbona toreumata,
id. ib. 2, 4, 18, §38: bona domicilia,
comfortable residences, id. N. D. 2, 37, 95:agrum Meliorem nemo habet,
Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 12:fundum meliorem,
Cic. Inv. 1, 31, 52: fundos optimos et fructuosissimos, id. Agr. 3, 4, 14:equus melior,
id. Inv. 1, 31, 52:bona cena,
Cat. 13, 3:boni nummi,
good, not counterfeit, Plaut. As. 3, 3, 144; Cic. Off. 3, 23, 91:super omnia vultus accessere boni,
good looks, Ov. M. 8, 678:mulier bona forma,
of a fine form, Ter. Heaut. 3, 2, 13:equus formae melioris,
Hor. S. 2, 7, 52:tam bona cervix, simul ac jussero, demetur,
fine, beautiful, Suet. Calig. 33:fruges bonae,
Cat. 34, 19:ova suci melioris,
of better flavor, Hor. S. 2, 4, 13.— Trop.:animus aequus optimum est aerumnae condimentum,
Plaut. Rud. 2, 3, 71: bona dextra, a lucky hand (cf.:bonum omen, 2. e.),
Quint. 6, 3, 69:scio te bona esse voce, ne clama nimis,
good, sound, loud voice, Plaut. Most. 3, 1, 43; so,bona firmaque vox,
Quint. 11, 3, 13.—Things abstract.a.Of physical well-being:b.ut si qui neget sine bona valetudine posse bene vivi,
Cic. Inv. 1, 51, 93; Sen. Vit. Beat. 22, 2; Lucr. 3, 102; Val. Max. 2, 5, 6; Quint. 10, 3, 26; 11, 2, 35 et saep.:non bonus somnus de prandio est,
Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 8:bona aetas,
prime of life, Cic. Sen. 14, 48:optima aetate,
id. Fam. 10, 3, 3.—Ironically:bona, inquis, aetate, etc.,
Sen. Ep. 76, 1.—Of the mind and soul:c.meliore esse sensu,
Cic. Sest. 21, 47:optima indoles,
id. Fin. 5, 22, 61:bona conscientia,
Quint. 6, 1, 33; 9, 2, 93; Sen. Vit. Beat. 20, 5:bono ingenio me esse ornatam quam auro multo mavolo,
with a good heart, Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 91; id. Stich. 1, 21, 59; Sall. C. 10, 5:mens melior,
Ter. Ad. 3, 3, 78; Cic. Phil. 3, 5, 13; Liv. 39, 16, 5; Sen. Ben. 1, 11, 4; id. Ep. 10, 4; Pers. 2, 8; Petr. 61.—Personified, Prop. 3 (4), 24, 19; Ov. Am. 1, 2, 31:duos optimae indolis filios,
Val. Max. 5, 7, 2; Sen. Ben. 6, 16, 6; Quint. 1, 2, 5:bonum consilium,
Plaut. Merc. 2, 3, 6; id. Rud. 4, 3, 18; Cic. Off. 1, 33, 121:bona voluntas,
a good purpose, Quint. 12, 11, 31:memoria bona,
Cic. Att. 8, 4, 2:bona ratio cum perdita... confligit,
id. Cat. 2, 11, 25:bonae rationes,
Ter. Ad. 5, 3, 50:pronuntiatio bona,
Auct. Her. 3, 15, 27.—Of moral relations:d.ego si bonam famam mihi servasso, sat ero dives,
Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 71; Cic. Sest. 66, 139; Liv. 6, 11, 7; Hor. S. 1, 2, 61 (cf. Cic. Att. 7, 26, 1;v. e. infra): si ego in causa tam bona cessi tribuni plebis furori,
Cic. Sest. 16, 36; id. Planc. 36, 87; Ov. M. 5, 220:fac, sis, bonae frugi sies,
of good, regular habits, Plaut. Curc. 4, 2, 35; id. Cas. 2, 4, 5; 2, 5, 19; id. Ps. 1, 5, 53; id. Truc. 1, 1, 13; id. Capt. 5, 2, 3 sq. (v. frux, II. B. 1. b.): vilicus disciplina bona utatur. Cato, R. R. 5:bona studia,
moral pursuits, Auct. Her. 4, 17, 25:quidquid vita meliore parasti,
Hor. S. 2, 3, 15: ad spem mortis melioris, an honorable death; so as an epithet of religious exercises:Juppiter, te bonas preces precor,
Cato, R. R. 134; 139.—Of external, artistic, and literary value and usefulness:e.bono usui estis nulli,
Plaut. Curc. 4, 2, 15:Optumo optume optumam operam das,
id. Am. 1, 1, 122:bonam dedistis mihi operam,
a valuable service to me, id. Poen. 2, 3, 70; 3, 6, 11; id. Pers. 4, 7, 11; id. Rud. 3, 6, 11 (in a different sense: me bona opera aut mala Tibi inventurum esse auxilium argentarium, by fair or unfair means, id. Ps. 1, 1, 102;v. e. infra): optima hereditas a patribus traditur liberis... gloria virtutis rerumque gestarum,
Cic. Off. 1, 33, 121:bonum otium,
valuable leisure, Sall. C. 4, 1:bonis versibus,
Cic. Ac. 2, 23, 74:versus meliores,
Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 81:meliora poemata,
Hor. A. P. 303:in illa pro Ctesiphonte oratione longe optima,
Cic. Or. 8, 26:optimas fabulas,
id. Off. 1, 31, 114:melius munus,
id. Ac. 1, 2, 7.—Favorable, prosperous, lucky, fortunate:f.de Procilio rumores non boni,
unfavorable rumors, Cic. Att. 4, 16, 5:bona de Domitio, praeclara de Afranio fama est,
about their success in the war, id. ib. 7, 26, 1:si fuisset in discipulo comparando meliore fortuna,
id. Pis. 29, 71; cf.fortuna optima esse,
to be in the best pecuniary circumstances, id. ad Brut. 1, 1, 2:occasio tam bona,
Plaut. Most. 2, 2, 9:senex est eo meliore condicione quam adulesoens cum, etc.,
Cic. Sen. 19, 68; id. Fam. 4, 32:bona navigatio,
id. N. D. 3, 34, 83;esp. in phrase bona spes.—Object.: ergo in iis adulescentibus bonam spem esse dicemus et magnam indolem quos, etc.,
Cic. Fin. 2, 35, 117.—Subject.:ego sum spe bona,
Cic. Fam. 12, 28, 3; id. Cat. 2, 11, 25; [p. 245] id. Att. 14, 1 a, 3; id. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 5, § 16:optima spe,
id. Fam. 12, 11, 2.—Pregn., = spes bonarum rerum, Sall. C. 21, 1;v. C. 1. c. infra: meliora responsa,
more favorable, Liv. 7, 21, 6:melior interpretatio,
Tac. H. 3, 65:cum laude et bonis recordationibus,
id. A. 4, 38:amnis Doctus iter melius,
i. e. less injurious, Hor. A. P. 68:omen bonum,
a good, lucky omen, Cic. Pis. 13, 31; cf.Liv. praef. § 13: melius omen,
Ov. F. 1, 221;optimum,
Cic. Fam. 3, 12, 2:bona scaeva,
Plaut. Stich. 5, 2, 24:auspicio optumo,
id. ib. 3, 2, 6; cf.:memini bene, sed meliore Tempore dicam = opportuniore tempore,
Hor. S. 1, 9, 68.—Of public affairs, si mihi bona re publica frui non licuerit, Cic. Mil. 34, 93:g.optima res publica,
id. Or. 1, 1, 1; id. Phil. 1, 8, 19:minus bonis temporibus,
id. Dom. 4, 8; so,optimis temporibus,
id. Sest. 3, 6:nostrae res meliore loco videbantur,
id. ad Brut. 1, 3, 1:lex optima,
id. Pis. 16, 37; id. Sest. 64, 137; id. Phil, 1, 8, 19.—Good = large, considerable:h.bono atque amplo lucro,
Plaut. Am. prol. 6:bona librorum copia,
Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 109; cf.:bona copia cornu,
Ov. M. 9, 88; v. bona pars, C. 8. g.—Noble; with genus, good family, noble extraction, honorable birth: quali me arbitraris genere prognatum? Eu. Bono, Plaut. Aul. 2, 2, 35; so id. Ep. 1, 2, 4; 2, 1, 3; id. Pers. 4, 4, 94:k.si bono genere natus sit,
Auct. Her. 3, 7, 13.—Referring to good-will, kindness, faithfulness, in certain phrases.(α).Bona venia or cum bona venia, with the kind permission of a person addressed, especially bona venia orare, expetere, etc.:(β).primum abs te hoc bona venia expeto,
Ter. Phorm. 2, 3, 31:bona tua venia dixerim,
Cic. Leg. 3, 15, 34:oravit bona venia Quirites, ne, etc.,
Liv. 7, 41, 3:obsecro vos.. bona venia vestra liceat, etc.,
id. 6, 40, 10:cum bona venia quaeso audiatis, etc.,
id. 29, 17, 6; Arn. c. Gent. 1, p. 5; cf.. sed des veniam bonus oro = venia bona oro,
Hor. S. 2, 4, 5.—Bona pax, without quarrelling:(γ).bona pax sit potius,
let us have no quarrel about that, Plaut. Pers. 2, 2, 7;so especially cum bona pace, or bona pace: Hannibal ad Alpis cum bona pace incolentium... pervenit,
without a difficulty with the inhabitants, Liv. 21, 32, 6; 21, 24, 5; 1, 24, 3; 28, 37, 4; 8, 15, 1; cf.: si bonam (pacem) dederitis, = a fair peace, under acceptable conditions, id. 8, 21, 4.—Amicitia bona = bona fide servata, faithful, undisturbed friendship:(δ).igitur amicitia Masinissae bona atque honesta nobis permansit,
Sall. J. 5, 5.—Bona societas, alliance:C.Segestes, memoria bonae societatis, impavidus,
Tac. A. 1, 58.In particular phrases.1.Bonae res.a.= Vitae commoda, comforts of life, abstract or concrete:b.concedatur bonis rebus homines morte privari,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 36, 87:optimis rebus usus est,
he had every most desirable thing, Nep. Att. 18, 1.—= Res secundae, opp. res adversae, prosperity:c.bonis rebus tuis, meas irrides malas,
Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 45:in bonis rebus,
Hor. C. 2, 3, 2. —Res bona = res familiaris bona, wealth ( poet.): in re bona esse, Laber. ap. Gell. 10, 17, 4.—Also an object of value:d.homines quibus mala abunde omnia erant, sed neque res neque spes bona ulla,
who had no property, nor the hope of any, Sall. C. 21, 1. —Costly things, articles of luxury:e.capere urbem in Arabia plenam bonarum rerum,
Plaut. Pers. 4, 3, 46; 4, 4, 82:nimium rei bonae,
id. Stich. 2, 3, 55:ignorantia bonarum rerum,
Nep. Ages. 8, 5 ' bonis rebus gaudere, Hor. S. 2, 6, 110:re bona copiosum esse,
Gell. 16, 19, 7.—Moral, morally good:f.illi cum res non bonas tractent,
Cic. Ac. 2, 33, 72:ut de virtutibus et vitiis, omninoque de bonis rebus et malis quaererent,
id. ib. 1, 4, 15:quid habemus in rebus bonis et malis explorati?
id. ib. 2, 42, 129; so id. Or. 1, 10, 42; id. Leg. 1, 22, 58:quae tamen omnia dulciora fuint et moribus bonis et artibus,
id. Sen. 18, 65.—In literary composition, important or interesting matter, subjects, or questions:2.res bonas verbis electis dictas quis non legat?
Cic. Fin. 1, 3, 8:studiis generorum, praesertim in re bona,
Plaut. Am. 8, 26.—Bonae artes.(α).A good, laudable way of dealing:(β).qui praeclari facinoris aut artis bonae famam quaerit,
Sall. C. 2, 9:huic bonae artes desunt, dolis atque fallaciis contendit,
id. ib. 11, 2:quod is bonarum artium cupiens erat,
Tac. A. 6, 46.—Liberal arts and sciences:3.litteris aut ulli bonae arti,
Quint. 12, 1, 7:conservate civem bonarum artium, bonarum partium, bonorum virorum,
Cic. Sest. 32, 77. —Esp.:optimae artes: optimarum artium scientia,
Cic. Fin. 1, 3, 4; id. Ac. 2, 1, 1; id. Cael. 10, 24; id. Marcell. 1, 4.—Bona fides, or fides bona.a.Good faith, i. e. conscious honesty in acts or words: qui nummos fide bona solvit, who pays (the price of labor) in good faith, i. e. as it is honestly earned, Cato, R. R. 14:b.dic, bona fide, tu id aurum non subripuisti?
Plaut. Aul. 4, 10, 46; 4, 10, 47; id. Capt. 4, 2, 111; id. Most. 3, 1, 137; id. Poen. 1, 3, 30; id. Pers. 4, 3, 16; id. Ps. 4, 6, 33:si tibi optima fide omnia concessit,
Cic. Rosc. Am. 49, 144; Quint. 10, 3, 23.—Hence, bonae fidei vir, a conscientious man, Quint. 10, 7, 1.—Jurid. t. t.(α).Good faith in contracts and legal acts in general, opposed to dolus malus, honesty and fairness in dealing with another:(β).ad fidem bonam statuit pertinere, notum esse emptori vitium quod nosset venditor,
Cic. Off. 3, 16, 67.—Hence, alienam rem bona fide emere, to buy, believing the seller to be the rightful owner, Dig. 41, 3, 10; 41, 3, 13, § 1. bonae fidei possessor (also possessio), believing that he is the rightful owner, ib. 5, 3, 25, § 11; 5, 3, 22; 41, 3, 15, § 2;41, 3, 24: conventio contra bonam fidem et mores bonos,
ib. 16, 31, § 7: bonam fidem praestare, to be responsible for one ' s good faith, ib. 17, 1, 10 prooem.—Hence,Bonae fidei actiones or judicia, actions in equity, i. e. certain classes of actions in which the strict civil law was set aside by the praetorian edict in favor of equity:4.actiones quaedam bonae fidei sunt, quaedam stricti juris. Bonae fidei sunt haec: exempto vendito, locato conducto, etc.,
Just. Inst. 4, 6, 28, § 19.—In the republican time the praetor added in such actions to his formula for the judex the words ex fide bona, or, in full:quidquid dare facere oportet ex fide bona,
Cic. Off. 3, 16, 66:iste dolus malus et legibus erat vindicatus, et sine lege, judiciis in quibus additur ex fide bona,
id. ib. 3, 15, 61; cf. id. ib. 3, 17, 70.—Bona verba.(α).Kind words:(β).Bona verba quaeso,
Ter. And. 1, 2, 33.—Words of good omen (v. omen):(γ).dicamus bona verba,
Tib. 2, 2, 1:dicite suffuso ter bona verba mero,
Ov. F. 2, 638.—Elegant or well-chosen expressions:(δ).quid est tam furiosum quam verborum vel optimorum atque ornatissimorum sonitus inanis,
Cic. Or. 1, 12, 51:verborum bonorum cursu,
id. Brut. 66, 233:omnia verba sunt alicubi optima,
Quint. 10, 1, 9.—Moral sayings:5.non est quod contemnas bona verba et bonis cogitationibus plena praecordia,
Sen. Vit. Beat. 20, 1. —Bona dicta.(α).Polite, courteous language:(β).hoc petere me precario a vobis jussit leniter dictis bonis,
Plaut. Am. prol. 25.—Witticisms ( bon-mots): flammam a sapiente facilius ore in ardente opprimi, quam bona dicta teneat, Enn. ap. Cic. Or. 2, 54, 222:6.dico unum ridiculum dictum de dictis melioribus quibus solebam menstruales epulas ante adipiscier,
Plaut. Capt. 3, 1, 22:ibo intro ad libros ut discam de dictis melioribus,
id. Stich. 2, 3, 75.—Bona facta.(α).= bene facta (v. bene, I. B. 2. b.), laudable deeds:(β).nobilitas ambobus et majorum bona facta (sc. erant),
Tac. A. 3, 40.—Bonum factum est, colloq., = bene est, bene factum est (v. bene, I. B. 2. b.):(γ).bonum factum est, ut edicta servetis mea,
Plaut. Poen. prol. 16:haec imperata quae sunt pro imperio histrico, bonum hercle factum (est) pro se quisque ut meminerit,
id. ib. 45.— Hence,Elliptically, introducing commands which cannot be enforced, = if you will do so, it will be well:7.peregrinis in senatum allectis, libellus propositus est: bonum factum, ne quis senatori novo curiam monstrare velit,
Suet. Caes. 80:et Chaldaeos edicere: bonum factum, ne Vitellius... usquam esset,
id. Vit. 14:hac die Carthaginem vici: bonum factum, in Capitolium eamus, et deos supplicemus,
Aur. Vict. 49; cf.:o edictum, cui adscribi non poterit bonum factum,
Tert. Pud. 1.—Bona gratia.(α).A friendly understanding:(β).cur non videmus inter nos haec potius cum bona Ut componantur gratia quam cum mala?
Ter. Phorm. 4, 3, 17; so,per gratiam bonam abire,
to part with good feelings, Plaut. Mil. 4, 3, 33.—In jest: sine bona gratia abire, of things cast away, Plaut Truc. 2, 7, 15.—Pleon., in the phrase bonam gratiam habere, = gratiam habere, to thank (v. B. 2. k.), Plaut. Rud. 2, 5, 32; id. Bacch. 4, 8, 99.—8.Bona pars.(α).The well-disposed part of a body of persons:(β).ut plerumque fit, major pars (i. e. of the senate) meliorem vicit,
Liv. 21, 4, 1:pars melior senatus ad meliora responsa trahere,
id. 7, 21, 6.—The good party, i. e. the optimates (gen. in plur.):(γ).civem bonarum partium,
Cic. Sest. 32, 77:(fuit) meliorum partium aliquando,
id. Cael. 6, 13:qui sibi gratiam melioris partis velit quaesitam,
Liv. 2, 44, 3.—Paronom.: (Roscius) semper partium in re publica tam quam in scaena optimarum, i. e. party and part in a drama, Cic. Sest. 56, 120.—Of things or persons, a considerable part (cf. a good deal):(δ).bonam partem ad te adtulit,
Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 43:bonam partem sermonis in hunc diem esse dilatam,
Cic. Or. 2, 3, 14:bonam magnamque partem exercitus,
Val. Max. 5, 2, ext. 4:bona pars noctium,
Quint. 12, 11, 19:bona pars hominum,
Hor. S. 1, 1, 61:meae vocis... bona pars,
id. C. 4, 2, 46; so id. A. P. 297; Ov. P. 1, 8, 74:melior pars diei,
Verg. A. 9, 156.—Rarely, and mostly eccl. Lat.: optima pars, the best part or lot:(ε).nostri melior pars animus est,
Sen. Q. N. 1, prooem. § 14; cf.:quae pars optima est in homine,
best, most valuable, Cic. Tusc. 5, 23, 67:major pars aetatis, certe melior reipublicae data sit,
Sen. Brev. Vit. 18, 1:Maria optimam partem elegit, quae non auferetur ab ea,
Vulg. Luc. 10, 42.—Adverb.:(ζ).bonam partem = ex magna parte,
Lucr. 6, 1249.—Aliquem in optimam partem cognoscere, to know somebody from his most favorable side, Cic. Off. 2, 13, 46: aliquid in optimam partem accipere, to take something in good part, interpret it most favorably:9.Caesar mihi ignoscit quod non venerim, seseque in optimam partem id accipere dicit,
id. Att. 10, 3 a, 2; id. ad Brut. 1, 2, 3:quaeso ut hoc in bonam partem accipias,
id. Rosc. Am. 16, 45.—Dies bonus or bona.(α).A day of good omen, a fortunate day (= dies laetus, faustus):(β).tum tu igitur die bono, Aphrodisiis, addice, etc.,
Plaut. Poen. 2, 49:nunc dicenda bona sunt bona verba die,
Ov. F. 1, 72.—A beautiful, serene day, Sen. Vit. Beat. 22, 3.—10.Bonus mos.(α).Boni mores, referring to individuals, good, decent, moral habits:(β).nihil est amabilius quam morum similitudo bonorum,
Cic. Off. 1, 17, 56:nam hic nimium morbus mores invasit bonos,
Plaut. Trin. 1, 1, 6:domi militiaeque boni mores colebantur,
Sall. C. 9, 1:propter ejus suavissimos et optimos mores,
Cic. Phil. 3, 5, 13:cum per tot annos matronae optimis moribus vixerint,
Liv. 34, 6, 9:mores meliores,
Plaut. Aul. 3, 5, 18.—Bonus mos or boni mores, in the abstract, morality, the laws, rules of morality: ei vos morigerari mos bonu'st, it is a rule of morality that you should, etc., Plaut. Capt. 2, 1, 4:11.ex optimo more et sanctissima disciplina,
Cic. Phil. 2, 28, 69:neglegentia boni moris,
Sen. Ep. 97, 1.—Jurid. t. t.:conventio, mandatum contra bonos mores,
in conflict with morality, Quint. 3, 1, 57; Dig. 16, 3, 1, § 7; Gai. Inst. 3, 157 et saep. —Adverbial phrases.a.Bono animo esse, or bonum animum habere.(α).To be of good cheer or courage:(β).bono animo es! Liberabit ille te homo,
Plaut. Merc 3, 1, 33; so id. Aul. 4, 10, 61; id. Mil. 4, 8, 32; id. Rud. 3, 3, 17; Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 4; id. Heaut. 4, 6, 18; id. Ad. 2, 4, 20; 3, 5, 1; 4, 2, 4; 4, 5, 62; id. Phorm. 5, 8, 72:animo bono es,
Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 103; id. Am. 2, 2, 48; 5, 2, 1:bono animo es, inquit Scrofa, et fiscinam expedi,
Varr. R. R. 1, 26:bono animo sint et tui et mei familiares,
Cic. Fam. 6, 18, 1; 6, 10, 29:bono animo esse jubere eam consul,
Liv. 39, 13, 7:habe modo bonum animum,
Plaut. Capt. 1, 2, 58; so id. Am. 1, 3, 47; id. Truc. 2, 6, 44; id. Aul. 2, 2, 15:habe animum bonum,
id. Cas. 2, 6, 35; id. Ep. 2, 2, 1; 4, 2, 31:bonum animum habe,
Liv. 45, 8, 5:clamor ortus ut bonum animum haberet,
id. 8, 32, 1; so Sen. Ep. 87, 38.—Bono animo esse, or facere aliquid, to be of a good or friendly disposition, or to do with good, honest intentions:(γ).audire jubet vos imperator histricus, bonoque ut animo sedeant in subselliis qui, etc.,
Plaut. Poen. prol. 5: sunt enim (consules) [p. 246] optimo animo, summo consilio, of the best disposition, Cic. Phil. 3, 1, 2:bono te animo tum populus Romanus... dicere existimavit ea quae sentiebatis, sed, etc.,
id. Imp. Pomp. 19, 56:quod nondum bono animo in populum Romanum viderentur,
Caes. B. G. 1, 6; Quint. 7, 4, 15.—Bonus animus, good temper, patience:b.bonus animus in mala re dimidium mali est,
Plaut. Ps. 1, 5, 37:vos etiam hoc animo meliore feratis,
Ov. M. 9, 433.—Bono modo.(α).= placide, with composure, moderation:(β).si quis quid deliquerit, pro noxa bono modo vindicet,
Cato, R. R. 5:haec tibi tam sunt defendenda quam moenia, mihi autem bono modo, tantum quantum videbitur,
Cic. Ac. 2, 44, 137.—In a decent manner:c.neu quisquam prohibeto filium quin amet... quod bono fiat modo,
Plaut. Merc. 5, 4, 62. —Jure optimo or optimo jure, with good, perfect right:II.te ipse jure optumo incuses licet,
Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 23; id. Rud. 2, 6, 53:ut jure optimo me deserere posses,
Cic. Fam. 3, 8, 6; Sen. Ot. Sap. 2 (29), 2.—With pass. or intr. verb, deservedly:ne jure optimo irrideamur,
Cic. Off. 1, 31, 111; cf. id. ib. 1, 42, 151; id. Marcell. 1, 4;similarly, optimo judicio,
Val. Max. 2, 9, 2.As subst.A.bŏnus, boni, m.; of persons.1.In sing. or plur. orig. = bonus vir, boni viri; v. I. A. 1. a. b, supra, a morally good man.(α).Plur.:(β).bonis quod bene fit haud perit,
Plaut. Rud. 4, 3, 2; id. Capt. 2, 2, 108; id. Trin. 2, 1, 55; id. Pers. 4, 5, 2:melius apud bonos quam apud fortunatos beneficium collocari puto,
Cic. Off. 2, 20, 71:verum esse ut bonos boni diligant, quamobrem... bonis inter bonos quasi necessariam (esse) benevolentiam,
id. Lael. 14, 50:diverso itinere malos a bonis loca taetra... habere,
Sall. C. 52, 13; 7, 2; 52, 22:oderunt peccare boni virtutis amore,
Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 52:tam bonis quam malis conduntur urbes,
Sen. Ben. 4, 28, 4; so id. Vit. Beat. 15, 6; Quint. 9, 2, 76.—Rarely bŏnae, arum, f., good women:quia omnes bonos bonasque adcurare addecet, etc.,
Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 41.—Sing.:2.malus bonum malum esse volt ut sit sui similis,
Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 8:nec enim cuique bono mali quidquam evenire potest,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 41, 99; cf.:qui meliorem audax vocet in jus,
Hor. S. 2, 5, 29.—Bonus, a man of honor.(α).A brave man:(β).pro qua (patria) quis bonus dubitet mortem oppetere si ei sit profuturus?
Cic. Off. 1, 17, 57:libertatem quam nemo bonus nisi cum anima simul amittat,
Sall. C. 33, 5:fortes creantur fortibus et bonis,
Hor. C. 4, 4, 29 (opp. ignavi):fama impari boni atque ignavi erant,
Sall. J. 57, 6; 53, 8; id. C. 11, 2. —A gentleman:3. (α).quis enim umquam, qui paululum modo bonorum consuetudinem nosset, litteras ad se ab amico missas... in medium protulit?
Cic. Phil. 2, 4, 7.—In gen. (of political sentiments, = optimates, opp. populares, seditiosi, perditi cives, etc.;(β).so usu. in Cic.): meam causam omnes boni proprie enixeque susceperant,
Cic. Sest. 16, 38:audaces homines et perditi nutu impelluntur... boni, nescio quomodo, tardiores sunt, etc.,
id. ib. 47, 100:ego Kal. Jan. senatum et bonos omnes legis agrariae... metu liberavi,
id. Pis. 2, 4:etenim omnes boni, quantum in ipsis fuit, Caesarem occiderunt,
id. Phil. 2, 13, 29; id. Fam. 5, 2, 8; 5, 21, 2; id. Sest. 2, 5; 16, 36; 48, 103; id. Planc. 35, 86; id. Mil. 2, 5; id. Off. 2. 12, 43:maledictis increpat omnes bonos,
Sall. C. 21, 4; 19, 2; 33, 3; Hirt. B. G. 8, 22; so,optimi,
Cic. Leg. 3, 17, 37; and, ironically, boni identified with the rich:bonorum, id est lautorum et locupletum,
id. Att. 8, 1, 3.—Without reference to political views;4.opp. vulgus (rare): nihil ego istos moror fatuos mores quibus boni dedecorant se,
Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 22:semper in civitate quibus opes nullae sunt bonis invident,
Sall. C. 37, 3:elatus est sine ulla pompa funeris, comitantibus omnibus bonis, maxima vulgi frequentia,
Nep. Att. 22, 2.—So, mĕlĭōres, um, m., one ' s betters:ut quaestui habeant male loqui melioribus,
Plaut. Poen. 3, 3, 13:da locum melioribus,
Ter. Phorm. 3, 2, 37.—Boni, bone, in addresses, as an expression of courtesy, Hor. S. 2, 2, 1; 2, 6, 51; 2, 6, 95; id. Ep. 2, 2, 37; ironice, id. S. 2, 3, 31.—5.Optimus quisque = quivis bonus, omnes boni.(α).Referring to morality:(β).esse aliquid natura pulcrum quod optimus quisque sequeretur,
every good man, Cic. Sen. 13, 43:qui ita se gerebant ut sua consilia optimo cuique probarent, optimates habebantur,
id. Sest. 45, 96; id. Off. 1, 43, 154; id. Fin. 1, 7, 24; id. Sest. 54, 115; and = even the best:quare deus optimum quemque mala valetudine adficit?
Sen. Prov. 4, 8.—Of the educated classes:(γ). (δ).adhibenda est quaedam reverentia adversus homines, et optimi cujusque et reliquorum,
Cic. Off. 1, 28, 99; cf. id. ib. 1, 25, 85:Catilina plerisque consularibus, praeterea optumo cuique, litteras mittit,
Sall. C. 34, 2:optimo cuique infesta libertas,
Sen. Ot. Sap. 8, 2 (32 fin.).—In gen., excellent:(ε).optimus quisque facere quam dicere... malebat,
Sall. C. 8, 5.—Distributively:(ζ).ita imperium semper ad optumum quemque a minus bono transfertur,
to the best man in each instance, Sall. C. 2, 6.—Referring to another superlative ( = quo quisque melior eo magis, etc.):(η).hic aditus laudis qui semper optimo cuique maxime patuit,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 1, 1; so id. Lael. 4, 14; id. Inv. 2, 11, 36; Sen. Vit. Beat. 18, 1.—Attributively, with a noun:2. 1.optimam quamque causam,
Cic. Sest. 43, 93:optima quaeque dies,
Verg. G. 3, 66.Bonum, or plur. bona, a good, or goods in a moral and metaphysical sense, a moral good, a blessing: sunt autem hae de finibus defensae sententiae: nihil bonum nisi honestum, ut Stoici; nihil bonum nisi voluptatem, ut Epicurus;2.nihil bonum nisi vacuitatem doloris, ut Hieronymus... tria genera bonorum, maxima animi, secunda corporis, externa tertia, ut Peripatetici, etc.,
Cic. Tusc. 5, 30, 84 sq.:quid est igitur bonum? Si quid recte fit et honeste et cum virtute, id bene fieri vere dicitur, et quod rectum et honestum et cum virtute est, id solum opinor bonum,
id. Par. 1, 1, 9:ut quis intellegat, quid sit illud simplex et verum bonum quod non possit ab honestate sejungi,
id. Ac. 1, 2, 7:non-est igitur voluptas bonum,
id. Fin. 1, 11, 39: finis bonorum et malorum (telos agathôn) = summa bona et mala:sunt nonnullae disciplinae quae, propositis bonorum et malorum finibus, officium omne pervertant. Nam qui summum bonum sic instituit ut, etc.,
id. Off. 1, 2, 5; cf. id. Par. 1, 3, 14; id. Ac. 2, 9, 29; 2, 36, 114; 2, 42, 129; id. Fin. 1, 9, 29; 1, 12, 42; id. Tusc. 4, 31, 66; Sen. Vit. Beat. 24, 5; id. Ep. 117, 1 et saep.—Bonum, what is valuable, beneficial, estimable, favorable, pleasant, physically or mentally:3.quoi boni Tantum adfero quantum ipsus a diis optat,
Plaut. Capt. 4, 1, 9:multa bona vobis volt facere,
will do you much good, id. Poen. 5, 4, 60; id. Am. prol. 43, 49; id. Pers. 4, 8, 4; 2, 3, 14; id. Cas. 2, 8, 32:tum demum nostra intellegemus bona quom ea amisimus,
id. Capt. 1, 2, 33:multa tibi di dent bona,
id. Poen. 1, 1, 80; cf. id. ib. 3, 3, 54; 3, 3, 74; id. Mil. 3, 1, 120; id. Men. 3, 3, 34; id. Pers. 4, 3, 23; id. Truc. 1, 2, 23; id. Merc. 1, 2, 40; id. Most. 1, 1, 47:omnia Bona dicere,
to speak in the highest terms of one, Ter. And. 1, 1, 70:sed ne vivus quidem bono caret, si eo non indiget,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 36, 88:cum quaecumque bona Peripateticis, eadem Stoicis commoda viderentur,
id. ib. 5, 41, 120:nihil enim boni nosti,
nothing that is good for any thing, id. Phil. 2, 7, 16:mala pro bonis legere dementia est,
Sen. Vit. Beat. 6, 1; Val. Max. 5, 3, ext. 3 fin.; Hor. S. 1, 2, 73:quia bonum sit valere,
a good thing, Cic. Fin. 4, 23, 62 (cf. III. A. 5. infra):melius: quo quidem haud scio an... quidquam melius sit homini a dis immortalibus datum,
id. Lael. 6, 20:meliora... Aristotelem de istis rebus scripsisse,
id. Or. 1, 10, 43:optimum: difficillimum est formam exponere optimi,
id. ib. 11, 36.— Here belongs the phrase boni consulere;v. consulo.—So after prepositions: in bonum vertere, v. under verto: in melius ire,
to change for the better, Tac. A. 12, 68.—In the same sense: in melius aliquid referre, or reflectere ( poet.), Verg. A. 1, 281; 11, 426; 10, 632:ad melius transcurrere,
to pass over to something better, Hor. S. 2, 2, 82.—Bonum or bona, prosperity:4.fortiter malum qui patitur, idem post patitur bonum,
Plaut. As. 2, 2, 58:nulli est homini perpetuum bonum,
id. Curc. 1, 3, 33:unā tecum bona, mala tolerabimus,
Ter. Phorm. 3, 3, 23:quibus in bonis fuerint et nunc quibus in malis sint, ostenditur ( = in secundis, in adversis rebus),
Cic. Inv. 1, 55, 107.—Good qualities, gifts:5.omnia adsunt bona, quem penes'st virtus,
Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 30:magnis illi et divinis bonis hanc licentiam adsequebantur,
Cic. Off. 1, 41, 148:nisi qui se suā gravitate et castimoniā... tum etiam naturali quodam bono defenderet, etc.,
id. Cael. 5, 11:hunc meā sententiā divinis quibusdam bonis instructum atque ornatum puto,
id. ib. 17, 39:non intellego quod bonum cuiquam sit apud tales viros profuturum,
id. Balb. 28, 63:gaude isto tuo tam excellenti bono,
id. Marcell. 6, 19; so id. Imp. Pomp. 16, 49.—Advantage, benefit:6.si plus adipiscare, re explicatā, boni, quam addubitatā mali,
Cic. Off. 1, 24, 83:saepe cogitavi bonine an mali plus adtulerit... eloquentiae studium,
id. Inv. 1, 1, 1; 2, 35, 106; id. Off. 2, 2, 5; id. Sest. 10, 24:maximum bonum in celeritate ponebat,
Sall. C. 43, 4; so, bono publico (abl.), for the public good:hoc ita si fit, publico fiat bono,
Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 183; Liv. 2, 44, 3; Dig. 41, 3, 1.—With aequum, what is fair and good, the fair ( thing), fairness, equity:7. a.si bonum aequomque oras,
Plaut. Most. 3, 1, 149; so id. Pers. 3, 1, 71; id. Rud. 1, 2, 94; id. Men. 4, 2, 11:si tu aliquam partem aequi bonique dixeris,
Ter. Phorm. 4, 3, 32; id. Heaut. 4, 1, 29; id. Ad. 1, 1, 39:a quo vivo nec praesens nec absens quidquam aequi bonique impetravit,
Cic. Phil. 2, 37, 94.—Hence, aequo et bono, or ex aequo et bono, in ( with) fairness, in equity, Ter. Ad. 5, 9, 30; Auct. Her. 2, 10, 14; 2, 12, 18; 2, 13, 20; Gai. Inst. 3, 137: aequi bonique, as gen. of value, with facere:istuc, Chreme, Aequi bonique facio,
I place a fair and proper value on it, Ter. Heaut. 4, 5, 40.—In gen.:b.paterna oportet reddi filio bona,
Plaut. Poen. 5, 2, 120:bona sua med habiturum omnia,
id. Truc. 2, 4, 49; cf. id. ib. 2, 7, 6; 4, 2, 29; id. Rud. 2, 6, 22; id. Most. 1, 3, 77; id. Trin. 4, 4, 3; Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 4:bona mea diripiebantur atque ad consulem deferebantur,
Cic. Sest. 24, 54:cum de capite, civis et de bonis proscriptio ferretur,
id. ib. 30, 65:bona, fortunas, possessiones omnium,
id. Caecin. 13, 38:at mulctantur bonis exsules,
id. Tusc. 5, 37, 106; id. Off. 2, 23, 81; id. Par. 1, 1, 7; id. Sest. 19, 42; 43, 94; 52, 111; id. Phil. 2, 26, 64; Caes. B. G. 7, 3; Liv. 2, 3, 5; 2, 5, 5; 4, 15, 8; Tac. A. 2, 48; Quint. 6, 1, 19 et saep.—Bonorum possessio, the possession of one ' s property by another.(α).Bonorum possessio in consequence of bonorum cessio, i. e. an assignment of one ' s property for the benefit of creditors, Dig. 42, tit. 3.—(β).Bonorum possessio granted by the prætor against a contumacious or insolvent debtor (in bona mittere, in bona ire jubere, bona possidere jubere, etc.); cf. Dig. 42, tit. 4:(γ).postulat a Burrieno Naevius ut ex edicto bona possidere liceat,
Cic. Quint. 6, 25, and the whole of c. 8:edixit... neu quis militis... bona possideret aut venderet,
Liv. 2, 24, 6:bona proscribere,
to offer the property thus transferred for sale, Cic. Quint. 6, 25.—Chiefly referring to the property of a defunct person (hereditas), where the prætor, till the heir had proved his right, granted a bonorum possessio secundum tabulas or contra tabulas, Dig. 37, tit. 4; 37, tit. 11.—c.In bonis esse;III.with reference to the older civil law, which distinguished between civil property (habere rem ex jure Quiritium) and natural property (rem in bonis habere, res in bonis est),
Gai. Inst. 2, 40, 41; Dig. 40, 12, 38, § 2; 37, 6, 2, § 1; 37, 6, 3, § 2; ib. Fragm. 1, 16; Gai. Inst. 1, 22; 1, 35; 1, 222; 1, 167; Dig. 1, 8, 1; 27, 10, 10:neque bonorum possessorum, neque... res pleno jure fiunt, sed in bonis efficiuntur,
ib. Fragm. 3, 80.—Hence, nullam omnino arbitrabamur de eā hereditate controversiam eum habiturum, et est hodie in bonis, i. e. [p. 247] the bonorum possessio has been granted to him, which did not give full ownership, but effected only that the hereditas was in bonis. Cic. Fam. 13, 30, 1.Predicative use.A.With nouns or pronouns as subjects.1.Bonum esse, to be morally good, honest:2.nunc mihi bonae necessum est esse ingratiis, Quamquam esse nolo,
Plaut. Cist. 2, 3, 82:bonam ego quam beatam me esse nimio dici mavolo,
id. Poen. 1, 2, 93; so id. Capt. 2, 1, 44; id. Men. 4, 2, 6; id. Rud. prol. 29:itaque viros fortes magnanimos eosdem, bonos et simplices... esse volumus,
Cic. Off. 1, 19, 63; cf. id. ib. 3, 21, 84; id. Att. 15, 6, 1:Cato esse quam videri bonus malebat,
Sall. C. 54, 5:ut politiora, non ut meliora fiant ingenia,
Val. Max. 5, 4, ext. 5 fin. —To be beneficial, prosperous, advantageous, valuable, favorable, serviceable, correct, with reference to both persons and things as subjects, and in regard to physical and mental relations:3.jam istuc non bonumst,
Plaut. Merc. 2, 2, 29; Cato, R. R. 157:oleum viridius et melius fiet,
id. ib. 3:vinum ut alvum bonam faciat,
to correct the bowels, id. ib. 156:quid est homini salute melius?
Plaut. As. 3, 3, 127:non optuma haec sunt, verum meliora quam deterruma,
id. Trin. 2, 3, 1:quid est quod huc possit quod melius sit accedere?
Cic. Fin. 1, 12, 41; 1, 18, 57; id. Tusc. 1, 41, 99:in quo (vestitu), sicut in plerisque rebus, mediocritas optima est,
id. Off. 1, 36, 130; 2, 17, 59; id. Inv. 1, 31, 51; id. Or. 2, 6; 11, 36:meliorem tamen militem... in futura proelia id certamen fecit,
Liv. 2, 51, 3:parvus ut est cygni melior canor, ille gruum quam Clamor,
Lucr. 4, 181; 4, 191:si meliora dies, ut vina, poemata reddit,
Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 34.—So in the optative formula:quod bonum, faustum, felixque sit,
Liv. 1, 28, 7; 1, 17, 10; 39, 15, 1; 3, 54;3, 34.—Also, quod bonum atque fortunatum mihi sit,
Plaut. Cas. 2, 6, 50;and with a noun as subject: ut nobis haec habitatio Bona, fausta, felix, fortunataque evenat,
Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 3.—To be kind:4.bonus cum probis'st (erus), malus cum malis,
Plaut. Most. 4, 1, 22:hic si vellet bonus ac benignus Esse,
Hor. S. 1, 2, 52.—With reference to the gods:B.ecastor ambae (Fortuna et Salus sunt bonae,
Plaut. As. 3, 3, 129:Palladis aut oculos ausa negare bonos (esse),
Prop. 3, 24, 12 (2, 28, 12).—Impers.1.Bonum est (very rare for the class. bene est; v. bene).(α). (β).With subject inf.:2.nam et stulte facere, et stulte fabularier in aetate haud bonum est,
Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 61:bonum est pauxillum amare, insane non bonum est,
id. Curc. 1, 3,20.—Melius est.(α).With subject inf.:(β).melius sanam est mentem sumere,
Plaut. Men. 5, 2, 51:nihil sentire est melius quam tam prava sentire,
Cic. Ac. 2, 40, 125; cf. id. Fin. 1, 19, 62; id. Off. 1, 43, 156; so,melius fuit, fuisset, or fuerat,
it would have been better, id. N. D. 3, 33; id. Sen. 23, 82; id. Off. 3, 25, 94:proinde quiesse erit melius,
Liv. 3, 48, 3; 3, 41, 3; Verg. A. 11, 303.—With subject inf.-clause:(γ).meliu'st te quae sunt mandata tibi praevortier,
Plaut. Merc. 2, 3, 125; id. Men. 5, 9, 32.—With ut-clause:(δ).quid melius quam ut hinc intro abeam et me suspendam clanculum,
Plaut. Rud. 4, 4, 145; so id. Ps. 4, 7, 18.—With subjectclause in the subjunctive:3.nunc quid mihi meliu'st quam ilico hic opperiar erum,
Plaut. Rud. 2, 2, 22.—Optimum est.(α).With subject inf.:(β).optimum visum est, captivos quam primum deportare,
Liv. 23, 34, 8:si quis dicit optimum esse navigare,
Sen. Ot. Sap. 8, 4 (32 fin.); so, optimum fuit, it would have been better, and optimum erat, it would be better, Quint. 6, prooem. 3; 11, 2, 33; Hor. S. 2, 1, 7.—With inf.-clause:(γ).constituerunt optimum esse, domum suam quemque reverti,
Caes. B. G. 2, 10: optimum visum est, in fluctuantem aciem tradi equos, etc., Liv 6, 24, 10; 22, 27, 6.—With ut and subj:(δ).hoc vero optimum, ut is qui, etc., id ultimum bonorum, id ipsum quid et quale sit nesciat,
Cic. Fin. 2, 3, 6.—With quod:(ε).illa vero optima (sunt) quod cum Haluntium venisset Archagathum vocari jussit,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 23, § 51:optimum vero (est) quod dictaturae nomen in perpetuum de re publica sustulisti,
id. Phil. 2, 36, 91.—With second sup., in the phrase optumum factu est (where factu is redundant):IV.sed hoc mihi optumum factu arbitror,
Plaut. Stich. 1, 2, 16:optimum factu esse duxerant frumento... nostros prohibere,
Caes. B. G. 4, 30:optumum factu credens exercitum augere,
Sall. C. 32, 1 (Kritz, factum); 57, 5 (Kritz, factum).Ellipt. use: di meliora, i. e. dent or velint, i. e. let the gods grant better things than what you say, etc.; God forbid! in full:V.di melius duint,
Ter. Phorm. 5, 9, 16:di meliora velint!
Ov. M. 7, 37.—Ellipt.:di meliora! inquit,
Cic. Sen. 14, 47:id ubi mulier audivit, perturbata, dii meliora inquit, etc.,
Liv. 39, 10, 2; 9, 9, 6; Verg. G. 3, 513;similarly, di melius, i. e. fecerunt,
Val. Max. 6, 1, ext. 3.With object expressed,1.By dat.(α).= good, useful, beneficial for:(β).ambula, id lieni optumum est,
Plaut. Curc. 2, 1, 25:quia vobis eadem quae mihi bona malaque esse intellexi,
Sall. C. 20, 3:bona bello Cornus, jaculis, etc.,
Verg. G. 2, 447.—= benignus or propitius, kind to:(γ).vicinis bonus esto,
Cato, R. R. 4:bene merenti mala es, male merenti bona es,
Plaut. As. 1, 2, 3:vos o mihi Manes, Este boni,
Verg. A. 12, 647.—= idoneus, fit for, adapted to:(δ).qui locus vino optimus dicetur esse,
Cato, R. R. 6:tum erit ei rei optumum tempus,
id. ib. 26:terra cui putre solum, Optima frumentis,
Verg. G. 2, 205; 2, 319; 1, 286.—With sum and dat., in the phrase alicui bono est, it is of service to one, profits him:(ε).accusant in quibus occidi patrem Sex. Roscii bono fuit,
Cic. Rosc. Am. 5, 13:bono fuisse Romanis adventum eorum constabat,
Liv. 7, 12, 4.—Hence, with rel. dat.: cui bono (est), for whose advantage it is:quod si quis usurpet illud Cassianum cui bono fuerit, etc.,
Cic. Phil. 2, 14, 35:cui bono fuisset,
id. Rosc. Am. 30, 84; id. Mil. 12, 32 Ascon. ad loc.; cf.ellipt. form cui bono?
Prisc. p. 1208 P.—With dat. gerund:2.ager oleto conserundo qui in Favonium spectavit, aliis bonus nullus erit,
Cato, R. R. 6; Varr. R. R. 1, 24:(mons) quia pecori bonus alendo erat,
Liv. 29, 31; 9, 10.—By ad and acc.:refert et ad quam rem bona aut non bona sit,
Varr. R. R. 1, 91:occasio quaeritur idoneane fuerit ad rem adoriendam, an alia melior,
Auct. Her. 2, 4, 7:non campos modo militi Romano ad proelium bonos, etc.,
Tac. A. 2, 14. -
7 consilium
consĭlĭum, ii, n. [from con and root sal-; Sanscr. sar-; cf. consul], deliberation, consultation, a considering together, counsel (cf. concilium; very freq. in all periods and species of composition).I.Prop.:II.consulta sunt consilia,
are finished, at an end, Plaut. Truc. 1, 2, 7:quid in consilio consuluistis?
id. Bacch. 1, 1, 6 Ritschl:consilium volo capere unā tecum,
Ter. Eun. 3, 5, 66:neque pol consili locum habeo neque ad auxilium copiam,
id. And. 2, 1, 20:cum aliquo consilia conferre,
Cic. Phil. 2, 15, 38 (v. confero, I. B.):saepe in senatu consilia versata sunt,
Quint. 12, 2, 21; 7, 4, 2:quasi vero consilii sit res, et non necesse sit, etc.,
as if the matter were yet open for deliberation, Caes. B. G. 7, 38; cf. Nep. Con. 4, 2:quid efficere possis, tui consilii est,
is for you to consider, Cic. Fam. 3, 2, 2:vestrum jam consilium est. non solum meum, quid sit vobis faciendum,
id. ib. 14, 14, 1: quid aetati credendum sit, quid nomini, magni consilii est, id. Att. 15, 12, 2; cf.:nihil mihi adhuc accidit, quod majoris consilii esset,
id. ib. 10, 1, 3:in consilio habere,
Quint. 8, 2, 23:fit publici consilii particeps,
Cic. Cat. 1, 1, 2; cf. Quint. 12, 3, 1; 3, 8, 4:nocturna,
Sall. C. 42, 2:arcanis ut interesset,
Liv. 35, 18, 2 et saep.—Meton.A.In abstr.1.A conclusion made with consideration, a determination, resolution, measure, plan, purpose, intention, Quint. 6, 5, 3; cf.:b.consilium est aliquid faciendi aut non faciendi excogitata ratio,
Cic. Inv. 1, 25, 36; 2, 9, 31:certum,
Ter. And. 2, 3, 16:callidum,
id. ib. 3, 4, 10:ut sunt Gallorum subita et repentina consilia,
Caes. B. G. 3, 8:aliquid communi consilio agere,
id. ib.:consilium communicaverunt perfeceruntque,
Suet. Calig. 56:aedificandi consilium abicere,
Cic. Att. 5, 11, 6; Liv. 33, 41, 5; Tac. A. 4, 4:deponere,
Caes. B. C. 3, 103.—And of the purpose. as opp. to the act, etc.:quod initio scripsi, totius facti tui judicium non tam ex consilio tuo quam ex eventu homines esse facturos,
Cic. Fam. 1, 7, 5:quasi exitus rerum, non hominum consilia, legibus vindicentur,
id. Mil. 7, 19:mentem peccare, non corpus, et unde consilium afuerit culpam abesse,
Liv. 1, 58, 9. —Often with epithets characterizing the person who forms the purpose, etc.:amentissimum,
Cic. Att. 7, 10 init.:audax,
Liv. 25, 38, 18; 35, 32, 13:fortissima cousilia,
id. 25, 38, 18:fidele,
Cic. Agr. 2, 3, 5; Curt. 6, 4, 8:providens,
Gell. 3, 7, 8:malum,
id. 4, 5, 5:temerarium,
Vell. 2, 120, 2:incautum,
Cic. Att. 8, 9, 3:lene,
Hor. C. 3, 4, 41:praeceps,
Suet. Aug. 8:repudio quod consilium primum intenderam,
Ter. And. 4, 3, 18:eo consilio, uti frumento Caesarem intercluderet,
Caes. B. G. 1, 48; 2, 9; Cic. Fin. 1, 21, 72 fin.; Sall. C. 57, 1:quo consilio huc imus?
Ter. Eun. 5, 7, 1;also: hoc consilio ut,
Nep. Milt. 5, 3: privato consilio, on one's own account (opp. publico consilio, in the name or behalf of the state):qui contra consulem privato consilio exercitus comparaverunt,
Cic. Phil. 3, 6, 14; Caes. B. C. 3, 14; Nep. Pelop. 1, 2.—Sometimes absol. consilio adverbially, intentionally, designedly:casu potius quam consilio,
Cic. Fam. 5, 2, 8:consul, seu forte, seu consilio, Venusiam perfugit,
Liv. 22, 49, 14; 35, 14, 4; Verg. A. 7, 216.—Esp. in the phrases,(α).Consilium capere, to form a purpose or plan, to resolve, decide, determine:(β).neque, quid nunc consili capiam, scio, De virgine istac,
Ter. Eun. 5, 2, 27: consilium capere with a gen. gerund., Caes. B. G. 3, 2; 5, 29; Cic. Att. 5, 11, 6; Liv. 39, 51, 3; 43, 3, 7; 35, 34, 4; 10, 38, 6; Sall. C. 16, 4; Curt. 8, 6, 8; 8, 7, 1; Tac. A. 6, 26; Suet. Vesp. 6; Quint. 11, 3, 180; Just. 2, 13, 5; 34, 4, 1; cf. with gen.:profectionis et reversionis meae,
Cic. Phil. 1, 1, 1.—With inf., Cic. Quint. 16, 53 fin.; Caes. B. G. 7, 71; Nep. Lys. 3, 1; Liv. 44, 11, 6 al.—With ut:capio consilium, ut senatum congerronum convocem,
Plaut. Most. 5, 1, 8:consilium ceperunt plenum sceleris, ut nomen hujus deferrent,
Cic. Rosc. Am. 10, 28; id. Verr. 2, 1, 54, § 140:consilium cepi, ut antequam luceret exirem,
id. Att. 7. 10; id. Tull. 14, 34; Liv. 25, 34, 7.—And with inf.:consilium cepit... iter in urbem patefacere,
Liv. 44, 11, 7:hominis fortunas evertere,
Cic. Quint. 16, 53:Heraclius capit consilium... non adesse ad judicium,
id. Verr. 2, 2, 17, § 41:ex oppido profugere,
Caes. B. G. 7, 26; 7, 71; Just. 35, 1, 3.—In the same sense, inire consilium, with similar construction:(γ).inita sunt consilia urbis delendae,
Cic. Mur. 37, 80; 38, 81:regni occupandi consilium inire,
Liv. 2, 8, 2; 6, 17, 7; 7, 38, 5:jus gentium cujus violandi causā consilium initum erat,
id. 38, 25, 8; 4, 11, 4:sceleris conandi consilia inierat,
Vell. 2, 35, 5; 2, 80, 6:Graeci consilium ineunt interrumpendi pontis,
Just. 2, 13, 5; Suet. Calig. 48:iniit consilia reges Lacedaemoniorum tollere,
Nep. Lys. 3, 1:consilia inibat, quemadmodum, etc.,
Caes. B. G. 7, 43:de bello consilia inire incipiunt,
id. ib. 7, 1:cum de recuperandā libertate consilium initum videretur,
id. ib. 5, 27:consilia inita de regno,
Liv. 4, 15, 4:atrox consilium init, ut, etc.,
Tac. H. 3, 41.—Freq. consilium est, with and without inf., I purpose:c.ita facere,
Plaut. Mil. 2, 3, 73; Ter. Hec. 3, 5, 44; Cic. Att. 5, 5, 1; Sall. C. 4, 1; 53, 6; Liv. 21, 63, 2; Sall. H. Fragm. 4, 61, 16 Dietsch. —Rarely with ut:ut filius Cum illà habitet... hoc nostrum consilium fuit,
Ter. Phorm. 5, 8, 41:ea uti acceptā mercede deseram, non est consilium,
Sall. J. 85, 8; and absol.:quid sui consilii sit, ostendit,
Caes. B. G. 1, 21.—Hence,In partic., in milit. lang., a warlike measure, device, stratagem: consilium imperatorium quod Graeci stratêgêma appellant, Cic. N. D. 3, 6, 15; so Caes. B. G. 7, 22; Nep. Dat. 6, 8; id. Iphicr. 1, 2; cf.:d.opportunus consiliis locus (= insidiis),
Quint. 5, 10, 37.—With special reference to the person for whose advantage a measure is devised, counsel, advice:2.tu quidem antehac aliis solebas dare consilia mutua,
Plaut. Ep. 1, 1, 98; so,dare,
Ter. And. 2, 1, 9:quid das consili?
Ter. Hec. 4, 4, 93:Cethegum minus ei fidele consilium dedisse,
Cic. Clu. 31, 85:vos lene consilium datis,
Hor. C. 3, 4, 41; 3, 5, 45 et saep.:juvabo aut re aut operā aut consilio bono,
Plaut. Ps. 1, 1, 17;imitated by Ter.: aut consolando aut consilio aut re juvero,
Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 34 (quoted ap. Cic. Fam. 7, 10, 4); cf. Ter. Heaut. 5, 2, 29; Cic. Fam. 2, 7, 2; 15, 2, 2; id. Att. 13, 31, 3:te hortor ut omnia moderere prudentiā tuā, ne te auferant aliorum consilia,
id. Fam. 2, 7, 1:sin aliquid impertivit tibi sui consilii,
id. ib. 5, 2, 9:consiliis, non curribus utere nostris,
Ov. M. 2, 146:facile ratio tam salubris consilii accepta est,
Curt. 3, 7, 10:saniora consilia pati,
id. 4, 1, 9.—As a mental quality, understanding, judgment, wisdom, sense, penetration, prudence:b.et dominari in corpore toto Consilium quod nos animum mentemque vocamus,
Lucr. 3, 139; 3, 450:acta illa res est animo virili, consilio puerili,
Cic. Att. 14, 21, 3; cf. id. Caecin. 7, 18:ut popularis cupiditas a consilio principum dissideret,
id. Sest. 49, 103:majore studio quam consilio ad bellum proficisci,
Sall. H. 2, 96, 4 Dietsch:res forte quam consilio melius gestae,
id. J. 92, 6:quae quanto consilio gerantur, nullo consilio adsequi possumus,
Cic. N. D. 2, 38, 97:simul consilium cum re amisisti?
Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 10; cf.:miseros prudentia prima relinquit, Et sensus cum re consiliumque fugit,
Ov. P. 4, 12, 48:mulieres omnes propter infirmitatem consilii majores in tutorum potestate esse voluerunt,
Cic. Mur. 12, 27:vir et consilii magni et virtutis,
Caes. B. G. 3, 5:cum plus in illo senili animo non consilii modo sed etiam virtutis esse dicerent,
Liv. 4, 13, 13; so,tam iners, tam nulli consili Sum,
Ter. And. 3, 5, 2:est hoc principium improbi animi, miseri ingenii, nulli consilii,
Cic. Rosc. Com. 16, 48:omnes gravioris aetatis, in quibus aliquid consilii aut dignitatis fuit,
Caes. B. G. 3, 16; cf. Ov. M. 6, 40:misce stultitiam consiliis brevem,
Hor. C. 4, 12, 27:quae res in se neque consilium neque modum Habet ullum, eam consilio regere non potes,
Ter. Eun. 1, 1, 13. —Poet., transf., of inanim. things:B.consilii inopes ignes,
indiscreet, Ov. M. 9, 746:vis consili expers,
Hor. C. 3, 4, 65; id. S. 2, 3, 266.—In concr., the persons who deliberate, a council; of the Roman senate:b.senatum, id est orbis terrae consilium, delere gestit,
Cic. Phil. 4, 6, 14; id. Fam. 3, 8, 4; id. de Or. 2, 82, 333; id. Sest. 65, 137:summum consilium orbis terrae,
id. Phil. 7, 7, 19; Liv. 1, 8, 7; 23, 22, 2; Vell. 1, 8, 6:di prohibeant, ut hoc, quod majores consilium publicum vocari voluerunt, praesidium sectorum existimetur,
i. e. a court of justice, Cic. Rosc. Am. 52, 151; cf.:qui ex civitate in senatum propter dignitatem, ex senatu in hoc consilium delecti estis propter severitatem,
id. ib. 3, 8.—Of the division of the centumviri, who sat for ordinary cases in four consilia:sedebant centum et octoginta judices, tot enim quattuor consiliis colliguntur,
Plin. Ep. 6, 33, 2:omnibus non solum consiliis sed etiam sententiis superior discessit,
Val. Max. 7, 7, 1:Galba consilio celeriter convocato sententias exquirere coepit,
a council of war, Caes. B. G. 3, 3; cf.:consilio advocato,
Liv. 25, 31, 3; 43, 22, 9 al.:castrense,
id. 44, 35, 4:mittunt (Carthaginienses) triginta seniorum principes: id erat sanctius apud illos consilium,
id. 30, 16, 3; cf. id. 35, 34, 2:consilium Jovis,
Hor. C. 3, 25, 6:bonorum atque sapientium,
Quint. 3, 8, 2 al. —Facetiously:c.paulisper tace, Dum ego mihi consilia in animum convoco, et dum consulo,
Plaut. Mil. 2, 2, 44.—(Acc. to II. A. [p. 433] 1. c.) A counsellor:ille ferox hortator pugnae consiliumque fuit,
Ov. Tr. 4, 2, 32:Clymene, Aethraque, Quae mihi sunt comites consiliumque duae,
id. H. 16 (17), 268; id. F. 3, 276. -
8 meliores
bŏnus (old form dŭonus, Carm. Sall. ap. Varr. L. L. 7, § 26 Mull.; cf. Paul. ex Fest. p. 67 Mull.), a, um, adj. [for duonus, cf. bellum, bis, and cf. root dvi-; hence deidô, deos], good; comp. melior, us [cf. Gr. mala, mallon], better; sup. optimus ( optumus, ante-class. and often class.) [root opof ops, opes; cf. copia, apiscor], best.I.Attributively.A.As adjunct of nouns denoting persons.1.Vir bonus.(α).A man morally good (kalos kagathos):(β).quoniam boni me viri pauperant, improbi alunt,
Plaut. Poen. 5, 4, 60:omnibus virtutibus instructos et ornatos tum sapientes, tum viros bonos dicimus,
Cic. Tusc. 5, 10, 28:ille vir bonus qui... intolerabili dolore lacerari potius quam aut officium prodat aut fidem,
id. Ac. 2, 8, 23:sive vir bonus est is qui prodest quibus potest, nocet nemini, certe istum virum bonum non facile reperimus,
id. Off. 3, 15, 64:qui se ita gerunt ut eorum probitas, fides, integritas, etc.... hos viros bonos... appellandos putemus,
id. Lael. 5, 19:non intellegunt se de callido homine loqui, non de bono viro,
id. Att. 7, 2, 4:ut quisque est vir optimus, ita difficillime esse alios improbos suspicatur,
id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 4, § 12:nec enim melior vir fuit Africano quisquam, nec clarior,
id. Lael. 2, 6; id. Leg. 1, 14, 41; 1, 18, 48; id. Planc. 4, 9; id. Par. 3, 1, 21; id. Marcell. 6, 20; id. Fam. 7, 21; id. Off. 2, 16, 57.—An honest man:(γ).justitia, ex qua viri boni nominantur,
Cic. Off. 1, 7, 21; 1, 44, 155; 2, 11, 39; 2, 12, 42; 2, 20, 71;3, 12, 50: cum is sponsionem fecisset ni vir bonus esset,
id. ib. 3, 19, 77:quoniam Demosthenes nec vir bonus esset, nec bene meritus de civitate,
id. Opt. Gen. 7, 20; cf. id. Rosc. Am. 40, 116.—A man of good standing in the community:(δ).id viri boni arbitratu deducetur,
Cato, R. R. 143; so id. ib. 149:tuam partem viri bono arbitratu... dari oportet,
Dig. 17, 1, [p. 244] 35;37, 6, 2, § 2: quem voles virum bonum nominato,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 25, § 55:vir bonus est... quo res sponsore, et quo causae teste tenentur,
Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 40.—Hence, ironically of wealthy men:praetores jus dicunt, aediles ludos parant, viri boni usuras perscribunt,
Cic. Att. 9, 12, 3.—Ironically of bad men:(ε).sed eccum lenonem Lycum, bonum virum,
Plaut. Poen. 5, 5, 52; Ter. Eun. 5, 3, 9; 4, 3, 18; id. Ad. 3, 4, 30:expectabam quinam isti viri boni testes hujus manifesto deprehensi veneni dicerentur,
Cic. Cael. 26, 63:nam socer ejus, vir multum bonus est,
id. Agr. 3, 3, 13;so especially in addresses (mostly comic.): age tu, illuc procede, bone vir!
Plaut. Capt. 5, 2, 1; id. Curc. 5, 2, 12; id. Ps. 4, 7, 48; id. Pers. 5, 2, 11; Ter. And. 3, 5, 10; 5, 2, 5; id. Ad. 4, 2, 17; id. Eun. 5, 2, 11:quid tu, vir optime? Ecquid habes quod dicas?
Cic. Rosc. Am. 36, 104.—Sometimes boni viri = boni, in the sense of optimates (v. I. A. 3.):(ζ).bonis viris quid juris reliquit tribunatus C. Gracchi?
Cic. Leg. 3, 9, 20.—As a conventional courtesy:2.homines optimi non intellegunt, etc.,
Cic. Fin. 1, 7, 25:bone accusator,
id. Rosc. Am. 21, 58:sic illum amicum vocasti, quomodo omnes candidatos bonos viros dicimus,
gentlemen, Sen. Ep. 3, 1.—For bonus vir, a good husband, v. 3.; and for vir optimus, as a laudatory epithet, v. 5.—Boni homines (rare) = boni, better classes of society, v. II. A. 3:3.in foro infimo boni homines atque dites ambulant,
Plaut. Curc. 4, 1, 14.—With nouns denoting persons in regard to their functions, offices, occupations, and qualities, denoting excellence:4.bonus consul,
Liv. 4, 40, 6; 22, 39, 2 (different: consules duos, bonos quidem, sed dumtaxat bonos, amisimus, consuls of good sentiments, almost = bad consuls, Cic. ad Brut. 1, 3, 4):boni tribuni plebis,
Cic. Phil. 1, 10, 25:bonus senator,
id. Prov. Cons. 15, 37:senator bonus,
id. Dom. 4, 8:bonus judex,
id. Verr. 2, 4, 15, § 34:bonus augur (ironically),
id. Phil. 2, 32, 80:bonus vates,
Plaut. Mil. 3, 3, 27:bonus imperator,
Sall. C. 60, 4:bonus dux,
Quint. 12, 1, 43 (cf. trop.:naturam, optimam ducem,
the best guide, Cic. Sen. 2, 5):bonus miles,
Sall. C. 60, 4; Sen. Vit. Beat. 15, 5:bonus orator,
Cic. Fin. 1, 3, 10:optimus orator,
id. Opt. Gen. 1, 3:poeta bonus,
id. de Or. 1, 3, 11; 2, 46, 194; id. Fin. 1, 3, 10:scriptor bonus,
Quint. 10, 1, 104:bonus advocatus,
id. 5, 13, 10:bonus defensor,
id. 5, 13, 3:bonus altercator,
a good debater, id. 6, 4, 10:bonus praeceptor,
id. 5, 13, 44; 10, 5, 22:bonus gubernator,
Cic. Ac. 2, 31, 100:optimus opifex,
Hor. S. 1, 3, 133:sutor bonus,
id. ib. 1, 3, 125:actor optimus,
Cic. Sest. 57, 122:cantor optimus est modulator,
Hor. S. 1, 3, 130:melior gladiator,
Ov. Tr. 4, 6, 33: agricola (colonus, dominus) bonus, Cato, R. R. prooem.; Cic. Sen. 16, 56:bonus paterfamilias,
a thrifty head of the house, Nep. Att. 13, 1:bonus servus,
Plaut. Trin. 4, 3, 58; id. Am. 2, 1, 46; id. Men. 5, 6, 1; Cic. Mil. 22, 58:dominus bonus,
Cato, R. R. 14:bonus custos,
Plaut. Truc. 4, 3, 38.—Ironically, Ter. Phorm. 2, 1, 57:filius bonus,
Plaut. Am. 3, 4, 9:patres,
Quint. 11, 3, 178:parens,
id. 6, prooem. 4: bonus (melior, optimus), viz. a good husband, Cic. Inv. 1, 31, 51 sq.; Liv. 1, 9, 15:uxor melior,
Cic. Inv. 1, 31, 52:amicus,
id. Fam. 2, 15, 3:amicus optimus,
Plaut. Cas. 3, 3, 18:optimus testis,
Cic. Fam. 7, 27, 2:auctor, in two senses,
good authority, id. Att. 5, 12, 3;and = bonus scriptor (post-class.),
Quint. 10, 1, 74.—Esp.:bonus civis (rarely civis bonus): in re publica ea velle quae tranquilla et honesta sint: talem enim solemus et sentire bonum civem et dicere, Cic.-Off. 1, 34, 124: eaque est summa ratio et sapientia boni civis, commoda civium non divellere, atque omnes aequitate eadem continere,
id. ib. 2, 23, 83:eum esse civem et fidelem et bonum,
Plaut. Pers. 1, 2, 15; Cic. Fam. 2, 8, 2; 1, 9, 10; 3, 12, 1; 6, 6, 11; id. Off. 1, 44, 155; Liv. 22, 39, 3; Sall. H. Fragm. 1, 10 Dietsch:optimus et fortissimus civis,
Cic. Fam. 12, 2, 3; id. Sest. 17, 39.—Bonus and optimus as epithets of the gods.(α).In gen.:(β).sed te bonus Mercurius perdat,
Plaut. Cas. 2, 3, 23:fata... bonique divi,
Hor. C. 4, 2, 38:divis orte bonis,
id. ib. 4, 5, 1:O bone deus!
Scrib. Comp. 84 fin.: BONORVM DEORVM, Inscr. ap. Cic. N. D. 3, 34, 84: totidem, pater optime, dixi, Tu mihi da cives, referring to Jupiter, Ov. M. 7, 627.—Optimus Maximus, a standing epithet of Jupiter:(γ).(Juppiter) a majoribus nostris Optimus Maximus (nominatur), et quidem ante optimus, id est beneficentissimus, quam Maximus,
Cic. N. D. 2, 25, 64:Jovem optimum et maximum ob eas res appellant, non quod, etc.,
id. ib. 3, 36, 87:in templo Jovis Optimi Maximi,
id. Sest. 56, 129; id. Prov. Cons. 9, 22:nutu Jovis Optimi Maximi,
id. Cat. 3, 9, 21; Liv. 1, 12, 7; id. 6, 16, 2.—Di boni, O di boni, expressing indignation, sorrow, or surprise:(δ).di boni, hunc visitavi antidhac!
Plaut. Ep. 4, 1, 16:di boni, boni quid porto!
Ter. And. 2, 2, 1:di boni, quid hoc morbi est,
id. Eun. 2, 1, 19; id. Heaut. 2, 3, 13; id. Ad. 3, 3, 86:alter, O di boni, quam taeter incedebat!
Cic. Sest. 8, 19; id. Brut. 84, 288; id. Phil. 2, 8, 20; 2, 32, 80; id. Att. 1, 16, 5; 14, 21, 2; Val. Max. 3, 5, 1; Sen. Vit. Beat. 2, 3.—Bona Dea, etc., v. 6.—5.Optimus as a laudatory epithet.(α).Vir optimus:(β).per vos nobis, per optimos viros optimis civibus periculum inferre conantur,
Cic. Sest. 1, 2:virum optimum et constantissimum M. Cispium,
id. ib. 35, 76:fratrem meum, virum optimum, fortissimum,
id. ib.:consolabor hos praesentes, viros optimos,
id. Balb. 19, 44; id. Planc. 21, 51; 23, 55; id. Mil. 14, 38; id. Marcell. 4, 10; id. Att. 5, 1, 5; Hor. S. 1, 6, 53.—Femina bona, optima:(γ).tua conjunx bona femina,
Cic. Phil. 3, 6, 16:hujus sanctissimae feminae atque optimae pater,
id. ib. —Senex, pater, frater, etc.:(δ).optimus: parentes ejus, prudentissimi atque optimi senis,
Cic. Planc. 41, 97:insuevit pater optimus hoc me,
Hor. S. 1, 4, 105; 2, 1, 12:C. Marcelli, fratris optimi,
Cic. Fam. 4, 7, 6; id. Q. Fr. 2, 6 (8), 2; 2, 4, 2.—With proper names ( poet.):(ε).optimus Vergilius,
Hor. S. 1, 6, 54:Maecenas optimus,
id. ib. 1, 5, 27:optime Quinti,
id. Ep. 1, 16, 1.—Esp. as an epithet of the Roman emperors:6.quid tam civile, tam senatorium quam illud, additum a nobis Optimi cognomen?
Plin. Pan. 2, 7:gratias, inquit, ago, optime Princeps!
Sen. Tranq. 14. 4:ex epistula optimi imperatoris Antonini,
Gai. Inst. 1, 102; cf.:bene te patriae pater optime Caesar,
Ov. F. 2, 637:optime Romulae Custos gentis,
Hor. C. 4, 5, 1.—Bonus and Bona, names of deities.(α).Bona Dea, the goddess of Chastity, whose temple could not be entered by males (cf. Macr. S. 1, 12; Lact. 1, 22):(β).Bonae Deae pulvinaribus,
Cic. Pis. 39, 95; id. Mil. 31, 86; id. Fam. 1, 9, 15; cf.in mal. part.,
Juv. 2, 86 sq.; 6, 314 sq.; 6, 335 sq.—Bonus Eventus, Varr. R. R. 1, 1 med.; Amm. 29, 6, 19; Inscr. Orell. 907; 1780 sq.—(γ).Bona Fortuna:(δ).si bona Fortuna veniat, ne intromiseris,
Plaut. Aul. 1, 3, 22:Bonae Fortunae (signum),
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 3, § 7:FORTVNAE BONAE DOMESTICAE,
Inscr. Orell. 1743 sq. —Bona Spes:(ε).Spes Bona, obsecro, subventa mihi,
Plaut. Rud. 1, 4, 12:BONAE SPEI,
Aug. Inscr. Grut. 1075, 1.—BONA MENS, Inscr. Orell. 1818 sqq.:B.Mens Bona, si qua dea es, tua me in sacraria dono,
Prop. 3, 24, 19.With nouns denoting things.1.Things concrete, denoting excellence:2.navis bona dicitur non quae pretiosis coloribus picta est... sed stabilis et firma,
Sen. Ep. 76, 13:gladium bonum dices, non cui auratus est balteus, etc., sed cui et ad secandum subtilis acies est, et, etc.,
id. ib. 76, 14:id vinum erit lene et bono colore,
Cato, R. R. 109; Lucr. 2, 418; Ov. Am. 2, 7, 9:tabulas... collocare in bono lumine,
Cic. Brut. 75, 261: ex quavis olea oleum... bonum fieri potest. Cato, R. R. 3:per aestatem boves aquam bonam et liquidam bibant semper curato,
id. ib. 73; cf.:bonae aquae, ironically compared to wine,
Prop. 2, 33 (3, 31), 28:praedium bonum caelum habeat,
good temperature, Cato, R. R. 1:bona tempestate,
in good weather, Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 2, 4:(praedium) solo bono valeat,
by good soil, Cato, R. R. 1:bonae (aedes) cum curantur male,
Plaut. Most. 1, 2, 24:villam bonam,
Cic. Off. 3, 13, 55:bonus pons,
Cat. 17, 5:scyphi optimi (= optime facti),
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 14, § 32:perbona toreumata,
id. ib. 2, 4, 18, §38: bona domicilia,
comfortable residences, id. N. D. 2, 37, 95:agrum Meliorem nemo habet,
Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 12:fundum meliorem,
Cic. Inv. 1, 31, 52: fundos optimos et fructuosissimos, id. Agr. 3, 4, 14:equus melior,
id. Inv. 1, 31, 52:bona cena,
Cat. 13, 3:boni nummi,
good, not counterfeit, Plaut. As. 3, 3, 144; Cic. Off. 3, 23, 91:super omnia vultus accessere boni,
good looks, Ov. M. 8, 678:mulier bona forma,
of a fine form, Ter. Heaut. 3, 2, 13:equus formae melioris,
Hor. S. 2, 7, 52:tam bona cervix, simul ac jussero, demetur,
fine, beautiful, Suet. Calig. 33:fruges bonae,
Cat. 34, 19:ova suci melioris,
of better flavor, Hor. S. 2, 4, 13.— Trop.:animus aequus optimum est aerumnae condimentum,
Plaut. Rud. 2, 3, 71: bona dextra, a lucky hand (cf.:bonum omen, 2. e.),
Quint. 6, 3, 69:scio te bona esse voce, ne clama nimis,
good, sound, loud voice, Plaut. Most. 3, 1, 43; so,bona firmaque vox,
Quint. 11, 3, 13.—Things abstract.a.Of physical well-being:b.ut si qui neget sine bona valetudine posse bene vivi,
Cic. Inv. 1, 51, 93; Sen. Vit. Beat. 22, 2; Lucr. 3, 102; Val. Max. 2, 5, 6; Quint. 10, 3, 26; 11, 2, 35 et saep.:non bonus somnus de prandio est,
Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 8:bona aetas,
prime of life, Cic. Sen. 14, 48:optima aetate,
id. Fam. 10, 3, 3.—Ironically:bona, inquis, aetate, etc.,
Sen. Ep. 76, 1.—Of the mind and soul:c.meliore esse sensu,
Cic. Sest. 21, 47:optima indoles,
id. Fin. 5, 22, 61:bona conscientia,
Quint. 6, 1, 33; 9, 2, 93; Sen. Vit. Beat. 20, 5:bono ingenio me esse ornatam quam auro multo mavolo,
with a good heart, Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 91; id. Stich. 1, 21, 59; Sall. C. 10, 5:mens melior,
Ter. Ad. 3, 3, 78; Cic. Phil. 3, 5, 13; Liv. 39, 16, 5; Sen. Ben. 1, 11, 4; id. Ep. 10, 4; Pers. 2, 8; Petr. 61.—Personified, Prop. 3 (4), 24, 19; Ov. Am. 1, 2, 31:duos optimae indolis filios,
Val. Max. 5, 7, 2; Sen. Ben. 6, 16, 6; Quint. 1, 2, 5:bonum consilium,
Plaut. Merc. 2, 3, 6; id. Rud. 4, 3, 18; Cic. Off. 1, 33, 121:bona voluntas,
a good purpose, Quint. 12, 11, 31:memoria bona,
Cic. Att. 8, 4, 2:bona ratio cum perdita... confligit,
id. Cat. 2, 11, 25:bonae rationes,
Ter. Ad. 5, 3, 50:pronuntiatio bona,
Auct. Her. 3, 15, 27.—Of moral relations:d.ego si bonam famam mihi servasso, sat ero dives,
Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 71; Cic. Sest. 66, 139; Liv. 6, 11, 7; Hor. S. 1, 2, 61 (cf. Cic. Att. 7, 26, 1;v. e. infra): si ego in causa tam bona cessi tribuni plebis furori,
Cic. Sest. 16, 36; id. Planc. 36, 87; Ov. M. 5, 220:fac, sis, bonae frugi sies,
of good, regular habits, Plaut. Curc. 4, 2, 35; id. Cas. 2, 4, 5; 2, 5, 19; id. Ps. 1, 5, 53; id. Truc. 1, 1, 13; id. Capt. 5, 2, 3 sq. (v. frux, II. B. 1. b.): vilicus disciplina bona utatur. Cato, R. R. 5:bona studia,
moral pursuits, Auct. Her. 4, 17, 25:quidquid vita meliore parasti,
Hor. S. 2, 3, 15: ad spem mortis melioris, an honorable death; so as an epithet of religious exercises:Juppiter, te bonas preces precor,
Cato, R. R. 134; 139.—Of external, artistic, and literary value and usefulness:e.bono usui estis nulli,
Plaut. Curc. 4, 2, 15:Optumo optume optumam operam das,
id. Am. 1, 1, 122:bonam dedistis mihi operam,
a valuable service to me, id. Poen. 2, 3, 70; 3, 6, 11; id. Pers. 4, 7, 11; id. Rud. 3, 6, 11 (in a different sense: me bona opera aut mala Tibi inventurum esse auxilium argentarium, by fair or unfair means, id. Ps. 1, 1, 102;v. e. infra): optima hereditas a patribus traditur liberis... gloria virtutis rerumque gestarum,
Cic. Off. 1, 33, 121:bonum otium,
valuable leisure, Sall. C. 4, 1:bonis versibus,
Cic. Ac. 2, 23, 74:versus meliores,
Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 81:meliora poemata,
Hor. A. P. 303:in illa pro Ctesiphonte oratione longe optima,
Cic. Or. 8, 26:optimas fabulas,
id. Off. 1, 31, 114:melius munus,
id. Ac. 1, 2, 7.—Favorable, prosperous, lucky, fortunate:f.de Procilio rumores non boni,
unfavorable rumors, Cic. Att. 4, 16, 5:bona de Domitio, praeclara de Afranio fama est,
about their success in the war, id. ib. 7, 26, 1:si fuisset in discipulo comparando meliore fortuna,
id. Pis. 29, 71; cf.fortuna optima esse,
to be in the best pecuniary circumstances, id. ad Brut. 1, 1, 2:occasio tam bona,
Plaut. Most. 2, 2, 9:senex est eo meliore condicione quam adulesoens cum, etc.,
Cic. Sen. 19, 68; id. Fam. 4, 32:bona navigatio,
id. N. D. 3, 34, 83;esp. in phrase bona spes.—Object.: ergo in iis adulescentibus bonam spem esse dicemus et magnam indolem quos, etc.,
Cic. Fin. 2, 35, 117.—Subject.:ego sum spe bona,
Cic. Fam. 12, 28, 3; id. Cat. 2, 11, 25; [p. 245] id. Att. 14, 1 a, 3; id. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 5, § 16:optima spe,
id. Fam. 12, 11, 2.—Pregn., = spes bonarum rerum, Sall. C. 21, 1;v. C. 1. c. infra: meliora responsa,
more favorable, Liv. 7, 21, 6:melior interpretatio,
Tac. H. 3, 65:cum laude et bonis recordationibus,
id. A. 4, 38:amnis Doctus iter melius,
i. e. less injurious, Hor. A. P. 68:omen bonum,
a good, lucky omen, Cic. Pis. 13, 31; cf.Liv. praef. § 13: melius omen,
Ov. F. 1, 221;optimum,
Cic. Fam. 3, 12, 2:bona scaeva,
Plaut. Stich. 5, 2, 24:auspicio optumo,
id. ib. 3, 2, 6; cf.:memini bene, sed meliore Tempore dicam = opportuniore tempore,
Hor. S. 1, 9, 68.—Of public affairs, si mihi bona re publica frui non licuerit, Cic. Mil. 34, 93:g.optima res publica,
id. Or. 1, 1, 1; id. Phil. 1, 8, 19:minus bonis temporibus,
id. Dom. 4, 8; so,optimis temporibus,
id. Sest. 3, 6:nostrae res meliore loco videbantur,
id. ad Brut. 1, 3, 1:lex optima,
id. Pis. 16, 37; id. Sest. 64, 137; id. Phil, 1, 8, 19.—Good = large, considerable:h.bono atque amplo lucro,
Plaut. Am. prol. 6:bona librorum copia,
Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 109; cf.:bona copia cornu,
Ov. M. 9, 88; v. bona pars, C. 8. g.—Noble; with genus, good family, noble extraction, honorable birth: quali me arbitraris genere prognatum? Eu. Bono, Plaut. Aul. 2, 2, 35; so id. Ep. 1, 2, 4; 2, 1, 3; id. Pers. 4, 4, 94:k.si bono genere natus sit,
Auct. Her. 3, 7, 13.—Referring to good-will, kindness, faithfulness, in certain phrases.(α).Bona venia or cum bona venia, with the kind permission of a person addressed, especially bona venia orare, expetere, etc.:(β).primum abs te hoc bona venia expeto,
Ter. Phorm. 2, 3, 31:bona tua venia dixerim,
Cic. Leg. 3, 15, 34:oravit bona venia Quirites, ne, etc.,
Liv. 7, 41, 3:obsecro vos.. bona venia vestra liceat, etc.,
id. 6, 40, 10:cum bona venia quaeso audiatis, etc.,
id. 29, 17, 6; Arn. c. Gent. 1, p. 5; cf.. sed des veniam bonus oro = venia bona oro,
Hor. S. 2, 4, 5.—Bona pax, without quarrelling:(γ).bona pax sit potius,
let us have no quarrel about that, Plaut. Pers. 2, 2, 7;so especially cum bona pace, or bona pace: Hannibal ad Alpis cum bona pace incolentium... pervenit,
without a difficulty with the inhabitants, Liv. 21, 32, 6; 21, 24, 5; 1, 24, 3; 28, 37, 4; 8, 15, 1; cf.: si bonam (pacem) dederitis, = a fair peace, under acceptable conditions, id. 8, 21, 4.—Amicitia bona = bona fide servata, faithful, undisturbed friendship:(δ).igitur amicitia Masinissae bona atque honesta nobis permansit,
Sall. J. 5, 5.—Bona societas, alliance:C.Segestes, memoria bonae societatis, impavidus,
Tac. A. 1, 58.In particular phrases.1.Bonae res.a.= Vitae commoda, comforts of life, abstract or concrete:b.concedatur bonis rebus homines morte privari,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 36, 87:optimis rebus usus est,
he had every most desirable thing, Nep. Att. 18, 1.—= Res secundae, opp. res adversae, prosperity:c.bonis rebus tuis, meas irrides malas,
Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 45:in bonis rebus,
Hor. C. 2, 3, 2. —Res bona = res familiaris bona, wealth ( poet.): in re bona esse, Laber. ap. Gell. 10, 17, 4.—Also an object of value:d.homines quibus mala abunde omnia erant, sed neque res neque spes bona ulla,
who had no property, nor the hope of any, Sall. C. 21, 1. —Costly things, articles of luxury:e.capere urbem in Arabia plenam bonarum rerum,
Plaut. Pers. 4, 3, 46; 4, 4, 82:nimium rei bonae,
id. Stich. 2, 3, 55:ignorantia bonarum rerum,
Nep. Ages. 8, 5 ' bonis rebus gaudere, Hor. S. 2, 6, 110:re bona copiosum esse,
Gell. 16, 19, 7.—Moral, morally good:f.illi cum res non bonas tractent,
Cic. Ac. 2, 33, 72:ut de virtutibus et vitiis, omninoque de bonis rebus et malis quaererent,
id. ib. 1, 4, 15:quid habemus in rebus bonis et malis explorati?
id. ib. 2, 42, 129; so id. Or. 1, 10, 42; id. Leg. 1, 22, 58:quae tamen omnia dulciora fuint et moribus bonis et artibus,
id. Sen. 18, 65.—In literary composition, important or interesting matter, subjects, or questions:2.res bonas verbis electis dictas quis non legat?
Cic. Fin. 1, 3, 8:studiis generorum, praesertim in re bona,
Plaut. Am. 8, 26.—Bonae artes.(α).A good, laudable way of dealing:(β).qui praeclari facinoris aut artis bonae famam quaerit,
Sall. C. 2, 9:huic bonae artes desunt, dolis atque fallaciis contendit,
id. ib. 11, 2:quod is bonarum artium cupiens erat,
Tac. A. 6, 46.—Liberal arts and sciences:3.litteris aut ulli bonae arti,
Quint. 12, 1, 7:conservate civem bonarum artium, bonarum partium, bonorum virorum,
Cic. Sest. 32, 77. —Esp.:optimae artes: optimarum artium scientia,
Cic. Fin. 1, 3, 4; id. Ac. 2, 1, 1; id. Cael. 10, 24; id. Marcell. 1, 4.—Bona fides, or fides bona.a.Good faith, i. e. conscious honesty in acts or words: qui nummos fide bona solvit, who pays (the price of labor) in good faith, i. e. as it is honestly earned, Cato, R. R. 14:b.dic, bona fide, tu id aurum non subripuisti?
Plaut. Aul. 4, 10, 46; 4, 10, 47; id. Capt. 4, 2, 111; id. Most. 3, 1, 137; id. Poen. 1, 3, 30; id. Pers. 4, 3, 16; id. Ps. 4, 6, 33:si tibi optima fide omnia concessit,
Cic. Rosc. Am. 49, 144; Quint. 10, 3, 23.—Hence, bonae fidei vir, a conscientious man, Quint. 10, 7, 1.—Jurid. t. t.(α).Good faith in contracts and legal acts in general, opposed to dolus malus, honesty and fairness in dealing with another:(β).ad fidem bonam statuit pertinere, notum esse emptori vitium quod nosset venditor,
Cic. Off. 3, 16, 67.—Hence, alienam rem bona fide emere, to buy, believing the seller to be the rightful owner, Dig. 41, 3, 10; 41, 3, 13, § 1. bonae fidei possessor (also possessio), believing that he is the rightful owner, ib. 5, 3, 25, § 11; 5, 3, 22; 41, 3, 15, § 2;41, 3, 24: conventio contra bonam fidem et mores bonos,
ib. 16, 31, § 7: bonam fidem praestare, to be responsible for one ' s good faith, ib. 17, 1, 10 prooem.—Hence,Bonae fidei actiones or judicia, actions in equity, i. e. certain classes of actions in which the strict civil law was set aside by the praetorian edict in favor of equity:4.actiones quaedam bonae fidei sunt, quaedam stricti juris. Bonae fidei sunt haec: exempto vendito, locato conducto, etc.,
Just. Inst. 4, 6, 28, § 19.—In the republican time the praetor added in such actions to his formula for the judex the words ex fide bona, or, in full:quidquid dare facere oportet ex fide bona,
Cic. Off. 3, 16, 66:iste dolus malus et legibus erat vindicatus, et sine lege, judiciis in quibus additur ex fide bona,
id. ib. 3, 15, 61; cf. id. ib. 3, 17, 70.—Bona verba.(α).Kind words:(β).Bona verba quaeso,
Ter. And. 1, 2, 33.—Words of good omen (v. omen):(γ).dicamus bona verba,
Tib. 2, 2, 1:dicite suffuso ter bona verba mero,
Ov. F. 2, 638.—Elegant or well-chosen expressions:(δ).quid est tam furiosum quam verborum vel optimorum atque ornatissimorum sonitus inanis,
Cic. Or. 1, 12, 51:verborum bonorum cursu,
id. Brut. 66, 233:omnia verba sunt alicubi optima,
Quint. 10, 1, 9.—Moral sayings:5.non est quod contemnas bona verba et bonis cogitationibus plena praecordia,
Sen. Vit. Beat. 20, 1. —Bona dicta.(α).Polite, courteous language:(β).hoc petere me precario a vobis jussit leniter dictis bonis,
Plaut. Am. prol. 25.—Witticisms ( bon-mots): flammam a sapiente facilius ore in ardente opprimi, quam bona dicta teneat, Enn. ap. Cic. Or. 2, 54, 222:6.dico unum ridiculum dictum de dictis melioribus quibus solebam menstruales epulas ante adipiscier,
Plaut. Capt. 3, 1, 22:ibo intro ad libros ut discam de dictis melioribus,
id. Stich. 2, 3, 75.—Bona facta.(α).= bene facta (v. bene, I. B. 2. b.), laudable deeds:(β).nobilitas ambobus et majorum bona facta (sc. erant),
Tac. A. 3, 40.—Bonum factum est, colloq., = bene est, bene factum est (v. bene, I. B. 2. b.):(γ).bonum factum est, ut edicta servetis mea,
Plaut. Poen. prol. 16:haec imperata quae sunt pro imperio histrico, bonum hercle factum (est) pro se quisque ut meminerit,
id. ib. 45.— Hence,Elliptically, introducing commands which cannot be enforced, = if you will do so, it will be well:7.peregrinis in senatum allectis, libellus propositus est: bonum factum, ne quis senatori novo curiam monstrare velit,
Suet. Caes. 80:et Chaldaeos edicere: bonum factum, ne Vitellius... usquam esset,
id. Vit. 14:hac die Carthaginem vici: bonum factum, in Capitolium eamus, et deos supplicemus,
Aur. Vict. 49; cf.:o edictum, cui adscribi non poterit bonum factum,
Tert. Pud. 1.—Bona gratia.(α).A friendly understanding:(β).cur non videmus inter nos haec potius cum bona Ut componantur gratia quam cum mala?
Ter. Phorm. 4, 3, 17; so,per gratiam bonam abire,
to part with good feelings, Plaut. Mil. 4, 3, 33.—In jest: sine bona gratia abire, of things cast away, Plaut Truc. 2, 7, 15.—Pleon., in the phrase bonam gratiam habere, = gratiam habere, to thank (v. B. 2. k.), Plaut. Rud. 2, 5, 32; id. Bacch. 4, 8, 99.—8.Bona pars.(α).The well-disposed part of a body of persons:(β).ut plerumque fit, major pars (i. e. of the senate) meliorem vicit,
Liv. 21, 4, 1:pars melior senatus ad meliora responsa trahere,
id. 7, 21, 6.—The good party, i. e. the optimates (gen. in plur.):(γ).civem bonarum partium,
Cic. Sest. 32, 77:(fuit) meliorum partium aliquando,
id. Cael. 6, 13:qui sibi gratiam melioris partis velit quaesitam,
Liv. 2, 44, 3.—Paronom.: (Roscius) semper partium in re publica tam quam in scaena optimarum, i. e. party and part in a drama, Cic. Sest. 56, 120.—Of things or persons, a considerable part (cf. a good deal):(δ).bonam partem ad te adtulit,
Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 43:bonam partem sermonis in hunc diem esse dilatam,
Cic. Or. 2, 3, 14:bonam magnamque partem exercitus,
Val. Max. 5, 2, ext. 4:bona pars noctium,
Quint. 12, 11, 19:bona pars hominum,
Hor. S. 1, 1, 61:meae vocis... bona pars,
id. C. 4, 2, 46; so id. A. P. 297; Ov. P. 1, 8, 74:melior pars diei,
Verg. A. 9, 156.—Rarely, and mostly eccl. Lat.: optima pars, the best part or lot:(ε).nostri melior pars animus est,
Sen. Q. N. 1, prooem. § 14; cf.:quae pars optima est in homine,
best, most valuable, Cic. Tusc. 5, 23, 67:major pars aetatis, certe melior reipublicae data sit,
Sen. Brev. Vit. 18, 1:Maria optimam partem elegit, quae non auferetur ab ea,
Vulg. Luc. 10, 42.—Adverb.:(ζ).bonam partem = ex magna parte,
Lucr. 6, 1249.—Aliquem in optimam partem cognoscere, to know somebody from his most favorable side, Cic. Off. 2, 13, 46: aliquid in optimam partem accipere, to take something in good part, interpret it most favorably:9.Caesar mihi ignoscit quod non venerim, seseque in optimam partem id accipere dicit,
id. Att. 10, 3 a, 2; id. ad Brut. 1, 2, 3:quaeso ut hoc in bonam partem accipias,
id. Rosc. Am. 16, 45.—Dies bonus or bona.(α).A day of good omen, a fortunate day (= dies laetus, faustus):(β).tum tu igitur die bono, Aphrodisiis, addice, etc.,
Plaut. Poen. 2, 49:nunc dicenda bona sunt bona verba die,
Ov. F. 1, 72.—A beautiful, serene day, Sen. Vit. Beat. 22, 3.—10.Bonus mos.(α).Boni mores, referring to individuals, good, decent, moral habits:(β).nihil est amabilius quam morum similitudo bonorum,
Cic. Off. 1, 17, 56:nam hic nimium morbus mores invasit bonos,
Plaut. Trin. 1, 1, 6:domi militiaeque boni mores colebantur,
Sall. C. 9, 1:propter ejus suavissimos et optimos mores,
Cic. Phil. 3, 5, 13:cum per tot annos matronae optimis moribus vixerint,
Liv. 34, 6, 9:mores meliores,
Plaut. Aul. 3, 5, 18.—Bonus mos or boni mores, in the abstract, morality, the laws, rules of morality: ei vos morigerari mos bonu'st, it is a rule of morality that you should, etc., Plaut. Capt. 2, 1, 4:11.ex optimo more et sanctissima disciplina,
Cic. Phil. 2, 28, 69:neglegentia boni moris,
Sen. Ep. 97, 1.—Jurid. t. t.:conventio, mandatum contra bonos mores,
in conflict with morality, Quint. 3, 1, 57; Dig. 16, 3, 1, § 7; Gai. Inst. 3, 157 et saep. —Adverbial phrases.a.Bono animo esse, or bonum animum habere.(α).To be of good cheer or courage:(β).bono animo es! Liberabit ille te homo,
Plaut. Merc 3, 1, 33; so id. Aul. 4, 10, 61; id. Mil. 4, 8, 32; id. Rud. 3, 3, 17; Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 4; id. Heaut. 4, 6, 18; id. Ad. 2, 4, 20; 3, 5, 1; 4, 2, 4; 4, 5, 62; id. Phorm. 5, 8, 72:animo bono es,
Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 103; id. Am. 2, 2, 48; 5, 2, 1:bono animo es, inquit Scrofa, et fiscinam expedi,
Varr. R. R. 1, 26:bono animo sint et tui et mei familiares,
Cic. Fam. 6, 18, 1; 6, 10, 29:bono animo esse jubere eam consul,
Liv. 39, 13, 7:habe modo bonum animum,
Plaut. Capt. 1, 2, 58; so id. Am. 1, 3, 47; id. Truc. 2, 6, 44; id. Aul. 2, 2, 15:habe animum bonum,
id. Cas. 2, 6, 35; id. Ep. 2, 2, 1; 4, 2, 31:bonum animum habe,
Liv. 45, 8, 5:clamor ortus ut bonum animum haberet,
id. 8, 32, 1; so Sen. Ep. 87, 38.—Bono animo esse, or facere aliquid, to be of a good or friendly disposition, or to do with good, honest intentions:(γ).audire jubet vos imperator histricus, bonoque ut animo sedeant in subselliis qui, etc.,
Plaut. Poen. prol. 5: sunt enim (consules) [p. 246] optimo animo, summo consilio, of the best disposition, Cic. Phil. 3, 1, 2:bono te animo tum populus Romanus... dicere existimavit ea quae sentiebatis, sed, etc.,
id. Imp. Pomp. 19, 56:quod nondum bono animo in populum Romanum viderentur,
Caes. B. G. 1, 6; Quint. 7, 4, 15.—Bonus animus, good temper, patience:b.bonus animus in mala re dimidium mali est,
Plaut. Ps. 1, 5, 37:vos etiam hoc animo meliore feratis,
Ov. M. 9, 433.—Bono modo.(α).= placide, with composure, moderation:(β).si quis quid deliquerit, pro noxa bono modo vindicet,
Cato, R. R. 5:haec tibi tam sunt defendenda quam moenia, mihi autem bono modo, tantum quantum videbitur,
Cic. Ac. 2, 44, 137.—In a decent manner:c.neu quisquam prohibeto filium quin amet... quod bono fiat modo,
Plaut. Merc. 5, 4, 62. —Jure optimo or optimo jure, with good, perfect right:II.te ipse jure optumo incuses licet,
Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 23; id. Rud. 2, 6, 53:ut jure optimo me deserere posses,
Cic. Fam. 3, 8, 6; Sen. Ot. Sap. 2 (29), 2.—With pass. or intr. verb, deservedly:ne jure optimo irrideamur,
Cic. Off. 1, 31, 111; cf. id. ib. 1, 42, 151; id. Marcell. 1, 4;similarly, optimo judicio,
Val. Max. 2, 9, 2.As subst.A.bŏnus, boni, m.; of persons.1.In sing. or plur. orig. = bonus vir, boni viri; v. I. A. 1. a. b, supra, a morally good man.(α).Plur.:(β).bonis quod bene fit haud perit,
Plaut. Rud. 4, 3, 2; id. Capt. 2, 2, 108; id. Trin. 2, 1, 55; id. Pers. 4, 5, 2:melius apud bonos quam apud fortunatos beneficium collocari puto,
Cic. Off. 2, 20, 71:verum esse ut bonos boni diligant, quamobrem... bonis inter bonos quasi necessariam (esse) benevolentiam,
id. Lael. 14, 50:diverso itinere malos a bonis loca taetra... habere,
Sall. C. 52, 13; 7, 2; 52, 22:oderunt peccare boni virtutis amore,
Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 52:tam bonis quam malis conduntur urbes,
Sen. Ben. 4, 28, 4; so id. Vit. Beat. 15, 6; Quint. 9, 2, 76.—Rarely bŏnae, arum, f., good women:quia omnes bonos bonasque adcurare addecet, etc.,
Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 41.—Sing.:2.malus bonum malum esse volt ut sit sui similis,
Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 8:nec enim cuique bono mali quidquam evenire potest,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 41, 99; cf.:qui meliorem audax vocet in jus,
Hor. S. 2, 5, 29.—Bonus, a man of honor.(α).A brave man:(β).pro qua (patria) quis bonus dubitet mortem oppetere si ei sit profuturus?
Cic. Off. 1, 17, 57:libertatem quam nemo bonus nisi cum anima simul amittat,
Sall. C. 33, 5:fortes creantur fortibus et bonis,
Hor. C. 4, 4, 29 (opp. ignavi):fama impari boni atque ignavi erant,
Sall. J. 57, 6; 53, 8; id. C. 11, 2. —A gentleman:3. (α).quis enim umquam, qui paululum modo bonorum consuetudinem nosset, litteras ad se ab amico missas... in medium protulit?
Cic. Phil. 2, 4, 7.—In gen. (of political sentiments, = optimates, opp. populares, seditiosi, perditi cives, etc.;(β).so usu. in Cic.): meam causam omnes boni proprie enixeque susceperant,
Cic. Sest. 16, 38:audaces homines et perditi nutu impelluntur... boni, nescio quomodo, tardiores sunt, etc.,
id. ib. 47, 100:ego Kal. Jan. senatum et bonos omnes legis agrariae... metu liberavi,
id. Pis. 2, 4:etenim omnes boni, quantum in ipsis fuit, Caesarem occiderunt,
id. Phil. 2, 13, 29; id. Fam. 5, 2, 8; 5, 21, 2; id. Sest. 2, 5; 16, 36; 48, 103; id. Planc. 35, 86; id. Mil. 2, 5; id. Off. 2. 12, 43:maledictis increpat omnes bonos,
Sall. C. 21, 4; 19, 2; 33, 3; Hirt. B. G. 8, 22; so,optimi,
Cic. Leg. 3, 17, 37; and, ironically, boni identified with the rich:bonorum, id est lautorum et locupletum,
id. Att. 8, 1, 3.—Without reference to political views;4.opp. vulgus (rare): nihil ego istos moror fatuos mores quibus boni dedecorant se,
Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 22:semper in civitate quibus opes nullae sunt bonis invident,
Sall. C. 37, 3:elatus est sine ulla pompa funeris, comitantibus omnibus bonis, maxima vulgi frequentia,
Nep. Att. 22, 2.—So, mĕlĭōres, um, m., one ' s betters:ut quaestui habeant male loqui melioribus,
Plaut. Poen. 3, 3, 13:da locum melioribus,
Ter. Phorm. 3, 2, 37.—Boni, bone, in addresses, as an expression of courtesy, Hor. S. 2, 2, 1; 2, 6, 51; 2, 6, 95; id. Ep. 2, 2, 37; ironice, id. S. 2, 3, 31.—5.Optimus quisque = quivis bonus, omnes boni.(α).Referring to morality:(β).esse aliquid natura pulcrum quod optimus quisque sequeretur,
every good man, Cic. Sen. 13, 43:qui ita se gerebant ut sua consilia optimo cuique probarent, optimates habebantur,
id. Sest. 45, 96; id. Off. 1, 43, 154; id. Fin. 1, 7, 24; id. Sest. 54, 115; and = even the best:quare deus optimum quemque mala valetudine adficit?
Sen. Prov. 4, 8.—Of the educated classes:(γ). (δ).adhibenda est quaedam reverentia adversus homines, et optimi cujusque et reliquorum,
Cic. Off. 1, 28, 99; cf. id. ib. 1, 25, 85:Catilina plerisque consularibus, praeterea optumo cuique, litteras mittit,
Sall. C. 34, 2:optimo cuique infesta libertas,
Sen. Ot. Sap. 8, 2 (32 fin.).—In gen., excellent:(ε).optimus quisque facere quam dicere... malebat,
Sall. C. 8, 5.—Distributively:(ζ).ita imperium semper ad optumum quemque a minus bono transfertur,
to the best man in each instance, Sall. C. 2, 6.—Referring to another superlative ( = quo quisque melior eo magis, etc.):(η).hic aditus laudis qui semper optimo cuique maxime patuit,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 1, 1; so id. Lael. 4, 14; id. Inv. 2, 11, 36; Sen. Vit. Beat. 18, 1.—Attributively, with a noun:2. 1.optimam quamque causam,
Cic. Sest. 43, 93:optima quaeque dies,
Verg. G. 3, 66.Bonum, or plur. bona, a good, or goods in a moral and metaphysical sense, a moral good, a blessing: sunt autem hae de finibus defensae sententiae: nihil bonum nisi honestum, ut Stoici; nihil bonum nisi voluptatem, ut Epicurus;2.nihil bonum nisi vacuitatem doloris, ut Hieronymus... tria genera bonorum, maxima animi, secunda corporis, externa tertia, ut Peripatetici, etc.,
Cic. Tusc. 5, 30, 84 sq.:quid est igitur bonum? Si quid recte fit et honeste et cum virtute, id bene fieri vere dicitur, et quod rectum et honestum et cum virtute est, id solum opinor bonum,
id. Par. 1, 1, 9:ut quis intellegat, quid sit illud simplex et verum bonum quod non possit ab honestate sejungi,
id. Ac. 1, 2, 7:non-est igitur voluptas bonum,
id. Fin. 1, 11, 39: finis bonorum et malorum (telos agathôn) = summa bona et mala:sunt nonnullae disciplinae quae, propositis bonorum et malorum finibus, officium omne pervertant. Nam qui summum bonum sic instituit ut, etc.,
id. Off. 1, 2, 5; cf. id. Par. 1, 3, 14; id. Ac. 2, 9, 29; 2, 36, 114; 2, 42, 129; id. Fin. 1, 9, 29; 1, 12, 42; id. Tusc. 4, 31, 66; Sen. Vit. Beat. 24, 5; id. Ep. 117, 1 et saep.—Bonum, what is valuable, beneficial, estimable, favorable, pleasant, physically or mentally:3.quoi boni Tantum adfero quantum ipsus a diis optat,
Plaut. Capt. 4, 1, 9:multa bona vobis volt facere,
will do you much good, id. Poen. 5, 4, 60; id. Am. prol. 43, 49; id. Pers. 4, 8, 4; 2, 3, 14; id. Cas. 2, 8, 32:tum demum nostra intellegemus bona quom ea amisimus,
id. Capt. 1, 2, 33:multa tibi di dent bona,
id. Poen. 1, 1, 80; cf. id. ib. 3, 3, 54; 3, 3, 74; id. Mil. 3, 1, 120; id. Men. 3, 3, 34; id. Pers. 4, 3, 23; id. Truc. 1, 2, 23; id. Merc. 1, 2, 40; id. Most. 1, 1, 47:omnia Bona dicere,
to speak in the highest terms of one, Ter. And. 1, 1, 70:sed ne vivus quidem bono caret, si eo non indiget,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 36, 88:cum quaecumque bona Peripateticis, eadem Stoicis commoda viderentur,
id. ib. 5, 41, 120:nihil enim boni nosti,
nothing that is good for any thing, id. Phil. 2, 7, 16:mala pro bonis legere dementia est,
Sen. Vit. Beat. 6, 1; Val. Max. 5, 3, ext. 3 fin.; Hor. S. 1, 2, 73:quia bonum sit valere,
a good thing, Cic. Fin. 4, 23, 62 (cf. III. A. 5. infra):melius: quo quidem haud scio an... quidquam melius sit homini a dis immortalibus datum,
id. Lael. 6, 20:meliora... Aristotelem de istis rebus scripsisse,
id. Or. 1, 10, 43:optimum: difficillimum est formam exponere optimi,
id. ib. 11, 36.— Here belongs the phrase boni consulere;v. consulo.—So after prepositions: in bonum vertere, v. under verto: in melius ire,
to change for the better, Tac. A. 12, 68.—In the same sense: in melius aliquid referre, or reflectere ( poet.), Verg. A. 1, 281; 11, 426; 10, 632:ad melius transcurrere,
to pass over to something better, Hor. S. 2, 2, 82.—Bonum or bona, prosperity:4.fortiter malum qui patitur, idem post patitur bonum,
Plaut. As. 2, 2, 58:nulli est homini perpetuum bonum,
id. Curc. 1, 3, 33:unā tecum bona, mala tolerabimus,
Ter. Phorm. 3, 3, 23:quibus in bonis fuerint et nunc quibus in malis sint, ostenditur ( = in secundis, in adversis rebus),
Cic. Inv. 1, 55, 107.—Good qualities, gifts:5.omnia adsunt bona, quem penes'st virtus,
Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 30:magnis illi et divinis bonis hanc licentiam adsequebantur,
Cic. Off. 1, 41, 148:nisi qui se suā gravitate et castimoniā... tum etiam naturali quodam bono defenderet, etc.,
id. Cael. 5, 11:hunc meā sententiā divinis quibusdam bonis instructum atque ornatum puto,
id. ib. 17, 39:non intellego quod bonum cuiquam sit apud tales viros profuturum,
id. Balb. 28, 63:gaude isto tuo tam excellenti bono,
id. Marcell. 6, 19; so id. Imp. Pomp. 16, 49.—Advantage, benefit:6.si plus adipiscare, re explicatā, boni, quam addubitatā mali,
Cic. Off. 1, 24, 83:saepe cogitavi bonine an mali plus adtulerit... eloquentiae studium,
id. Inv. 1, 1, 1; 2, 35, 106; id. Off. 2, 2, 5; id. Sest. 10, 24:maximum bonum in celeritate ponebat,
Sall. C. 43, 4; so, bono publico (abl.), for the public good:hoc ita si fit, publico fiat bono,
Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 183; Liv. 2, 44, 3; Dig. 41, 3, 1.—With aequum, what is fair and good, the fair ( thing), fairness, equity:7. a.si bonum aequomque oras,
Plaut. Most. 3, 1, 149; so id. Pers. 3, 1, 71; id. Rud. 1, 2, 94; id. Men. 4, 2, 11:si tu aliquam partem aequi bonique dixeris,
Ter. Phorm. 4, 3, 32; id. Heaut. 4, 1, 29; id. Ad. 1, 1, 39:a quo vivo nec praesens nec absens quidquam aequi bonique impetravit,
Cic. Phil. 2, 37, 94.—Hence, aequo et bono, or ex aequo et bono, in ( with) fairness, in equity, Ter. Ad. 5, 9, 30; Auct. Her. 2, 10, 14; 2, 12, 18; 2, 13, 20; Gai. Inst. 3, 137: aequi bonique, as gen. of value, with facere:istuc, Chreme, Aequi bonique facio,
I place a fair and proper value on it, Ter. Heaut. 4, 5, 40.—In gen.:b.paterna oportet reddi filio bona,
Plaut. Poen. 5, 2, 120:bona sua med habiturum omnia,
id. Truc. 2, 4, 49; cf. id. ib. 2, 7, 6; 4, 2, 29; id. Rud. 2, 6, 22; id. Most. 1, 3, 77; id. Trin. 4, 4, 3; Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 4:bona mea diripiebantur atque ad consulem deferebantur,
Cic. Sest. 24, 54:cum de capite, civis et de bonis proscriptio ferretur,
id. ib. 30, 65:bona, fortunas, possessiones omnium,
id. Caecin. 13, 38:at mulctantur bonis exsules,
id. Tusc. 5, 37, 106; id. Off. 2, 23, 81; id. Par. 1, 1, 7; id. Sest. 19, 42; 43, 94; 52, 111; id. Phil. 2, 26, 64; Caes. B. G. 7, 3; Liv. 2, 3, 5; 2, 5, 5; 4, 15, 8; Tac. A. 2, 48; Quint. 6, 1, 19 et saep.—Bonorum possessio, the possession of one ' s property by another.(α).Bonorum possessio in consequence of bonorum cessio, i. e. an assignment of one ' s property for the benefit of creditors, Dig. 42, tit. 3.—(β).Bonorum possessio granted by the prætor against a contumacious or insolvent debtor (in bona mittere, in bona ire jubere, bona possidere jubere, etc.); cf. Dig. 42, tit. 4:(γ).postulat a Burrieno Naevius ut ex edicto bona possidere liceat,
Cic. Quint. 6, 25, and the whole of c. 8:edixit... neu quis militis... bona possideret aut venderet,
Liv. 2, 24, 6:bona proscribere,
to offer the property thus transferred for sale, Cic. Quint. 6, 25.—Chiefly referring to the property of a defunct person (hereditas), where the prætor, till the heir had proved his right, granted a bonorum possessio secundum tabulas or contra tabulas, Dig. 37, tit. 4; 37, tit. 11.—c.In bonis esse;III.with reference to the older civil law, which distinguished between civil property (habere rem ex jure Quiritium) and natural property (rem in bonis habere, res in bonis est),
Gai. Inst. 2, 40, 41; Dig. 40, 12, 38, § 2; 37, 6, 2, § 1; 37, 6, 3, § 2; ib. Fragm. 1, 16; Gai. Inst. 1, 22; 1, 35; 1, 222; 1, 167; Dig. 1, 8, 1; 27, 10, 10:neque bonorum possessorum, neque... res pleno jure fiunt, sed in bonis efficiuntur,
ib. Fragm. 3, 80.—Hence, nullam omnino arbitrabamur de eā hereditate controversiam eum habiturum, et est hodie in bonis, i. e. [p. 247] the bonorum possessio has been granted to him, which did not give full ownership, but effected only that the hereditas was in bonis. Cic. Fam. 13, 30, 1.Predicative use.A.With nouns or pronouns as subjects.1.Bonum esse, to be morally good, honest:2.nunc mihi bonae necessum est esse ingratiis, Quamquam esse nolo,
Plaut. Cist. 2, 3, 82:bonam ego quam beatam me esse nimio dici mavolo,
id. Poen. 1, 2, 93; so id. Capt. 2, 1, 44; id. Men. 4, 2, 6; id. Rud. prol. 29:itaque viros fortes magnanimos eosdem, bonos et simplices... esse volumus,
Cic. Off. 1, 19, 63; cf. id. ib. 3, 21, 84; id. Att. 15, 6, 1:Cato esse quam videri bonus malebat,
Sall. C. 54, 5:ut politiora, non ut meliora fiant ingenia,
Val. Max. 5, 4, ext. 5 fin. —To be beneficial, prosperous, advantageous, valuable, favorable, serviceable, correct, with reference to both persons and things as subjects, and in regard to physical and mental relations:3.jam istuc non bonumst,
Plaut. Merc. 2, 2, 29; Cato, R. R. 157:oleum viridius et melius fiet,
id. ib. 3:vinum ut alvum bonam faciat,
to correct the bowels, id. ib. 156:quid est homini salute melius?
Plaut. As. 3, 3, 127:non optuma haec sunt, verum meliora quam deterruma,
id. Trin. 2, 3, 1:quid est quod huc possit quod melius sit accedere?
Cic. Fin. 1, 12, 41; 1, 18, 57; id. Tusc. 1, 41, 99:in quo (vestitu), sicut in plerisque rebus, mediocritas optima est,
id. Off. 1, 36, 130; 2, 17, 59; id. Inv. 1, 31, 51; id. Or. 2, 6; 11, 36:meliorem tamen militem... in futura proelia id certamen fecit,
Liv. 2, 51, 3:parvus ut est cygni melior canor, ille gruum quam Clamor,
Lucr. 4, 181; 4, 191:si meliora dies, ut vina, poemata reddit,
Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 34.—So in the optative formula:quod bonum, faustum, felixque sit,
Liv. 1, 28, 7; 1, 17, 10; 39, 15, 1; 3, 54;3, 34.—Also, quod bonum atque fortunatum mihi sit,
Plaut. Cas. 2, 6, 50;and with a noun as subject: ut nobis haec habitatio Bona, fausta, felix, fortunataque evenat,
Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 3.—To be kind:4.bonus cum probis'st (erus), malus cum malis,
Plaut. Most. 4, 1, 22:hic si vellet bonus ac benignus Esse,
Hor. S. 1, 2, 52.—With reference to the gods:B.ecastor ambae (Fortuna et Salus sunt bonae,
Plaut. As. 3, 3, 129:Palladis aut oculos ausa negare bonos (esse),
Prop. 3, 24, 12 (2, 28, 12).—Impers.1.Bonum est (very rare for the class. bene est; v. bene).(α). (β).With subject inf.:2.nam et stulte facere, et stulte fabularier in aetate haud bonum est,
Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 61:bonum est pauxillum amare, insane non bonum est,
id. Curc. 1, 3,20.—Melius est.(α).With subject inf.:(β).melius sanam est mentem sumere,
Plaut. Men. 5, 2, 51:nihil sentire est melius quam tam prava sentire,
Cic. Ac. 2, 40, 125; cf. id. Fin. 1, 19, 62; id. Off. 1, 43, 156; so,melius fuit, fuisset, or fuerat,
it would have been better, id. N. D. 3, 33; id. Sen. 23, 82; id. Off. 3, 25, 94:proinde quiesse erit melius,
Liv. 3, 48, 3; 3, 41, 3; Verg. A. 11, 303.—With subject inf.-clause:(γ).meliu'st te quae sunt mandata tibi praevortier,
Plaut. Merc. 2, 3, 125; id. Men. 5, 9, 32.—With ut-clause:(δ).quid melius quam ut hinc intro abeam et me suspendam clanculum,
Plaut. Rud. 4, 4, 145; so id. Ps. 4, 7, 18.—With subjectclause in the subjunctive:3.nunc quid mihi meliu'st quam ilico hic opperiar erum,
Plaut. Rud. 2, 2, 22.—Optimum est.(α).With subject inf.:(β).optimum visum est, captivos quam primum deportare,
Liv. 23, 34, 8:si quis dicit optimum esse navigare,
Sen. Ot. Sap. 8, 4 (32 fin.); so, optimum fuit, it would have been better, and optimum erat, it would be better, Quint. 6, prooem. 3; 11, 2, 33; Hor. S. 2, 1, 7.—With inf.-clause:(γ).constituerunt optimum esse, domum suam quemque reverti,
Caes. B. G. 2, 10: optimum visum est, in fluctuantem aciem tradi equos, etc., Liv 6, 24, 10; 22, 27, 6.—With ut and subj:(δ).hoc vero optimum, ut is qui, etc., id ultimum bonorum, id ipsum quid et quale sit nesciat,
Cic. Fin. 2, 3, 6.—With quod:(ε).illa vero optima (sunt) quod cum Haluntium venisset Archagathum vocari jussit,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 23, § 51:optimum vero (est) quod dictaturae nomen in perpetuum de re publica sustulisti,
id. Phil. 2, 36, 91.—With second sup., in the phrase optumum factu est (where factu is redundant):IV.sed hoc mihi optumum factu arbitror,
Plaut. Stich. 1, 2, 16:optimum factu esse duxerant frumento... nostros prohibere,
Caes. B. G. 4, 30:optumum factu credens exercitum augere,
Sall. C. 32, 1 (Kritz, factum); 57, 5 (Kritz, factum).Ellipt. use: di meliora, i. e. dent or velint, i. e. let the gods grant better things than what you say, etc.; God forbid! in full:V.di melius duint,
Ter. Phorm. 5, 9, 16:di meliora velint!
Ov. M. 7, 37.—Ellipt.:di meliora! inquit,
Cic. Sen. 14, 47:id ubi mulier audivit, perturbata, dii meliora inquit, etc.,
Liv. 39, 10, 2; 9, 9, 6; Verg. G. 3, 513;similarly, di melius, i. e. fecerunt,
Val. Max. 6, 1, ext. 3.With object expressed,1.By dat.(α).= good, useful, beneficial for:(β).ambula, id lieni optumum est,
Plaut. Curc. 2, 1, 25:quia vobis eadem quae mihi bona malaque esse intellexi,
Sall. C. 20, 3:bona bello Cornus, jaculis, etc.,
Verg. G. 2, 447.—= benignus or propitius, kind to:(γ).vicinis bonus esto,
Cato, R. R. 4:bene merenti mala es, male merenti bona es,
Plaut. As. 1, 2, 3:vos o mihi Manes, Este boni,
Verg. A. 12, 647.—= idoneus, fit for, adapted to:(δ).qui locus vino optimus dicetur esse,
Cato, R. R. 6:tum erit ei rei optumum tempus,
id. ib. 26:terra cui putre solum, Optima frumentis,
Verg. G. 2, 205; 2, 319; 1, 286.—With sum and dat., in the phrase alicui bono est, it is of service to one, profits him:(ε).accusant in quibus occidi patrem Sex. Roscii bono fuit,
Cic. Rosc. Am. 5, 13:bono fuisse Romanis adventum eorum constabat,
Liv. 7, 12, 4.—Hence, with rel. dat.: cui bono (est), for whose advantage it is:quod si quis usurpet illud Cassianum cui bono fuerit, etc.,
Cic. Phil. 2, 14, 35:cui bono fuisset,
id. Rosc. Am. 30, 84; id. Mil. 12, 32 Ascon. ad loc.; cf.ellipt. form cui bono?
Prisc. p. 1208 P.—With dat. gerund:2.ager oleto conserundo qui in Favonium spectavit, aliis bonus nullus erit,
Cato, R. R. 6; Varr. R. R. 1, 24:(mons) quia pecori bonus alendo erat,
Liv. 29, 31; 9, 10.—By ad and acc.:refert et ad quam rem bona aut non bona sit,
Varr. R. R. 1, 91:occasio quaeritur idoneane fuerit ad rem adoriendam, an alia melior,
Auct. Her. 2, 4, 7:non campos modo militi Romano ad proelium bonos, etc.,
Tac. A. 2, 14. -
9 optimum
bŏnus (old form dŭonus, Carm. Sall. ap. Varr. L. L. 7, § 26 Mull.; cf. Paul. ex Fest. p. 67 Mull.), a, um, adj. [for duonus, cf. bellum, bis, and cf. root dvi-; hence deidô, deos], good; comp. melior, us [cf. Gr. mala, mallon], better; sup. optimus ( optumus, ante-class. and often class.) [root opof ops, opes; cf. copia, apiscor], best.I.Attributively.A.As adjunct of nouns denoting persons.1.Vir bonus.(α).A man morally good (kalos kagathos):(β).quoniam boni me viri pauperant, improbi alunt,
Plaut. Poen. 5, 4, 60:omnibus virtutibus instructos et ornatos tum sapientes, tum viros bonos dicimus,
Cic. Tusc. 5, 10, 28:ille vir bonus qui... intolerabili dolore lacerari potius quam aut officium prodat aut fidem,
id. Ac. 2, 8, 23:sive vir bonus est is qui prodest quibus potest, nocet nemini, certe istum virum bonum non facile reperimus,
id. Off. 3, 15, 64:qui se ita gerunt ut eorum probitas, fides, integritas, etc.... hos viros bonos... appellandos putemus,
id. Lael. 5, 19:non intellegunt se de callido homine loqui, non de bono viro,
id. Att. 7, 2, 4:ut quisque est vir optimus, ita difficillime esse alios improbos suspicatur,
id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 4, § 12:nec enim melior vir fuit Africano quisquam, nec clarior,
id. Lael. 2, 6; id. Leg. 1, 14, 41; 1, 18, 48; id. Planc. 4, 9; id. Par. 3, 1, 21; id. Marcell. 6, 20; id. Fam. 7, 21; id. Off. 2, 16, 57.—An honest man:(γ).justitia, ex qua viri boni nominantur,
Cic. Off. 1, 7, 21; 1, 44, 155; 2, 11, 39; 2, 12, 42; 2, 20, 71;3, 12, 50: cum is sponsionem fecisset ni vir bonus esset,
id. ib. 3, 19, 77:quoniam Demosthenes nec vir bonus esset, nec bene meritus de civitate,
id. Opt. Gen. 7, 20; cf. id. Rosc. Am. 40, 116.—A man of good standing in the community:(δ).id viri boni arbitratu deducetur,
Cato, R. R. 143; so id. ib. 149:tuam partem viri bono arbitratu... dari oportet,
Dig. 17, 1, [p. 244] 35;37, 6, 2, § 2: quem voles virum bonum nominato,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 25, § 55:vir bonus est... quo res sponsore, et quo causae teste tenentur,
Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 40.—Hence, ironically of wealthy men:praetores jus dicunt, aediles ludos parant, viri boni usuras perscribunt,
Cic. Att. 9, 12, 3.—Ironically of bad men:(ε).sed eccum lenonem Lycum, bonum virum,
Plaut. Poen. 5, 5, 52; Ter. Eun. 5, 3, 9; 4, 3, 18; id. Ad. 3, 4, 30:expectabam quinam isti viri boni testes hujus manifesto deprehensi veneni dicerentur,
Cic. Cael. 26, 63:nam socer ejus, vir multum bonus est,
id. Agr. 3, 3, 13;so especially in addresses (mostly comic.): age tu, illuc procede, bone vir!
Plaut. Capt. 5, 2, 1; id. Curc. 5, 2, 12; id. Ps. 4, 7, 48; id. Pers. 5, 2, 11; Ter. And. 3, 5, 10; 5, 2, 5; id. Ad. 4, 2, 17; id. Eun. 5, 2, 11:quid tu, vir optime? Ecquid habes quod dicas?
Cic. Rosc. Am. 36, 104.—Sometimes boni viri = boni, in the sense of optimates (v. I. A. 3.):(ζ).bonis viris quid juris reliquit tribunatus C. Gracchi?
Cic. Leg. 3, 9, 20.—As a conventional courtesy:2.homines optimi non intellegunt, etc.,
Cic. Fin. 1, 7, 25:bone accusator,
id. Rosc. Am. 21, 58:sic illum amicum vocasti, quomodo omnes candidatos bonos viros dicimus,
gentlemen, Sen. Ep. 3, 1.—For bonus vir, a good husband, v. 3.; and for vir optimus, as a laudatory epithet, v. 5.—Boni homines (rare) = boni, better classes of society, v. II. A. 3:3.in foro infimo boni homines atque dites ambulant,
Plaut. Curc. 4, 1, 14.—With nouns denoting persons in regard to their functions, offices, occupations, and qualities, denoting excellence:4.bonus consul,
Liv. 4, 40, 6; 22, 39, 2 (different: consules duos, bonos quidem, sed dumtaxat bonos, amisimus, consuls of good sentiments, almost = bad consuls, Cic. ad Brut. 1, 3, 4):boni tribuni plebis,
Cic. Phil. 1, 10, 25:bonus senator,
id. Prov. Cons. 15, 37:senator bonus,
id. Dom. 4, 8:bonus judex,
id. Verr. 2, 4, 15, § 34:bonus augur (ironically),
id. Phil. 2, 32, 80:bonus vates,
Plaut. Mil. 3, 3, 27:bonus imperator,
Sall. C. 60, 4:bonus dux,
Quint. 12, 1, 43 (cf. trop.:naturam, optimam ducem,
the best guide, Cic. Sen. 2, 5):bonus miles,
Sall. C. 60, 4; Sen. Vit. Beat. 15, 5:bonus orator,
Cic. Fin. 1, 3, 10:optimus orator,
id. Opt. Gen. 1, 3:poeta bonus,
id. de Or. 1, 3, 11; 2, 46, 194; id. Fin. 1, 3, 10:scriptor bonus,
Quint. 10, 1, 104:bonus advocatus,
id. 5, 13, 10:bonus defensor,
id. 5, 13, 3:bonus altercator,
a good debater, id. 6, 4, 10:bonus praeceptor,
id. 5, 13, 44; 10, 5, 22:bonus gubernator,
Cic. Ac. 2, 31, 100:optimus opifex,
Hor. S. 1, 3, 133:sutor bonus,
id. ib. 1, 3, 125:actor optimus,
Cic. Sest. 57, 122:cantor optimus est modulator,
Hor. S. 1, 3, 130:melior gladiator,
Ov. Tr. 4, 6, 33: agricola (colonus, dominus) bonus, Cato, R. R. prooem.; Cic. Sen. 16, 56:bonus paterfamilias,
a thrifty head of the house, Nep. Att. 13, 1:bonus servus,
Plaut. Trin. 4, 3, 58; id. Am. 2, 1, 46; id. Men. 5, 6, 1; Cic. Mil. 22, 58:dominus bonus,
Cato, R. R. 14:bonus custos,
Plaut. Truc. 4, 3, 38.—Ironically, Ter. Phorm. 2, 1, 57:filius bonus,
Plaut. Am. 3, 4, 9:patres,
Quint. 11, 3, 178:parens,
id. 6, prooem. 4: bonus (melior, optimus), viz. a good husband, Cic. Inv. 1, 31, 51 sq.; Liv. 1, 9, 15:uxor melior,
Cic. Inv. 1, 31, 52:amicus,
id. Fam. 2, 15, 3:amicus optimus,
Plaut. Cas. 3, 3, 18:optimus testis,
Cic. Fam. 7, 27, 2:auctor, in two senses,
good authority, id. Att. 5, 12, 3;and = bonus scriptor (post-class.),
Quint. 10, 1, 74.—Esp.:bonus civis (rarely civis bonus): in re publica ea velle quae tranquilla et honesta sint: talem enim solemus et sentire bonum civem et dicere, Cic.-Off. 1, 34, 124: eaque est summa ratio et sapientia boni civis, commoda civium non divellere, atque omnes aequitate eadem continere,
id. ib. 2, 23, 83:eum esse civem et fidelem et bonum,
Plaut. Pers. 1, 2, 15; Cic. Fam. 2, 8, 2; 1, 9, 10; 3, 12, 1; 6, 6, 11; id. Off. 1, 44, 155; Liv. 22, 39, 3; Sall. H. Fragm. 1, 10 Dietsch:optimus et fortissimus civis,
Cic. Fam. 12, 2, 3; id. Sest. 17, 39.—Bonus and optimus as epithets of the gods.(α).In gen.:(β).sed te bonus Mercurius perdat,
Plaut. Cas. 2, 3, 23:fata... bonique divi,
Hor. C. 4, 2, 38:divis orte bonis,
id. ib. 4, 5, 1:O bone deus!
Scrib. Comp. 84 fin.: BONORVM DEORVM, Inscr. ap. Cic. N. D. 3, 34, 84: totidem, pater optime, dixi, Tu mihi da cives, referring to Jupiter, Ov. M. 7, 627.—Optimus Maximus, a standing epithet of Jupiter:(γ).(Juppiter) a majoribus nostris Optimus Maximus (nominatur), et quidem ante optimus, id est beneficentissimus, quam Maximus,
Cic. N. D. 2, 25, 64:Jovem optimum et maximum ob eas res appellant, non quod, etc.,
id. ib. 3, 36, 87:in templo Jovis Optimi Maximi,
id. Sest. 56, 129; id. Prov. Cons. 9, 22:nutu Jovis Optimi Maximi,
id. Cat. 3, 9, 21; Liv. 1, 12, 7; id. 6, 16, 2.—Di boni, O di boni, expressing indignation, sorrow, or surprise:(δ).di boni, hunc visitavi antidhac!
Plaut. Ep. 4, 1, 16:di boni, boni quid porto!
Ter. And. 2, 2, 1:di boni, quid hoc morbi est,
id. Eun. 2, 1, 19; id. Heaut. 2, 3, 13; id. Ad. 3, 3, 86:alter, O di boni, quam taeter incedebat!
Cic. Sest. 8, 19; id. Brut. 84, 288; id. Phil. 2, 8, 20; 2, 32, 80; id. Att. 1, 16, 5; 14, 21, 2; Val. Max. 3, 5, 1; Sen. Vit. Beat. 2, 3.—Bona Dea, etc., v. 6.—5.Optimus as a laudatory epithet.(α).Vir optimus:(β).per vos nobis, per optimos viros optimis civibus periculum inferre conantur,
Cic. Sest. 1, 2:virum optimum et constantissimum M. Cispium,
id. ib. 35, 76:fratrem meum, virum optimum, fortissimum,
id. ib.:consolabor hos praesentes, viros optimos,
id. Balb. 19, 44; id. Planc. 21, 51; 23, 55; id. Mil. 14, 38; id. Marcell. 4, 10; id. Att. 5, 1, 5; Hor. S. 1, 6, 53.—Femina bona, optima:(γ).tua conjunx bona femina,
Cic. Phil. 3, 6, 16:hujus sanctissimae feminae atque optimae pater,
id. ib. —Senex, pater, frater, etc.:(δ).optimus: parentes ejus, prudentissimi atque optimi senis,
Cic. Planc. 41, 97:insuevit pater optimus hoc me,
Hor. S. 1, 4, 105; 2, 1, 12:C. Marcelli, fratris optimi,
Cic. Fam. 4, 7, 6; id. Q. Fr. 2, 6 (8), 2; 2, 4, 2.—With proper names ( poet.):(ε).optimus Vergilius,
Hor. S. 1, 6, 54:Maecenas optimus,
id. ib. 1, 5, 27:optime Quinti,
id. Ep. 1, 16, 1.—Esp. as an epithet of the Roman emperors:6.quid tam civile, tam senatorium quam illud, additum a nobis Optimi cognomen?
Plin. Pan. 2, 7:gratias, inquit, ago, optime Princeps!
Sen. Tranq. 14. 4:ex epistula optimi imperatoris Antonini,
Gai. Inst. 1, 102; cf.:bene te patriae pater optime Caesar,
Ov. F. 2, 637:optime Romulae Custos gentis,
Hor. C. 4, 5, 1.—Bonus and Bona, names of deities.(α).Bona Dea, the goddess of Chastity, whose temple could not be entered by males (cf. Macr. S. 1, 12; Lact. 1, 22):(β).Bonae Deae pulvinaribus,
Cic. Pis. 39, 95; id. Mil. 31, 86; id. Fam. 1, 9, 15; cf.in mal. part.,
Juv. 2, 86 sq.; 6, 314 sq.; 6, 335 sq.—Bonus Eventus, Varr. R. R. 1, 1 med.; Amm. 29, 6, 19; Inscr. Orell. 907; 1780 sq.—(γ).Bona Fortuna:(δ).si bona Fortuna veniat, ne intromiseris,
Plaut. Aul. 1, 3, 22:Bonae Fortunae (signum),
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 3, § 7:FORTVNAE BONAE DOMESTICAE,
Inscr. Orell. 1743 sq. —Bona Spes:(ε).Spes Bona, obsecro, subventa mihi,
Plaut. Rud. 1, 4, 12:BONAE SPEI,
Aug. Inscr. Grut. 1075, 1.—BONA MENS, Inscr. Orell. 1818 sqq.:B.Mens Bona, si qua dea es, tua me in sacraria dono,
Prop. 3, 24, 19.With nouns denoting things.1.Things concrete, denoting excellence:2.navis bona dicitur non quae pretiosis coloribus picta est... sed stabilis et firma,
Sen. Ep. 76, 13:gladium bonum dices, non cui auratus est balteus, etc., sed cui et ad secandum subtilis acies est, et, etc.,
id. ib. 76, 14:id vinum erit lene et bono colore,
Cato, R. R. 109; Lucr. 2, 418; Ov. Am. 2, 7, 9:tabulas... collocare in bono lumine,
Cic. Brut. 75, 261: ex quavis olea oleum... bonum fieri potest. Cato, R. R. 3:per aestatem boves aquam bonam et liquidam bibant semper curato,
id. ib. 73; cf.:bonae aquae, ironically compared to wine,
Prop. 2, 33 (3, 31), 28:praedium bonum caelum habeat,
good temperature, Cato, R. R. 1:bona tempestate,
in good weather, Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 2, 4:(praedium) solo bono valeat,
by good soil, Cato, R. R. 1:bonae (aedes) cum curantur male,
Plaut. Most. 1, 2, 24:villam bonam,
Cic. Off. 3, 13, 55:bonus pons,
Cat. 17, 5:scyphi optimi (= optime facti),
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 14, § 32:perbona toreumata,
id. ib. 2, 4, 18, §38: bona domicilia,
comfortable residences, id. N. D. 2, 37, 95:agrum Meliorem nemo habet,
Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 12:fundum meliorem,
Cic. Inv. 1, 31, 52: fundos optimos et fructuosissimos, id. Agr. 3, 4, 14:equus melior,
id. Inv. 1, 31, 52:bona cena,
Cat. 13, 3:boni nummi,
good, not counterfeit, Plaut. As. 3, 3, 144; Cic. Off. 3, 23, 91:super omnia vultus accessere boni,
good looks, Ov. M. 8, 678:mulier bona forma,
of a fine form, Ter. Heaut. 3, 2, 13:equus formae melioris,
Hor. S. 2, 7, 52:tam bona cervix, simul ac jussero, demetur,
fine, beautiful, Suet. Calig. 33:fruges bonae,
Cat. 34, 19:ova suci melioris,
of better flavor, Hor. S. 2, 4, 13.— Trop.:animus aequus optimum est aerumnae condimentum,
Plaut. Rud. 2, 3, 71: bona dextra, a lucky hand (cf.:bonum omen, 2. e.),
Quint. 6, 3, 69:scio te bona esse voce, ne clama nimis,
good, sound, loud voice, Plaut. Most. 3, 1, 43; so,bona firmaque vox,
Quint. 11, 3, 13.—Things abstract.a.Of physical well-being:b.ut si qui neget sine bona valetudine posse bene vivi,
Cic. Inv. 1, 51, 93; Sen. Vit. Beat. 22, 2; Lucr. 3, 102; Val. Max. 2, 5, 6; Quint. 10, 3, 26; 11, 2, 35 et saep.:non bonus somnus de prandio est,
Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 8:bona aetas,
prime of life, Cic. Sen. 14, 48:optima aetate,
id. Fam. 10, 3, 3.—Ironically:bona, inquis, aetate, etc.,
Sen. Ep. 76, 1.—Of the mind and soul:c.meliore esse sensu,
Cic. Sest. 21, 47:optima indoles,
id. Fin. 5, 22, 61:bona conscientia,
Quint. 6, 1, 33; 9, 2, 93; Sen. Vit. Beat. 20, 5:bono ingenio me esse ornatam quam auro multo mavolo,
with a good heart, Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 91; id. Stich. 1, 21, 59; Sall. C. 10, 5:mens melior,
Ter. Ad. 3, 3, 78; Cic. Phil. 3, 5, 13; Liv. 39, 16, 5; Sen. Ben. 1, 11, 4; id. Ep. 10, 4; Pers. 2, 8; Petr. 61.—Personified, Prop. 3 (4), 24, 19; Ov. Am. 1, 2, 31:duos optimae indolis filios,
Val. Max. 5, 7, 2; Sen. Ben. 6, 16, 6; Quint. 1, 2, 5:bonum consilium,
Plaut. Merc. 2, 3, 6; id. Rud. 4, 3, 18; Cic. Off. 1, 33, 121:bona voluntas,
a good purpose, Quint. 12, 11, 31:memoria bona,
Cic. Att. 8, 4, 2:bona ratio cum perdita... confligit,
id. Cat. 2, 11, 25:bonae rationes,
Ter. Ad. 5, 3, 50:pronuntiatio bona,
Auct. Her. 3, 15, 27.—Of moral relations:d.ego si bonam famam mihi servasso, sat ero dives,
Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 71; Cic. Sest. 66, 139; Liv. 6, 11, 7; Hor. S. 1, 2, 61 (cf. Cic. Att. 7, 26, 1;v. e. infra): si ego in causa tam bona cessi tribuni plebis furori,
Cic. Sest. 16, 36; id. Planc. 36, 87; Ov. M. 5, 220:fac, sis, bonae frugi sies,
of good, regular habits, Plaut. Curc. 4, 2, 35; id. Cas. 2, 4, 5; 2, 5, 19; id. Ps. 1, 5, 53; id. Truc. 1, 1, 13; id. Capt. 5, 2, 3 sq. (v. frux, II. B. 1. b.): vilicus disciplina bona utatur. Cato, R. R. 5:bona studia,
moral pursuits, Auct. Her. 4, 17, 25:quidquid vita meliore parasti,
Hor. S. 2, 3, 15: ad spem mortis melioris, an honorable death; so as an epithet of religious exercises:Juppiter, te bonas preces precor,
Cato, R. R. 134; 139.—Of external, artistic, and literary value and usefulness:e.bono usui estis nulli,
Plaut. Curc. 4, 2, 15:Optumo optume optumam operam das,
id. Am. 1, 1, 122:bonam dedistis mihi operam,
a valuable service to me, id. Poen. 2, 3, 70; 3, 6, 11; id. Pers. 4, 7, 11; id. Rud. 3, 6, 11 (in a different sense: me bona opera aut mala Tibi inventurum esse auxilium argentarium, by fair or unfair means, id. Ps. 1, 1, 102;v. e. infra): optima hereditas a patribus traditur liberis... gloria virtutis rerumque gestarum,
Cic. Off. 1, 33, 121:bonum otium,
valuable leisure, Sall. C. 4, 1:bonis versibus,
Cic. Ac. 2, 23, 74:versus meliores,
Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 81:meliora poemata,
Hor. A. P. 303:in illa pro Ctesiphonte oratione longe optima,
Cic. Or. 8, 26:optimas fabulas,
id. Off. 1, 31, 114:melius munus,
id. Ac. 1, 2, 7.—Favorable, prosperous, lucky, fortunate:f.de Procilio rumores non boni,
unfavorable rumors, Cic. Att. 4, 16, 5:bona de Domitio, praeclara de Afranio fama est,
about their success in the war, id. ib. 7, 26, 1:si fuisset in discipulo comparando meliore fortuna,
id. Pis. 29, 71; cf.fortuna optima esse,
to be in the best pecuniary circumstances, id. ad Brut. 1, 1, 2:occasio tam bona,
Plaut. Most. 2, 2, 9:senex est eo meliore condicione quam adulesoens cum, etc.,
Cic. Sen. 19, 68; id. Fam. 4, 32:bona navigatio,
id. N. D. 3, 34, 83;esp. in phrase bona spes.—Object.: ergo in iis adulescentibus bonam spem esse dicemus et magnam indolem quos, etc.,
Cic. Fin. 2, 35, 117.—Subject.:ego sum spe bona,
Cic. Fam. 12, 28, 3; id. Cat. 2, 11, 25; [p. 245] id. Att. 14, 1 a, 3; id. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 5, § 16:optima spe,
id. Fam. 12, 11, 2.—Pregn., = spes bonarum rerum, Sall. C. 21, 1;v. C. 1. c. infra: meliora responsa,
more favorable, Liv. 7, 21, 6:melior interpretatio,
Tac. H. 3, 65:cum laude et bonis recordationibus,
id. A. 4, 38:amnis Doctus iter melius,
i. e. less injurious, Hor. A. P. 68:omen bonum,
a good, lucky omen, Cic. Pis. 13, 31; cf.Liv. praef. § 13: melius omen,
Ov. F. 1, 221;optimum,
Cic. Fam. 3, 12, 2:bona scaeva,
Plaut. Stich. 5, 2, 24:auspicio optumo,
id. ib. 3, 2, 6; cf.:memini bene, sed meliore Tempore dicam = opportuniore tempore,
Hor. S. 1, 9, 68.—Of public affairs, si mihi bona re publica frui non licuerit, Cic. Mil. 34, 93:g.optima res publica,
id. Or. 1, 1, 1; id. Phil. 1, 8, 19:minus bonis temporibus,
id. Dom. 4, 8; so,optimis temporibus,
id. Sest. 3, 6:nostrae res meliore loco videbantur,
id. ad Brut. 1, 3, 1:lex optima,
id. Pis. 16, 37; id. Sest. 64, 137; id. Phil, 1, 8, 19.—Good = large, considerable:h.bono atque amplo lucro,
Plaut. Am. prol. 6:bona librorum copia,
Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 109; cf.:bona copia cornu,
Ov. M. 9, 88; v. bona pars, C. 8. g.—Noble; with genus, good family, noble extraction, honorable birth: quali me arbitraris genere prognatum? Eu. Bono, Plaut. Aul. 2, 2, 35; so id. Ep. 1, 2, 4; 2, 1, 3; id. Pers. 4, 4, 94:k.si bono genere natus sit,
Auct. Her. 3, 7, 13.—Referring to good-will, kindness, faithfulness, in certain phrases.(α).Bona venia or cum bona venia, with the kind permission of a person addressed, especially bona venia orare, expetere, etc.:(β).primum abs te hoc bona venia expeto,
Ter. Phorm. 2, 3, 31:bona tua venia dixerim,
Cic. Leg. 3, 15, 34:oravit bona venia Quirites, ne, etc.,
Liv. 7, 41, 3:obsecro vos.. bona venia vestra liceat, etc.,
id. 6, 40, 10:cum bona venia quaeso audiatis, etc.,
id. 29, 17, 6; Arn. c. Gent. 1, p. 5; cf.. sed des veniam bonus oro = venia bona oro,
Hor. S. 2, 4, 5.—Bona pax, without quarrelling:(γ).bona pax sit potius,
let us have no quarrel about that, Plaut. Pers. 2, 2, 7;so especially cum bona pace, or bona pace: Hannibal ad Alpis cum bona pace incolentium... pervenit,
without a difficulty with the inhabitants, Liv. 21, 32, 6; 21, 24, 5; 1, 24, 3; 28, 37, 4; 8, 15, 1; cf.: si bonam (pacem) dederitis, = a fair peace, under acceptable conditions, id. 8, 21, 4.—Amicitia bona = bona fide servata, faithful, undisturbed friendship:(δ).igitur amicitia Masinissae bona atque honesta nobis permansit,
Sall. J. 5, 5.—Bona societas, alliance:C.Segestes, memoria bonae societatis, impavidus,
Tac. A. 1, 58.In particular phrases.1.Bonae res.a.= Vitae commoda, comforts of life, abstract or concrete:b.concedatur bonis rebus homines morte privari,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 36, 87:optimis rebus usus est,
he had every most desirable thing, Nep. Att. 18, 1.—= Res secundae, opp. res adversae, prosperity:c.bonis rebus tuis, meas irrides malas,
Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 45:in bonis rebus,
Hor. C. 2, 3, 2. —Res bona = res familiaris bona, wealth ( poet.): in re bona esse, Laber. ap. Gell. 10, 17, 4.—Also an object of value:d.homines quibus mala abunde omnia erant, sed neque res neque spes bona ulla,
who had no property, nor the hope of any, Sall. C. 21, 1. —Costly things, articles of luxury:e.capere urbem in Arabia plenam bonarum rerum,
Plaut. Pers. 4, 3, 46; 4, 4, 82:nimium rei bonae,
id. Stich. 2, 3, 55:ignorantia bonarum rerum,
Nep. Ages. 8, 5 ' bonis rebus gaudere, Hor. S. 2, 6, 110:re bona copiosum esse,
Gell. 16, 19, 7.—Moral, morally good:f.illi cum res non bonas tractent,
Cic. Ac. 2, 33, 72:ut de virtutibus et vitiis, omninoque de bonis rebus et malis quaererent,
id. ib. 1, 4, 15:quid habemus in rebus bonis et malis explorati?
id. ib. 2, 42, 129; so id. Or. 1, 10, 42; id. Leg. 1, 22, 58:quae tamen omnia dulciora fuint et moribus bonis et artibus,
id. Sen. 18, 65.—In literary composition, important or interesting matter, subjects, or questions:2.res bonas verbis electis dictas quis non legat?
Cic. Fin. 1, 3, 8:studiis generorum, praesertim in re bona,
Plaut. Am. 8, 26.—Bonae artes.(α).A good, laudable way of dealing:(β).qui praeclari facinoris aut artis bonae famam quaerit,
Sall. C. 2, 9:huic bonae artes desunt, dolis atque fallaciis contendit,
id. ib. 11, 2:quod is bonarum artium cupiens erat,
Tac. A. 6, 46.—Liberal arts and sciences:3.litteris aut ulli bonae arti,
Quint. 12, 1, 7:conservate civem bonarum artium, bonarum partium, bonorum virorum,
Cic. Sest. 32, 77. —Esp.:optimae artes: optimarum artium scientia,
Cic. Fin. 1, 3, 4; id. Ac. 2, 1, 1; id. Cael. 10, 24; id. Marcell. 1, 4.—Bona fides, or fides bona.a.Good faith, i. e. conscious honesty in acts or words: qui nummos fide bona solvit, who pays (the price of labor) in good faith, i. e. as it is honestly earned, Cato, R. R. 14:b.dic, bona fide, tu id aurum non subripuisti?
Plaut. Aul. 4, 10, 46; 4, 10, 47; id. Capt. 4, 2, 111; id. Most. 3, 1, 137; id. Poen. 1, 3, 30; id. Pers. 4, 3, 16; id. Ps. 4, 6, 33:si tibi optima fide omnia concessit,
Cic. Rosc. Am. 49, 144; Quint. 10, 3, 23.—Hence, bonae fidei vir, a conscientious man, Quint. 10, 7, 1.—Jurid. t. t.(α).Good faith in contracts and legal acts in general, opposed to dolus malus, honesty and fairness in dealing with another:(β).ad fidem bonam statuit pertinere, notum esse emptori vitium quod nosset venditor,
Cic. Off. 3, 16, 67.—Hence, alienam rem bona fide emere, to buy, believing the seller to be the rightful owner, Dig. 41, 3, 10; 41, 3, 13, § 1. bonae fidei possessor (also possessio), believing that he is the rightful owner, ib. 5, 3, 25, § 11; 5, 3, 22; 41, 3, 15, § 2;41, 3, 24: conventio contra bonam fidem et mores bonos,
ib. 16, 31, § 7: bonam fidem praestare, to be responsible for one ' s good faith, ib. 17, 1, 10 prooem.—Hence,Bonae fidei actiones or judicia, actions in equity, i. e. certain classes of actions in which the strict civil law was set aside by the praetorian edict in favor of equity:4.actiones quaedam bonae fidei sunt, quaedam stricti juris. Bonae fidei sunt haec: exempto vendito, locato conducto, etc.,
Just. Inst. 4, 6, 28, § 19.—In the republican time the praetor added in such actions to his formula for the judex the words ex fide bona, or, in full:quidquid dare facere oportet ex fide bona,
Cic. Off. 3, 16, 66:iste dolus malus et legibus erat vindicatus, et sine lege, judiciis in quibus additur ex fide bona,
id. ib. 3, 15, 61; cf. id. ib. 3, 17, 70.—Bona verba.(α).Kind words:(β).Bona verba quaeso,
Ter. And. 1, 2, 33.—Words of good omen (v. omen):(γ).dicamus bona verba,
Tib. 2, 2, 1:dicite suffuso ter bona verba mero,
Ov. F. 2, 638.—Elegant or well-chosen expressions:(δ).quid est tam furiosum quam verborum vel optimorum atque ornatissimorum sonitus inanis,
Cic. Or. 1, 12, 51:verborum bonorum cursu,
id. Brut. 66, 233:omnia verba sunt alicubi optima,
Quint. 10, 1, 9.—Moral sayings:5.non est quod contemnas bona verba et bonis cogitationibus plena praecordia,
Sen. Vit. Beat. 20, 1. —Bona dicta.(α).Polite, courteous language:(β).hoc petere me precario a vobis jussit leniter dictis bonis,
Plaut. Am. prol. 25.—Witticisms ( bon-mots): flammam a sapiente facilius ore in ardente opprimi, quam bona dicta teneat, Enn. ap. Cic. Or. 2, 54, 222:6.dico unum ridiculum dictum de dictis melioribus quibus solebam menstruales epulas ante adipiscier,
Plaut. Capt. 3, 1, 22:ibo intro ad libros ut discam de dictis melioribus,
id. Stich. 2, 3, 75.—Bona facta.(α).= bene facta (v. bene, I. B. 2. b.), laudable deeds:(β).nobilitas ambobus et majorum bona facta (sc. erant),
Tac. A. 3, 40.—Bonum factum est, colloq., = bene est, bene factum est (v. bene, I. B. 2. b.):(γ).bonum factum est, ut edicta servetis mea,
Plaut. Poen. prol. 16:haec imperata quae sunt pro imperio histrico, bonum hercle factum (est) pro se quisque ut meminerit,
id. ib. 45.— Hence,Elliptically, introducing commands which cannot be enforced, = if you will do so, it will be well:7.peregrinis in senatum allectis, libellus propositus est: bonum factum, ne quis senatori novo curiam monstrare velit,
Suet. Caes. 80:et Chaldaeos edicere: bonum factum, ne Vitellius... usquam esset,
id. Vit. 14:hac die Carthaginem vici: bonum factum, in Capitolium eamus, et deos supplicemus,
Aur. Vict. 49; cf.:o edictum, cui adscribi non poterit bonum factum,
Tert. Pud. 1.—Bona gratia.(α).A friendly understanding:(β).cur non videmus inter nos haec potius cum bona Ut componantur gratia quam cum mala?
Ter. Phorm. 4, 3, 17; so,per gratiam bonam abire,
to part with good feelings, Plaut. Mil. 4, 3, 33.—In jest: sine bona gratia abire, of things cast away, Plaut Truc. 2, 7, 15.—Pleon., in the phrase bonam gratiam habere, = gratiam habere, to thank (v. B. 2. k.), Plaut. Rud. 2, 5, 32; id. Bacch. 4, 8, 99.—8.Bona pars.(α).The well-disposed part of a body of persons:(β).ut plerumque fit, major pars (i. e. of the senate) meliorem vicit,
Liv. 21, 4, 1:pars melior senatus ad meliora responsa trahere,
id. 7, 21, 6.—The good party, i. e. the optimates (gen. in plur.):(γ).civem bonarum partium,
Cic. Sest. 32, 77:(fuit) meliorum partium aliquando,
id. Cael. 6, 13:qui sibi gratiam melioris partis velit quaesitam,
Liv. 2, 44, 3.—Paronom.: (Roscius) semper partium in re publica tam quam in scaena optimarum, i. e. party and part in a drama, Cic. Sest. 56, 120.—Of things or persons, a considerable part (cf. a good deal):(δ).bonam partem ad te adtulit,
Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 43:bonam partem sermonis in hunc diem esse dilatam,
Cic. Or. 2, 3, 14:bonam magnamque partem exercitus,
Val. Max. 5, 2, ext. 4:bona pars noctium,
Quint. 12, 11, 19:bona pars hominum,
Hor. S. 1, 1, 61:meae vocis... bona pars,
id. C. 4, 2, 46; so id. A. P. 297; Ov. P. 1, 8, 74:melior pars diei,
Verg. A. 9, 156.—Rarely, and mostly eccl. Lat.: optima pars, the best part or lot:(ε).nostri melior pars animus est,
Sen. Q. N. 1, prooem. § 14; cf.:quae pars optima est in homine,
best, most valuable, Cic. Tusc. 5, 23, 67:major pars aetatis, certe melior reipublicae data sit,
Sen. Brev. Vit. 18, 1:Maria optimam partem elegit, quae non auferetur ab ea,
Vulg. Luc. 10, 42.—Adverb.:(ζ).bonam partem = ex magna parte,
Lucr. 6, 1249.—Aliquem in optimam partem cognoscere, to know somebody from his most favorable side, Cic. Off. 2, 13, 46: aliquid in optimam partem accipere, to take something in good part, interpret it most favorably:9.Caesar mihi ignoscit quod non venerim, seseque in optimam partem id accipere dicit,
id. Att. 10, 3 a, 2; id. ad Brut. 1, 2, 3:quaeso ut hoc in bonam partem accipias,
id. Rosc. Am. 16, 45.—Dies bonus or bona.(α).A day of good omen, a fortunate day (= dies laetus, faustus):(β).tum tu igitur die bono, Aphrodisiis, addice, etc.,
Plaut. Poen. 2, 49:nunc dicenda bona sunt bona verba die,
Ov. F. 1, 72.—A beautiful, serene day, Sen. Vit. Beat. 22, 3.—10.Bonus mos.(α).Boni mores, referring to individuals, good, decent, moral habits:(β).nihil est amabilius quam morum similitudo bonorum,
Cic. Off. 1, 17, 56:nam hic nimium morbus mores invasit bonos,
Plaut. Trin. 1, 1, 6:domi militiaeque boni mores colebantur,
Sall. C. 9, 1:propter ejus suavissimos et optimos mores,
Cic. Phil. 3, 5, 13:cum per tot annos matronae optimis moribus vixerint,
Liv. 34, 6, 9:mores meliores,
Plaut. Aul. 3, 5, 18.—Bonus mos or boni mores, in the abstract, morality, the laws, rules of morality: ei vos morigerari mos bonu'st, it is a rule of morality that you should, etc., Plaut. Capt. 2, 1, 4:11.ex optimo more et sanctissima disciplina,
Cic. Phil. 2, 28, 69:neglegentia boni moris,
Sen. Ep. 97, 1.—Jurid. t. t.:conventio, mandatum contra bonos mores,
in conflict with morality, Quint. 3, 1, 57; Dig. 16, 3, 1, § 7; Gai. Inst. 3, 157 et saep. —Adverbial phrases.a.Bono animo esse, or bonum animum habere.(α).To be of good cheer or courage:(β).bono animo es! Liberabit ille te homo,
Plaut. Merc 3, 1, 33; so id. Aul. 4, 10, 61; id. Mil. 4, 8, 32; id. Rud. 3, 3, 17; Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 4; id. Heaut. 4, 6, 18; id. Ad. 2, 4, 20; 3, 5, 1; 4, 2, 4; 4, 5, 62; id. Phorm. 5, 8, 72:animo bono es,
Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 103; id. Am. 2, 2, 48; 5, 2, 1:bono animo es, inquit Scrofa, et fiscinam expedi,
Varr. R. R. 1, 26:bono animo sint et tui et mei familiares,
Cic. Fam. 6, 18, 1; 6, 10, 29:bono animo esse jubere eam consul,
Liv. 39, 13, 7:habe modo bonum animum,
Plaut. Capt. 1, 2, 58; so id. Am. 1, 3, 47; id. Truc. 2, 6, 44; id. Aul. 2, 2, 15:habe animum bonum,
id. Cas. 2, 6, 35; id. Ep. 2, 2, 1; 4, 2, 31:bonum animum habe,
Liv. 45, 8, 5:clamor ortus ut bonum animum haberet,
id. 8, 32, 1; so Sen. Ep. 87, 38.—Bono animo esse, or facere aliquid, to be of a good or friendly disposition, or to do with good, honest intentions:(γ).audire jubet vos imperator histricus, bonoque ut animo sedeant in subselliis qui, etc.,
Plaut. Poen. prol. 5: sunt enim (consules) [p. 246] optimo animo, summo consilio, of the best disposition, Cic. Phil. 3, 1, 2:bono te animo tum populus Romanus... dicere existimavit ea quae sentiebatis, sed, etc.,
id. Imp. Pomp. 19, 56:quod nondum bono animo in populum Romanum viderentur,
Caes. B. G. 1, 6; Quint. 7, 4, 15.—Bonus animus, good temper, patience:b.bonus animus in mala re dimidium mali est,
Plaut. Ps. 1, 5, 37:vos etiam hoc animo meliore feratis,
Ov. M. 9, 433.—Bono modo.(α).= placide, with composure, moderation:(β).si quis quid deliquerit, pro noxa bono modo vindicet,
Cato, R. R. 5:haec tibi tam sunt defendenda quam moenia, mihi autem bono modo, tantum quantum videbitur,
Cic. Ac. 2, 44, 137.—In a decent manner:c.neu quisquam prohibeto filium quin amet... quod bono fiat modo,
Plaut. Merc. 5, 4, 62. —Jure optimo or optimo jure, with good, perfect right:II.te ipse jure optumo incuses licet,
Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 23; id. Rud. 2, 6, 53:ut jure optimo me deserere posses,
Cic. Fam. 3, 8, 6; Sen. Ot. Sap. 2 (29), 2.—With pass. or intr. verb, deservedly:ne jure optimo irrideamur,
Cic. Off. 1, 31, 111; cf. id. ib. 1, 42, 151; id. Marcell. 1, 4;similarly, optimo judicio,
Val. Max. 2, 9, 2.As subst.A.bŏnus, boni, m.; of persons.1.In sing. or plur. orig. = bonus vir, boni viri; v. I. A. 1. a. b, supra, a morally good man.(α).Plur.:(β).bonis quod bene fit haud perit,
Plaut. Rud. 4, 3, 2; id. Capt. 2, 2, 108; id. Trin. 2, 1, 55; id. Pers. 4, 5, 2:melius apud bonos quam apud fortunatos beneficium collocari puto,
Cic. Off. 2, 20, 71:verum esse ut bonos boni diligant, quamobrem... bonis inter bonos quasi necessariam (esse) benevolentiam,
id. Lael. 14, 50:diverso itinere malos a bonis loca taetra... habere,
Sall. C. 52, 13; 7, 2; 52, 22:oderunt peccare boni virtutis amore,
Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 52:tam bonis quam malis conduntur urbes,
Sen. Ben. 4, 28, 4; so id. Vit. Beat. 15, 6; Quint. 9, 2, 76.—Rarely bŏnae, arum, f., good women:quia omnes bonos bonasque adcurare addecet, etc.,
Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 41.—Sing.:2.malus bonum malum esse volt ut sit sui similis,
Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 8:nec enim cuique bono mali quidquam evenire potest,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 41, 99; cf.:qui meliorem audax vocet in jus,
Hor. S. 2, 5, 29.—Bonus, a man of honor.(α).A brave man:(β).pro qua (patria) quis bonus dubitet mortem oppetere si ei sit profuturus?
Cic. Off. 1, 17, 57:libertatem quam nemo bonus nisi cum anima simul amittat,
Sall. C. 33, 5:fortes creantur fortibus et bonis,
Hor. C. 4, 4, 29 (opp. ignavi):fama impari boni atque ignavi erant,
Sall. J. 57, 6; 53, 8; id. C. 11, 2. —A gentleman:3. (α).quis enim umquam, qui paululum modo bonorum consuetudinem nosset, litteras ad se ab amico missas... in medium protulit?
Cic. Phil. 2, 4, 7.—In gen. (of political sentiments, = optimates, opp. populares, seditiosi, perditi cives, etc.;(β).so usu. in Cic.): meam causam omnes boni proprie enixeque susceperant,
Cic. Sest. 16, 38:audaces homines et perditi nutu impelluntur... boni, nescio quomodo, tardiores sunt, etc.,
id. ib. 47, 100:ego Kal. Jan. senatum et bonos omnes legis agrariae... metu liberavi,
id. Pis. 2, 4:etenim omnes boni, quantum in ipsis fuit, Caesarem occiderunt,
id. Phil. 2, 13, 29; id. Fam. 5, 2, 8; 5, 21, 2; id. Sest. 2, 5; 16, 36; 48, 103; id. Planc. 35, 86; id. Mil. 2, 5; id. Off. 2. 12, 43:maledictis increpat omnes bonos,
Sall. C. 21, 4; 19, 2; 33, 3; Hirt. B. G. 8, 22; so,optimi,
Cic. Leg. 3, 17, 37; and, ironically, boni identified with the rich:bonorum, id est lautorum et locupletum,
id. Att. 8, 1, 3.—Without reference to political views;4.opp. vulgus (rare): nihil ego istos moror fatuos mores quibus boni dedecorant se,
Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 22:semper in civitate quibus opes nullae sunt bonis invident,
Sall. C. 37, 3:elatus est sine ulla pompa funeris, comitantibus omnibus bonis, maxima vulgi frequentia,
Nep. Att. 22, 2.—So, mĕlĭōres, um, m., one ' s betters:ut quaestui habeant male loqui melioribus,
Plaut. Poen. 3, 3, 13:da locum melioribus,
Ter. Phorm. 3, 2, 37.—Boni, bone, in addresses, as an expression of courtesy, Hor. S. 2, 2, 1; 2, 6, 51; 2, 6, 95; id. Ep. 2, 2, 37; ironice, id. S. 2, 3, 31.—5.Optimus quisque = quivis bonus, omnes boni.(α).Referring to morality:(β).esse aliquid natura pulcrum quod optimus quisque sequeretur,
every good man, Cic. Sen. 13, 43:qui ita se gerebant ut sua consilia optimo cuique probarent, optimates habebantur,
id. Sest. 45, 96; id. Off. 1, 43, 154; id. Fin. 1, 7, 24; id. Sest. 54, 115; and = even the best:quare deus optimum quemque mala valetudine adficit?
Sen. Prov. 4, 8.—Of the educated classes:(γ). (δ).adhibenda est quaedam reverentia adversus homines, et optimi cujusque et reliquorum,
Cic. Off. 1, 28, 99; cf. id. ib. 1, 25, 85:Catilina plerisque consularibus, praeterea optumo cuique, litteras mittit,
Sall. C. 34, 2:optimo cuique infesta libertas,
Sen. Ot. Sap. 8, 2 (32 fin.).—In gen., excellent:(ε).optimus quisque facere quam dicere... malebat,
Sall. C. 8, 5.—Distributively:(ζ).ita imperium semper ad optumum quemque a minus bono transfertur,
to the best man in each instance, Sall. C. 2, 6.—Referring to another superlative ( = quo quisque melior eo magis, etc.):(η).hic aditus laudis qui semper optimo cuique maxime patuit,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 1, 1; so id. Lael. 4, 14; id. Inv. 2, 11, 36; Sen. Vit. Beat. 18, 1.—Attributively, with a noun:2. 1.optimam quamque causam,
Cic. Sest. 43, 93:optima quaeque dies,
Verg. G. 3, 66.Bonum, or plur. bona, a good, or goods in a moral and metaphysical sense, a moral good, a blessing: sunt autem hae de finibus defensae sententiae: nihil bonum nisi honestum, ut Stoici; nihil bonum nisi voluptatem, ut Epicurus;2.nihil bonum nisi vacuitatem doloris, ut Hieronymus... tria genera bonorum, maxima animi, secunda corporis, externa tertia, ut Peripatetici, etc.,
Cic. Tusc. 5, 30, 84 sq.:quid est igitur bonum? Si quid recte fit et honeste et cum virtute, id bene fieri vere dicitur, et quod rectum et honestum et cum virtute est, id solum opinor bonum,
id. Par. 1, 1, 9:ut quis intellegat, quid sit illud simplex et verum bonum quod non possit ab honestate sejungi,
id. Ac. 1, 2, 7:non-est igitur voluptas bonum,
id. Fin. 1, 11, 39: finis bonorum et malorum (telos agathôn) = summa bona et mala:sunt nonnullae disciplinae quae, propositis bonorum et malorum finibus, officium omne pervertant. Nam qui summum bonum sic instituit ut, etc.,
id. Off. 1, 2, 5; cf. id. Par. 1, 3, 14; id. Ac. 2, 9, 29; 2, 36, 114; 2, 42, 129; id. Fin. 1, 9, 29; 1, 12, 42; id. Tusc. 4, 31, 66; Sen. Vit. Beat. 24, 5; id. Ep. 117, 1 et saep.—Bonum, what is valuable, beneficial, estimable, favorable, pleasant, physically or mentally:3.quoi boni Tantum adfero quantum ipsus a diis optat,
Plaut. Capt. 4, 1, 9:multa bona vobis volt facere,
will do you much good, id. Poen. 5, 4, 60; id. Am. prol. 43, 49; id. Pers. 4, 8, 4; 2, 3, 14; id. Cas. 2, 8, 32:tum demum nostra intellegemus bona quom ea amisimus,
id. Capt. 1, 2, 33:multa tibi di dent bona,
id. Poen. 1, 1, 80; cf. id. ib. 3, 3, 54; 3, 3, 74; id. Mil. 3, 1, 120; id. Men. 3, 3, 34; id. Pers. 4, 3, 23; id. Truc. 1, 2, 23; id. Merc. 1, 2, 40; id. Most. 1, 1, 47:omnia Bona dicere,
to speak in the highest terms of one, Ter. And. 1, 1, 70:sed ne vivus quidem bono caret, si eo non indiget,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 36, 88:cum quaecumque bona Peripateticis, eadem Stoicis commoda viderentur,
id. ib. 5, 41, 120:nihil enim boni nosti,
nothing that is good for any thing, id. Phil. 2, 7, 16:mala pro bonis legere dementia est,
Sen. Vit. Beat. 6, 1; Val. Max. 5, 3, ext. 3 fin.; Hor. S. 1, 2, 73:quia bonum sit valere,
a good thing, Cic. Fin. 4, 23, 62 (cf. III. A. 5. infra):melius: quo quidem haud scio an... quidquam melius sit homini a dis immortalibus datum,
id. Lael. 6, 20:meliora... Aristotelem de istis rebus scripsisse,
id. Or. 1, 10, 43:optimum: difficillimum est formam exponere optimi,
id. ib. 11, 36.— Here belongs the phrase boni consulere;v. consulo.—So after prepositions: in bonum vertere, v. under verto: in melius ire,
to change for the better, Tac. A. 12, 68.—In the same sense: in melius aliquid referre, or reflectere ( poet.), Verg. A. 1, 281; 11, 426; 10, 632:ad melius transcurrere,
to pass over to something better, Hor. S. 2, 2, 82.—Bonum or bona, prosperity:4.fortiter malum qui patitur, idem post patitur bonum,
Plaut. As. 2, 2, 58:nulli est homini perpetuum bonum,
id. Curc. 1, 3, 33:unā tecum bona, mala tolerabimus,
Ter. Phorm. 3, 3, 23:quibus in bonis fuerint et nunc quibus in malis sint, ostenditur ( = in secundis, in adversis rebus),
Cic. Inv. 1, 55, 107.—Good qualities, gifts:5.omnia adsunt bona, quem penes'st virtus,
Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 30:magnis illi et divinis bonis hanc licentiam adsequebantur,
Cic. Off. 1, 41, 148:nisi qui se suā gravitate et castimoniā... tum etiam naturali quodam bono defenderet, etc.,
id. Cael. 5, 11:hunc meā sententiā divinis quibusdam bonis instructum atque ornatum puto,
id. ib. 17, 39:non intellego quod bonum cuiquam sit apud tales viros profuturum,
id. Balb. 28, 63:gaude isto tuo tam excellenti bono,
id. Marcell. 6, 19; so id. Imp. Pomp. 16, 49.—Advantage, benefit:6.si plus adipiscare, re explicatā, boni, quam addubitatā mali,
Cic. Off. 1, 24, 83:saepe cogitavi bonine an mali plus adtulerit... eloquentiae studium,
id. Inv. 1, 1, 1; 2, 35, 106; id. Off. 2, 2, 5; id. Sest. 10, 24:maximum bonum in celeritate ponebat,
Sall. C. 43, 4; so, bono publico (abl.), for the public good:hoc ita si fit, publico fiat bono,
Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 183; Liv. 2, 44, 3; Dig. 41, 3, 1.—With aequum, what is fair and good, the fair ( thing), fairness, equity:7. a.si bonum aequomque oras,
Plaut. Most. 3, 1, 149; so id. Pers. 3, 1, 71; id. Rud. 1, 2, 94; id. Men. 4, 2, 11:si tu aliquam partem aequi bonique dixeris,
Ter. Phorm. 4, 3, 32; id. Heaut. 4, 1, 29; id. Ad. 1, 1, 39:a quo vivo nec praesens nec absens quidquam aequi bonique impetravit,
Cic. Phil. 2, 37, 94.—Hence, aequo et bono, or ex aequo et bono, in ( with) fairness, in equity, Ter. Ad. 5, 9, 30; Auct. Her. 2, 10, 14; 2, 12, 18; 2, 13, 20; Gai. Inst. 3, 137: aequi bonique, as gen. of value, with facere:istuc, Chreme, Aequi bonique facio,
I place a fair and proper value on it, Ter. Heaut. 4, 5, 40.—In gen.:b.paterna oportet reddi filio bona,
Plaut. Poen. 5, 2, 120:bona sua med habiturum omnia,
id. Truc. 2, 4, 49; cf. id. ib. 2, 7, 6; 4, 2, 29; id. Rud. 2, 6, 22; id. Most. 1, 3, 77; id. Trin. 4, 4, 3; Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 4:bona mea diripiebantur atque ad consulem deferebantur,
Cic. Sest. 24, 54:cum de capite, civis et de bonis proscriptio ferretur,
id. ib. 30, 65:bona, fortunas, possessiones omnium,
id. Caecin. 13, 38:at mulctantur bonis exsules,
id. Tusc. 5, 37, 106; id. Off. 2, 23, 81; id. Par. 1, 1, 7; id. Sest. 19, 42; 43, 94; 52, 111; id. Phil. 2, 26, 64; Caes. B. G. 7, 3; Liv. 2, 3, 5; 2, 5, 5; 4, 15, 8; Tac. A. 2, 48; Quint. 6, 1, 19 et saep.—Bonorum possessio, the possession of one ' s property by another.(α).Bonorum possessio in consequence of bonorum cessio, i. e. an assignment of one ' s property for the benefit of creditors, Dig. 42, tit. 3.—(β).Bonorum possessio granted by the prætor against a contumacious or insolvent debtor (in bona mittere, in bona ire jubere, bona possidere jubere, etc.); cf. Dig. 42, tit. 4:(γ).postulat a Burrieno Naevius ut ex edicto bona possidere liceat,
Cic. Quint. 6, 25, and the whole of c. 8:edixit... neu quis militis... bona possideret aut venderet,
Liv. 2, 24, 6:bona proscribere,
to offer the property thus transferred for sale, Cic. Quint. 6, 25.—Chiefly referring to the property of a defunct person (hereditas), where the prætor, till the heir had proved his right, granted a bonorum possessio secundum tabulas or contra tabulas, Dig. 37, tit. 4; 37, tit. 11.—c.In bonis esse;III.with reference to the older civil law, which distinguished between civil property (habere rem ex jure Quiritium) and natural property (rem in bonis habere, res in bonis est),
Gai. Inst. 2, 40, 41; Dig. 40, 12, 38, § 2; 37, 6, 2, § 1; 37, 6, 3, § 2; ib. Fragm. 1, 16; Gai. Inst. 1, 22; 1, 35; 1, 222; 1, 167; Dig. 1, 8, 1; 27, 10, 10:neque bonorum possessorum, neque... res pleno jure fiunt, sed in bonis efficiuntur,
ib. Fragm. 3, 80.—Hence, nullam omnino arbitrabamur de eā hereditate controversiam eum habiturum, et est hodie in bonis, i. e. [p. 247] the bonorum possessio has been granted to him, which did not give full ownership, but effected only that the hereditas was in bonis. Cic. Fam. 13, 30, 1.Predicative use.A.With nouns or pronouns as subjects.1.Bonum esse, to be morally good, honest:2.nunc mihi bonae necessum est esse ingratiis, Quamquam esse nolo,
Plaut. Cist. 2, 3, 82:bonam ego quam beatam me esse nimio dici mavolo,
id. Poen. 1, 2, 93; so id. Capt. 2, 1, 44; id. Men. 4, 2, 6; id. Rud. prol. 29:itaque viros fortes magnanimos eosdem, bonos et simplices... esse volumus,
Cic. Off. 1, 19, 63; cf. id. ib. 3, 21, 84; id. Att. 15, 6, 1:Cato esse quam videri bonus malebat,
Sall. C. 54, 5:ut politiora, non ut meliora fiant ingenia,
Val. Max. 5, 4, ext. 5 fin. —To be beneficial, prosperous, advantageous, valuable, favorable, serviceable, correct, with reference to both persons and things as subjects, and in regard to physical and mental relations:3.jam istuc non bonumst,
Plaut. Merc. 2, 2, 29; Cato, R. R. 157:oleum viridius et melius fiet,
id. ib. 3:vinum ut alvum bonam faciat,
to correct the bowels, id. ib. 156:quid est homini salute melius?
Plaut. As. 3, 3, 127:non optuma haec sunt, verum meliora quam deterruma,
id. Trin. 2, 3, 1:quid est quod huc possit quod melius sit accedere?
Cic. Fin. 1, 12, 41; 1, 18, 57; id. Tusc. 1, 41, 99:in quo (vestitu), sicut in plerisque rebus, mediocritas optima est,
id. Off. 1, 36, 130; 2, 17, 59; id. Inv. 1, 31, 51; id. Or. 2, 6; 11, 36:meliorem tamen militem... in futura proelia id certamen fecit,
Liv. 2, 51, 3:parvus ut est cygni melior canor, ille gruum quam Clamor,
Lucr. 4, 181; 4, 191:si meliora dies, ut vina, poemata reddit,
Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 34.—So in the optative formula:quod bonum, faustum, felixque sit,
Liv. 1, 28, 7; 1, 17, 10; 39, 15, 1; 3, 54;3, 34.—Also, quod bonum atque fortunatum mihi sit,
Plaut. Cas. 2, 6, 50;and with a noun as subject: ut nobis haec habitatio Bona, fausta, felix, fortunataque evenat,
Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 3.—To be kind:4.bonus cum probis'st (erus), malus cum malis,
Plaut. Most. 4, 1, 22:hic si vellet bonus ac benignus Esse,
Hor. S. 1, 2, 52.—With reference to the gods:B.ecastor ambae (Fortuna et Salus sunt bonae,
Plaut. As. 3, 3, 129:Palladis aut oculos ausa negare bonos (esse),
Prop. 3, 24, 12 (2, 28, 12).—Impers.1.Bonum est (very rare for the class. bene est; v. bene).(α). (β).With subject inf.:2.nam et stulte facere, et stulte fabularier in aetate haud bonum est,
Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 61:bonum est pauxillum amare, insane non bonum est,
id. Curc. 1, 3,20.—Melius est.(α).With subject inf.:(β).melius sanam est mentem sumere,
Plaut. Men. 5, 2, 51:nihil sentire est melius quam tam prava sentire,
Cic. Ac. 2, 40, 125; cf. id. Fin. 1, 19, 62; id. Off. 1, 43, 156; so,melius fuit, fuisset, or fuerat,
it would have been better, id. N. D. 3, 33; id. Sen. 23, 82; id. Off. 3, 25, 94:proinde quiesse erit melius,
Liv. 3, 48, 3; 3, 41, 3; Verg. A. 11, 303.—With subject inf.-clause:(γ).meliu'st te quae sunt mandata tibi praevortier,
Plaut. Merc. 2, 3, 125; id. Men. 5, 9, 32.—With ut-clause:(δ).quid melius quam ut hinc intro abeam et me suspendam clanculum,
Plaut. Rud. 4, 4, 145; so id. Ps. 4, 7, 18.—With subjectclause in the subjunctive:3.nunc quid mihi meliu'st quam ilico hic opperiar erum,
Plaut. Rud. 2, 2, 22.—Optimum est.(α).With subject inf.:(β).optimum visum est, captivos quam primum deportare,
Liv. 23, 34, 8:si quis dicit optimum esse navigare,
Sen. Ot. Sap. 8, 4 (32 fin.); so, optimum fuit, it would have been better, and optimum erat, it would be better, Quint. 6, prooem. 3; 11, 2, 33; Hor. S. 2, 1, 7.—With inf.-clause:(γ).constituerunt optimum esse, domum suam quemque reverti,
Caes. B. G. 2, 10: optimum visum est, in fluctuantem aciem tradi equos, etc., Liv 6, 24, 10; 22, 27, 6.—With ut and subj:(δ).hoc vero optimum, ut is qui, etc., id ultimum bonorum, id ipsum quid et quale sit nesciat,
Cic. Fin. 2, 3, 6.—With quod:(ε).illa vero optima (sunt) quod cum Haluntium venisset Archagathum vocari jussit,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 23, § 51:optimum vero (est) quod dictaturae nomen in perpetuum de re publica sustulisti,
id. Phil. 2, 36, 91.—With second sup., in the phrase optumum factu est (where factu is redundant):IV.sed hoc mihi optumum factu arbitror,
Plaut. Stich. 1, 2, 16:optimum factu esse duxerant frumento... nostros prohibere,
Caes. B. G. 4, 30:optumum factu credens exercitum augere,
Sall. C. 32, 1 (Kritz, factum); 57, 5 (Kritz, factum).Ellipt. use: di meliora, i. e. dent or velint, i. e. let the gods grant better things than what you say, etc.; God forbid! in full:V.di melius duint,
Ter. Phorm. 5, 9, 16:di meliora velint!
Ov. M. 7, 37.—Ellipt.:di meliora! inquit,
Cic. Sen. 14, 47:id ubi mulier audivit, perturbata, dii meliora inquit, etc.,
Liv. 39, 10, 2; 9, 9, 6; Verg. G. 3, 513;similarly, di melius, i. e. fecerunt,
Val. Max. 6, 1, ext. 3.With object expressed,1.By dat.(α).= good, useful, beneficial for:(β).ambula, id lieni optumum est,
Plaut. Curc. 2, 1, 25:quia vobis eadem quae mihi bona malaque esse intellexi,
Sall. C. 20, 3:bona bello Cornus, jaculis, etc.,
Verg. G. 2, 447.—= benignus or propitius, kind to:(γ).vicinis bonus esto,
Cato, R. R. 4:bene merenti mala es, male merenti bona es,
Plaut. As. 1, 2, 3:vos o mihi Manes, Este boni,
Verg. A. 12, 647.—= idoneus, fit for, adapted to:(δ).qui locus vino optimus dicetur esse,
Cato, R. R. 6:tum erit ei rei optumum tempus,
id. ib. 26:terra cui putre solum, Optima frumentis,
Verg. G. 2, 205; 2, 319; 1, 286.—With sum and dat., in the phrase alicui bono est, it is of service to one, profits him:(ε).accusant in quibus occidi patrem Sex. Roscii bono fuit,
Cic. Rosc. Am. 5, 13:bono fuisse Romanis adventum eorum constabat,
Liv. 7, 12, 4.—Hence, with rel. dat.: cui bono (est), for whose advantage it is:quod si quis usurpet illud Cassianum cui bono fuerit, etc.,
Cic. Phil. 2, 14, 35:cui bono fuisset,
id. Rosc. Am. 30, 84; id. Mil. 12, 32 Ascon. ad loc.; cf.ellipt. form cui bono?
Prisc. p. 1208 P.—With dat. gerund:2.ager oleto conserundo qui in Favonium spectavit, aliis bonus nullus erit,
Cato, R. R. 6; Varr. R. R. 1, 24:(mons) quia pecori bonus alendo erat,
Liv. 29, 31; 9, 10.—By ad and acc.:refert et ad quam rem bona aut non bona sit,
Varr. R. R. 1, 91:occasio quaeritur idoneane fuerit ad rem adoriendam, an alia melior,
Auct. Her. 2, 4, 7:non campos modo militi Romano ad proelium bonos, etc.,
Tac. A. 2, 14. -
10 scriptum
scriptum, i, n. [scribo] [st1]1 [-] ligne. - [dans l'expr. duodecim scripta: les douze lignes, sorte de jeu de trictrac avec douze lignes formant des cases, sur lesquelles on déplace les jetons ou calculi]. - Cic. fr. F. 5, 60 ; de Or. 1, 217 ; Quint. 11, 2, 38. [st1]2 [-] écrit [en gén.]. - de aliqua re scriptum relinquere, Cic. Verr. 4, 124: laisser des ouvrages écrits sur qqch. - id quod a Democrito in scriptis relictum est, Cic. de Or. 2, 194: opinion. que Démocrite a laissée (transmise) dans ses écrits. - scriptis aliquid mandare, Cic. Off. 2, 3: rédiger qqch. - sine scripto, Cic. Br. 301: sans note écrite. - de scripto, Cic. Planc. 74: en lisant, manuscrit en main. --- cf. Cic. Phil. 10, 5 ; Att. 4, 3, 3. - laudavit scripto meo, Cic. Q. 3, 8, 5: il a prononcé un éloge funèbre que j'avais composé. [st1]3 [-] le texte, la lettre [de la loi]. - Cic. Inv. 1, 55 ; Agr. 2, 48. [st1]4 [-] le texte écrit [opp. à l'équité]. - Cic. Br. 145. [st1]5 [-] rédaction d'une loi. - scripto illo istius, Cic. Dom. 69: d'après la rédaction que cet homme avait faite de cette loi.* * *scriptum, i, n. [scribo] [st1]1 [-] ligne. - [dans l'expr. duodecim scripta: les douze lignes, sorte de jeu de trictrac avec douze lignes formant des cases, sur lesquelles on déplace les jetons ou calculi]. - Cic. fr. F. 5, 60 ; de Or. 1, 217 ; Quint. 11, 2, 38. [st1]2 [-] écrit [en gén.]. - de aliqua re scriptum relinquere, Cic. Verr. 4, 124: laisser des ouvrages écrits sur qqch. - id quod a Democrito in scriptis relictum est, Cic. de Or. 2, 194: opinion. que Démocrite a laissée (transmise) dans ses écrits. - scriptis aliquid mandare, Cic. Off. 2, 3: rédiger qqch. - sine scripto, Cic. Br. 301: sans note écrite. - de scripto, Cic. Planc. 74: en lisant, manuscrit en main. --- cf. Cic. Phil. 10, 5 ; Att. 4, 3, 3. - laudavit scripto meo, Cic. Q. 3, 8, 5: il a prononcé un éloge funèbre que j'avais composé. [st1]3 [-] le texte, la lettre [de la loi]. - Cic. Inv. 1, 55 ; Agr. 2, 48. [st1]4 [-] le texte écrit [opp. à l'équité]. - Cic. Br. 145. [st1]5 [-] rédaction d'une loi. - scripto illo istius, Cic. Dom. 69: d'après la rédaction que cet homme avait faite de cette loi.* * *Scriptum, scripti, Un escript, ou escripture.\Scripto sese abdicare. Piso apud Gellium. Se departir de l'office de notaire ou greffier, Renoncer à l'office.\Si non accipiet scriptum, illectumque remittet. Ouid. Si elle ne veult point recevoir tes lettres missives, et si elle les renvoit sans lire.\Adire aliquem scripto. Tacit. Parler à aucun par escript, et non point de bouche.\Debueram scriptor certior esse tuo. Ouid. Par ta lettre.\Scriptum facere. Gellius. Gaigner sa vie à escrire.\Laudauit pater filium scripto meo. Cic. D'une oraison que je luy avoye faict et forgé. De oratione funebri loquitur.\Peccare scripto. Quintil. Faillir à escrire, ou en son escripture.\Tradere aliquid scripto. Quintil. Bailler par escript. -
11 de
[ABCU]A - dē + abl. prép. [st1]1 [-] de, du haut de. - de muro: du haut de la muraille. - de puteo haurire: puiser d'un puits. [st1]2 [-] pendant, après. - de mense Decembri navigare: faire une traversée pendant le mois de décembre. - de media nocte: après minuit. [st1]3 [-] de, d'entre. - unus de multis: le premier venu, n'importe qui. [st1]4 [-] en prenant sur. - de publico redimere: racheter en prenant sur les fonds publics, racheter aux frais de l'Etat. [st1]5 [-] d'après. - quibus de causis: pour ces raisons. - de more: selon la coutume. [st1]6 [-] au sujet de. - de ceteris: quant au reste. [st1]7 [-] de la part de. - bene mereri de aliquo: bien mériter de qqn, rendre de grands services à qqn. [ABCU]B - dē- + consonne ou dĕ- + voyelle ou h (di-, dif-, dis-, dir-), préfixes. [st1]1 [-] séparation: - de-cedere: partir, décéder. - de-minuere: retrancher. - di-ducere: séparer. [st1]2 [-] mouvement de haut en bas: - de-spicere: regarder de haut en bas, mépriser. - de-jicere → de + jacere: jeter à bas, précipiter. [st1]3 [-] privation, cessation, valeur négative: - de-mens: fou, privé de raison. - de-decus: déshonneur. - dif-ficilis: difficile. - de-fervescere: cesser de bouillir. [st1]4 [-] valeur intensive, achèvement: - de-poscere: demander énergiquement. - de-sudare: suer beaucoup. - de-servio: servir avec zèle. - de-vincere: vaincre complètement, écraser. [st1]5 [-] dispersion: - dis-currere: courir dans toutes les directions. - di-mittere: envoyer dans tous les sens.* * *[ABCU]A - dē + abl. prép. [st1]1 [-] de, du haut de. - de muro: du haut de la muraille. - de puteo haurire: puiser d'un puits. [st1]2 [-] pendant, après. - de mense Decembri navigare: faire une traversée pendant le mois de décembre. - de media nocte: après minuit. [st1]3 [-] de, d'entre. - unus de multis: le premier venu, n'importe qui. [st1]4 [-] en prenant sur. - de publico redimere: racheter en prenant sur les fonds publics, racheter aux frais de l'Etat. [st1]5 [-] d'après. - quibus de causis: pour ces raisons. - de more: selon la coutume. [st1]6 [-] au sujet de. - de ceteris: quant au reste. [st1]7 [-] de la part de. - bene mereri de aliquo: bien mériter de qqn, rendre de grands services à qqn. [ABCU]B - dē- + consonne ou dĕ- + voyelle ou h (di-, dif-, dis-, dir-), préfixes. [st1]1 [-] séparation: - de-cedere: partir, décéder. - de-minuere: retrancher. - di-ducere: séparer. [st1]2 [-] mouvement de haut en bas: - de-spicere: regarder de haut en bas, mépriser. - de-jicere → de + jacere: jeter à bas, précipiter. [st1]3 [-] privation, cessation, valeur négative: - de-mens: fou, privé de raison. - de-decus: déshonneur. - dif-ficilis: difficile. - de-fervescere: cesser de bouillir. [st1]4 [-] valeur intensive, achèvement: - de-poscere: demander énergiquement. - de-sudare: suer beaucoup. - de-servio: servir avec zèle. - de-vincere: vaincre complètement, écraser. [st1]5 [-] dispersion: - dis-currere: courir dans toutes les directions. - di-mittere: envoyer dans tous les sens.* * *De, Praepositio, ablatiuo casui seruiens: quae suo casui semper praeponitur. aliquando interponitur inter substantiuum et adiectiuum elegantiae causa. Cic. Id nisi graui de causa non fecisset. Sans grande cause.\De nocte abire. Terent. De nuict.\De nocte multa exurrexi. Plaut. Je me suis levé qu'il estoit encores grand nuict.\De media nocte missus equitatus. Caesar. Sur la minuict.\De nocte vigilare. Cic. Veiller de nuict.\De die potitare. Plaut. De jour.\De medio potare die. Horat. Dés midy commencer à boire et yvrongner.\De die viuere cum perditis. Cic. De jour, En plain jour.\Apparare de die conuiuium. Terent. Incontinent, Tout à l'heure.\De meo praeceptis nihil nouum apposui. Plaut. Du mien.\De tuo istuc addis. Plaut. Du tien, De ta fantasie.\Olet vnguenta de meo. Terent. De mon bien et à mes despens.\De nostro saepe edunt. Plaut. Ils mangent souvent du nostre, Ils vivent à noz despens.\Quum ante id tempus de suo quisque functus eo munere esset. Liu. A ses despens.\De alicuius sententia peccare. Plaut. Par son conseil et advis.\De sua sententia in Albano monte triumphauit. Plin. iunior. A sa fantasie, Sans s'en conseiller.\De sua sententia aliquid comminisci. Plaut. De soymesme.\De sententia populi lectus imperator. Liu. De l'advis et accord du peuple.\De communi sententia aliquid constituere. Cic. Par l'advis de tous ensemble.\De sententia alicuius dare. Cic. Selon qu'il advisera.\De meo consilio. Cic. Par mon conseil.\Vix tamen sibi de mea voluntate concessum est. Cic. On luy accorda de mon consentement, mais à grand peine voulut on.\De pro a. Cic. Et enim de principio studuit animus occurrere magnitudini criminis. Du commencement, Dés le commencement.\De sinistra parte eruti dentes. Plin. Du costé gauche.\Et si qua sunt de genere eodem. Cic. Et s'il en y a d'autres qui soyent de ce mesme genre.\Nam de reducenda, id vera neutiquam honestum esse arbitror. Terent. Quand est de la remener, je pense, etc.\Nam de te quidem satis scio, peccando detrimenti nihil fieri potest. Terent. Quant est de toy, ou Au regard de toy.\De lanificio neminem metuo. Plaut. Quant à, etc.\Flebat pater de filii morte. Cic. A cause, Pour la mort de son filz.\Mittere legatos ad Caesarem de pace. Caesar. Pour traicter de la paix.\Adii te heri de filia. Terent. J'allay hier vers toy pour te parler de ta fille.\De regno, De rege sanguinem fundere. Curt. Espandre son sang pour le Roy, Se mettre en peril pour luy.\Non bonus est somnus homini de prandio. Plaut. Incontinent apres le disner.\Totum hominem tibi ita trado, de manu (vt aiunt) in manum tuam istam. Cic. Je m'en dessaisi, et t'en saisi.\Considerate diligenterque nauiges de mense Decembri. Cic. Au mois de Decembre.\De summo loco adolescens. Plaut. De hault lieu, De grand maison.\AEdificare de exemplo alterius. Plaut. A l'exemple d'un autre.\De scripto dicere. Cic. Prononcer par livre, en lisant ce qui est escript.\De caetero. Plin. De caetero, in ventre nihil est. Quant au reste, au demourant.\De caetero vide an verum sit quod dicis. Seneca. Desormais, Doresenavant.\Ibo de_improuiso obuiam. Plaut. A despourveu, Quand ils ne s'en doubteront point, A l'improveu.\- interuenit Homo de_improuiso. Terent. Il survient un homme qu'on ne s'en doubtoit point.\- de_industria Fugiebatis. Plaut. De faict a pensé, De propos deliberé, Tout à esciant.\Paululum interesse censes, ex animo omnia, Vt fert natura, facias, an de_industria? Terent. Pense tu qu'il n'y ait gueres à dire, ou gueres de difference, de faire une chose nayvement, ou par ruze et industrie?\De_integro. Terent. Ratio de_integro ineunda est mihi. De rechef, Tout de nouveau.\De_more. Plin. iunior. Selon la coustume.\De_nihilo irasci. Plaut. Liu. Pour un neant, Sans cause.\Non hoc de_nihilo est, quod Laches nunc me conuentam esse expetit. Terent. Ce n'est point sans cause, Ce n'est pas pour neant. \ De_praefacili. Plaut. Facilement.\Aspice de_procul in conspectum. Plaut. De loing.\De_proximo hic senex. Plaut. Qui demeure ci aupres.\Vna exeuntes hinc video de_proximo. Plaut. D'ici aupres.\De_reliquo, si id quod confido fore, dignum eum tua amicitia cognoueris, peto, etc. Cic. Quant au reste, Au demeurant.\De_repente. Cic. Tu de_repente irrupisses. Incontinent, Subitement, Tout à coup.\De_subito. Plaut. Quid si apud te veniat de_subito prandium. Soubdainement.\De_super. Plin. iunior. Lapidibus et tegulis de_super interfectus. D'enhault, Qui cheurent d'enhault.\De_tempore. Hirtius, Ipse de_tempore coenauit. D'heure, De bonne heure.\De_transuerso. Cic. Ecce autem de_transuerso Lucius Caesar, vt veniam ad se rogat, in nemus. A la traverse. -
12 adpono
ap-pōno ( adp-, Ritschl, Fleck., Lachm., Baiter, Halm; app-, Merk., Kayser, K. and H., Weissenb.), pōsŭi, pŏsĭtum, 3, v. a. ( perf. apposivi, Plaut. Mil. 3, 3, 31; App. ap. Prisc. p. 898 P.; cf. pono), to place, put, or lay at, near or by the side of a thing; to apply to, add, unite, etc. (class. in prose and poetry; syn.: addo, adicio, adjungo).I.Lit.A.In gen.:B.adpone hic mensulam,
Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 150:appositas instruxere epulis mensas,
Ov. M. 8, 570; so id. ib. 8, 831:sitellam,
Plaut. Cas. 2, 6, 11: Sy. Onus urget. Mi. At tu adpone, put it down then, id. Poen. 4, 2, 35:illam alteram apud me, quod bonist, adponito,
id. Trin. 4, 3, 60:munera eorum illis apponentur,
Vulg. Bar 6, 26:At istos rastros interea tamen adpone,
Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 37; so id. And. 4, 3, 10 al.:aër Omnibus est rebus circumdatus adpositusque,
Lucr. 6, 1036; 3, 373:omnes columnae machinā appositā dejectae,
Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 55, § 144:notam ad malum versum,
id. Pis. 30; so id. Fam. 13, 6; cf. Suet. Claud. 16: manus ad os (eorum more, qui secreto aliquid narrant, Manut.), Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 1:scalis appositis urbem defenderunt,
Liv. 37, 5:adpositā aure ad glaciem,
Plin. 8, 28, 42, § 103: adpositum in mensā lumen, Tac. A. 2, 31:paenulam ad vulnus,
Suet. Ner. 49 et saep.:dominum Adpositum flavis in Simoenta vadis,
Prop. 2, 9, 12.—So freq. of the putting on of garments, crowns, etc.:cur tamen appositā velatur janua lauro,
Ov. Tr. 3, 1, 39:gemmas toris,
id. H. 9, 60 Loers; cf.the same,
id. ib. 7, 100:meretrix Appositā populum submovet ante serā,
id. Am. 3, 14, 10 (cf.:ponere seram,
Juv. 6, 347):candelam valvis,
i. e. to set fire to, Juv. 9, 98 al. —Esp.1.Freq. as t. t. of food, dishes, to serve up, set before one (cf. Gr. paratithêmi;2.the simple verb pono is often so used, q. v.): adposita sit cena,
Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 69:apposuit eis mensam,
Vulg. Act. 16, 34:adpositum est ampliter,
Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 160:apposuit patellam,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 22:Cenabat apud eum: argentum ille ceterum purum apposuerat, etc.,
id. ib. 4, 22, 49; id. Tusc. 5, 32, 91; id. Att. 6, 1; 14, 21; Liv. 1, 7; Plin. 8, 51, 78, § 210:convivis panem et obsonia apponere,
Suet. Calig. 37; id. Caes. 43; id. Tib. 34; id. Galb. 12; Vitr. 13:Appositaque est eis ciborum magna praeparatio,
Vulg. 4 Reg. 6, 23 al.;Albanum sive Falernum Te magis appositis delectat,
Hor. S. 2, 8, 17; 2, 8, 69 al.—Aliquem alicui or alicui rei, to appoint or designate one to any service or duty, to place in any station, to join to as an aid:3.custodem Tullio me apponite,
Cic. Div. in Caecil. 16, 51; so Tac. A. 4, 60; cf.: adpositus custodiae (dat.), id. ib. 1, 6;2, 68: accusator apponitur civis Romanus,
Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 29, § 74; so id. ib. 2, 1, 5, § 41 fin.:calumniatores,
id. ib. 2, 2, 10:praevaricatorem,
id. Phil. 2, 11:non illicitatorem venditor adponet,
id. Off. 3, 15, 61; cf. id. Verr. 2, 1, 54:custodes,
Nep. Dion, 4, 5:moderator et magister consulibus appositus,
Liv. 2, 18, 6; so,rectorem,
Suet. Aug. 48:scrutatores,
id. Claud. 35 al. —To put to something by way of increase, to add to, superadd (rare; cf.II.addo, adicio): nihil his novum adposivi,
Plaut. Mil. 3, 3, 31; id. Trin. 4, 3, 18:aetas illi, quos tibi dempserit, adponet annos,
Hor. C. 2, 5, 15:exemplum,
Gell. 1, 13, 9:si quis apposuerit ad haec, apponet Deus super illum etc.,
Vulg. Apoc. 22, 18; ib. Gen. 49, 32.—Trop.A.Of the mind, to apply (eccl. Lat.):B.appone cor ad doctrinam,
Vulg. Prov. 22, 17:apposui cor meum, ut etc.,
ib. Eccl. 8, 16.—In eccl. Lat., after the Hebrew, of an act, to do further, also to do something:C.non apponet, ut complacitior sit adhuc?
Vulg. Psa. 76, 8; so ib. Act. 12, 3:apposuerunt adhuc peccare,
ib. Psa. 77, 17; 88, 23.—With a dat. of end, to set down for something, count, reckon, or consider as, to hold as (very rare):A.cum is nil promereat, postulare id gratiae adponi sibi,
Ter. And. 2, 1, 32 (addi in gratiam suam, Don.):aliquid lucro,
Hor. C. 1, 9, 15.—Hence, appŏsĭ-tus ( adp-), a, um, P. a., put or applied to, etc.Of relations of space, placed or situated at or near to, contiguous to, bordering upon; constr. with dat.:B.regio mari adposita,
Plin. 3, 18, 22, § 126:platanus itineri,
id. 12, 1, 5, § 9:castellum Lupiae flumini adpositum,
Tac. A. 2, 7.— Trop.:audacia fidentiae non contrarium, sed appositum ac propinquum,
Cic. Inv. 2, 54, 165.—Metaph.1.Fit, proper, suitable, appropriate, apposite, etc. (like aptus, q. v.; hence in MSS. freq. interchanged with it; cf. Spald. ad Quint. 3, 11, 9); constr. with ad (in this signif. very freq. in Varr. and Cic.;* 2.elsewhere very rare, perh. not found except in Quint. and Gell.): ager ad vitem adpositus,
Varr. R. R. 1, 7, 5:loca adposita ad faenum, ad vinum, ad oleum,
id. ib. 1, 23, 1:equus ad medendum adpositus,
id. ib. 2, 7, 5:(gallinae) adpositissimae ad partum,
id. ib. 3, 9, 9;2, 10, 4: menses ad agendum maxime appositi,
Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 11; 2, 5, 41 fin.; id. Att. 3, 14:multo appositior ad deferenda,
id. Verr. 2, 4, 57:argumentatio appositissima ad judicationem,
id. Inv. 1, 14. —Inclined to; constr. with dat.:3.judex juri magis an aequo sit adpositus,
Quint. 4, 3, 11 (cf.:adclinis falsis animus,
Hor. S. 2, 2, 6).—Subst.: appŏsĭtum, i, n., in rhet. and gram., an epithet, adjective:adposita, quae epitheta dicuntur, ut dulce mustum,
Quint. 8, 2, 10; 2, 14, 3; 9, 4, 24.—Hence, appŏsĭtē, adv., suitably, fitly, etc.:ad persuasionem,
Cic. Inv. 1, 5; cf. Spald ad Quint. 2, 15, 3 praeclare et apposite et facete scribere, Gell. 2, 23, 11 ( comp. and sup not used). -
13 adpositus
ap-pōno ( adp-, Ritschl, Fleck., Lachm., Baiter, Halm; app-, Merk., Kayser, K. and H., Weissenb.), pōsŭi, pŏsĭtum, 3, v. a. ( perf. apposivi, Plaut. Mil. 3, 3, 31; App. ap. Prisc. p. 898 P.; cf. pono), to place, put, or lay at, near or by the side of a thing; to apply to, add, unite, etc. (class. in prose and poetry; syn.: addo, adicio, adjungo).I.Lit.A.In gen.:B.adpone hic mensulam,
Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 150:appositas instruxere epulis mensas,
Ov. M. 8, 570; so id. ib. 8, 831:sitellam,
Plaut. Cas. 2, 6, 11: Sy. Onus urget. Mi. At tu adpone, put it down then, id. Poen. 4, 2, 35:illam alteram apud me, quod bonist, adponito,
id. Trin. 4, 3, 60:munera eorum illis apponentur,
Vulg. Bar 6, 26:At istos rastros interea tamen adpone,
Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 37; so id. And. 4, 3, 10 al.:aër Omnibus est rebus circumdatus adpositusque,
Lucr. 6, 1036; 3, 373:omnes columnae machinā appositā dejectae,
Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 55, § 144:notam ad malum versum,
id. Pis. 30; so id. Fam. 13, 6; cf. Suet. Claud. 16: manus ad os (eorum more, qui secreto aliquid narrant, Manut.), Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 1:scalis appositis urbem defenderunt,
Liv. 37, 5:adpositā aure ad glaciem,
Plin. 8, 28, 42, § 103: adpositum in mensā lumen, Tac. A. 2, 31:paenulam ad vulnus,
Suet. Ner. 49 et saep.:dominum Adpositum flavis in Simoenta vadis,
Prop. 2, 9, 12.—So freq. of the putting on of garments, crowns, etc.:cur tamen appositā velatur janua lauro,
Ov. Tr. 3, 1, 39:gemmas toris,
id. H. 9, 60 Loers; cf.the same,
id. ib. 7, 100:meretrix Appositā populum submovet ante serā,
id. Am. 3, 14, 10 (cf.:ponere seram,
Juv. 6, 347):candelam valvis,
i. e. to set fire to, Juv. 9, 98 al. —Esp.1.Freq. as t. t. of food, dishes, to serve up, set before one (cf. Gr. paratithêmi;2.the simple verb pono is often so used, q. v.): adposita sit cena,
Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 69:apposuit eis mensam,
Vulg. Act. 16, 34:adpositum est ampliter,
Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 160:apposuit patellam,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 22:Cenabat apud eum: argentum ille ceterum purum apposuerat, etc.,
id. ib. 4, 22, 49; id. Tusc. 5, 32, 91; id. Att. 6, 1; 14, 21; Liv. 1, 7; Plin. 8, 51, 78, § 210:convivis panem et obsonia apponere,
Suet. Calig. 37; id. Caes. 43; id. Tib. 34; id. Galb. 12; Vitr. 13:Appositaque est eis ciborum magna praeparatio,
Vulg. 4 Reg. 6, 23 al.;Albanum sive Falernum Te magis appositis delectat,
Hor. S. 2, 8, 17; 2, 8, 69 al.—Aliquem alicui or alicui rei, to appoint or designate one to any service or duty, to place in any station, to join to as an aid:3.custodem Tullio me apponite,
Cic. Div. in Caecil. 16, 51; so Tac. A. 4, 60; cf.: adpositus custodiae (dat.), id. ib. 1, 6;2, 68: accusator apponitur civis Romanus,
Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 29, § 74; so id. ib. 2, 1, 5, § 41 fin.:calumniatores,
id. ib. 2, 2, 10:praevaricatorem,
id. Phil. 2, 11:non illicitatorem venditor adponet,
id. Off. 3, 15, 61; cf. id. Verr. 2, 1, 54:custodes,
Nep. Dion, 4, 5:moderator et magister consulibus appositus,
Liv. 2, 18, 6; so,rectorem,
Suet. Aug. 48:scrutatores,
id. Claud. 35 al. —To put to something by way of increase, to add to, superadd (rare; cf.II.addo, adicio): nihil his novum adposivi,
Plaut. Mil. 3, 3, 31; id. Trin. 4, 3, 18:aetas illi, quos tibi dempserit, adponet annos,
Hor. C. 2, 5, 15:exemplum,
Gell. 1, 13, 9:si quis apposuerit ad haec, apponet Deus super illum etc.,
Vulg. Apoc. 22, 18; ib. Gen. 49, 32.—Trop.A.Of the mind, to apply (eccl. Lat.):B.appone cor ad doctrinam,
Vulg. Prov. 22, 17:apposui cor meum, ut etc.,
ib. Eccl. 8, 16.—In eccl. Lat., after the Hebrew, of an act, to do further, also to do something:C.non apponet, ut complacitior sit adhuc?
Vulg. Psa. 76, 8; so ib. Act. 12, 3:apposuerunt adhuc peccare,
ib. Psa. 77, 17; 88, 23.—With a dat. of end, to set down for something, count, reckon, or consider as, to hold as (very rare):A.cum is nil promereat, postulare id gratiae adponi sibi,
Ter. And. 2, 1, 32 (addi in gratiam suam, Don.):aliquid lucro,
Hor. C. 1, 9, 15.—Hence, appŏsĭ-tus ( adp-), a, um, P. a., put or applied to, etc.Of relations of space, placed or situated at or near to, contiguous to, bordering upon; constr. with dat.:B.regio mari adposita,
Plin. 3, 18, 22, § 126:platanus itineri,
id. 12, 1, 5, § 9:castellum Lupiae flumini adpositum,
Tac. A. 2, 7.— Trop.:audacia fidentiae non contrarium, sed appositum ac propinquum,
Cic. Inv. 2, 54, 165.—Metaph.1.Fit, proper, suitable, appropriate, apposite, etc. (like aptus, q. v.; hence in MSS. freq. interchanged with it; cf. Spald. ad Quint. 3, 11, 9); constr. with ad (in this signif. very freq. in Varr. and Cic.;* 2.elsewhere very rare, perh. not found except in Quint. and Gell.): ager ad vitem adpositus,
Varr. R. R. 1, 7, 5:loca adposita ad faenum, ad vinum, ad oleum,
id. ib. 1, 23, 1:equus ad medendum adpositus,
id. ib. 2, 7, 5:(gallinae) adpositissimae ad partum,
id. ib. 3, 9, 9;2, 10, 4: menses ad agendum maxime appositi,
Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 11; 2, 5, 41 fin.; id. Att. 3, 14:multo appositior ad deferenda,
id. Verr. 2, 4, 57:argumentatio appositissima ad judicationem,
id. Inv. 1, 14. —Inclined to; constr. with dat.:3.judex juri magis an aequo sit adpositus,
Quint. 4, 3, 11 (cf.:adclinis falsis animus,
Hor. S. 2, 2, 6).—Subst.: appŏsĭtum, i, n., in rhet. and gram., an epithet, adjective:adposita, quae epitheta dicuntur, ut dulce mustum,
Quint. 8, 2, 10; 2, 14, 3; 9, 4, 24.—Hence, appŏsĭtē, adv., suitably, fitly, etc.:ad persuasionem,
Cic. Inv. 1, 5; cf. Spald ad Quint. 2, 15, 3 praeclare et apposite et facete scribere, Gell. 2, 23, 11 ( comp. and sup not used). -
14 appono
ap-pōno ( adp-, Ritschl, Fleck., Lachm., Baiter, Halm; app-, Merk., Kayser, K. and H., Weissenb.), pōsŭi, pŏsĭtum, 3, v. a. ( perf. apposivi, Plaut. Mil. 3, 3, 31; App. ap. Prisc. p. 898 P.; cf. pono), to place, put, or lay at, near or by the side of a thing; to apply to, add, unite, etc. (class. in prose and poetry; syn.: addo, adicio, adjungo).I.Lit.A.In gen.:B.adpone hic mensulam,
Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 150:appositas instruxere epulis mensas,
Ov. M. 8, 570; so id. ib. 8, 831:sitellam,
Plaut. Cas. 2, 6, 11: Sy. Onus urget. Mi. At tu adpone, put it down then, id. Poen. 4, 2, 35:illam alteram apud me, quod bonist, adponito,
id. Trin. 4, 3, 60:munera eorum illis apponentur,
Vulg. Bar 6, 26:At istos rastros interea tamen adpone,
Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 37; so id. And. 4, 3, 10 al.:aër Omnibus est rebus circumdatus adpositusque,
Lucr. 6, 1036; 3, 373:omnes columnae machinā appositā dejectae,
Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 55, § 144:notam ad malum versum,
id. Pis. 30; so id. Fam. 13, 6; cf. Suet. Claud. 16: manus ad os (eorum more, qui secreto aliquid narrant, Manut.), Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 1:scalis appositis urbem defenderunt,
Liv. 37, 5:adpositā aure ad glaciem,
Plin. 8, 28, 42, § 103: adpositum in mensā lumen, Tac. A. 2, 31:paenulam ad vulnus,
Suet. Ner. 49 et saep.:dominum Adpositum flavis in Simoenta vadis,
Prop. 2, 9, 12.—So freq. of the putting on of garments, crowns, etc.:cur tamen appositā velatur janua lauro,
Ov. Tr. 3, 1, 39:gemmas toris,
id. H. 9, 60 Loers; cf.the same,
id. ib. 7, 100:meretrix Appositā populum submovet ante serā,
id. Am. 3, 14, 10 (cf.:ponere seram,
Juv. 6, 347):candelam valvis,
i. e. to set fire to, Juv. 9, 98 al. —Esp.1.Freq. as t. t. of food, dishes, to serve up, set before one (cf. Gr. paratithêmi;2.the simple verb pono is often so used, q. v.): adposita sit cena,
Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 69:apposuit eis mensam,
Vulg. Act. 16, 34:adpositum est ampliter,
Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 160:apposuit patellam,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 22:Cenabat apud eum: argentum ille ceterum purum apposuerat, etc.,
id. ib. 4, 22, 49; id. Tusc. 5, 32, 91; id. Att. 6, 1; 14, 21; Liv. 1, 7; Plin. 8, 51, 78, § 210:convivis panem et obsonia apponere,
Suet. Calig. 37; id. Caes. 43; id. Tib. 34; id. Galb. 12; Vitr. 13:Appositaque est eis ciborum magna praeparatio,
Vulg. 4 Reg. 6, 23 al.;Albanum sive Falernum Te magis appositis delectat,
Hor. S. 2, 8, 17; 2, 8, 69 al.—Aliquem alicui or alicui rei, to appoint or designate one to any service or duty, to place in any station, to join to as an aid:3.custodem Tullio me apponite,
Cic. Div. in Caecil. 16, 51; so Tac. A. 4, 60; cf.: adpositus custodiae (dat.), id. ib. 1, 6;2, 68: accusator apponitur civis Romanus,
Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 29, § 74; so id. ib. 2, 1, 5, § 41 fin.:calumniatores,
id. ib. 2, 2, 10:praevaricatorem,
id. Phil. 2, 11:non illicitatorem venditor adponet,
id. Off. 3, 15, 61; cf. id. Verr. 2, 1, 54:custodes,
Nep. Dion, 4, 5:moderator et magister consulibus appositus,
Liv. 2, 18, 6; so,rectorem,
Suet. Aug. 48:scrutatores,
id. Claud. 35 al. —To put to something by way of increase, to add to, superadd (rare; cf.II.addo, adicio): nihil his novum adposivi,
Plaut. Mil. 3, 3, 31; id. Trin. 4, 3, 18:aetas illi, quos tibi dempserit, adponet annos,
Hor. C. 2, 5, 15:exemplum,
Gell. 1, 13, 9:si quis apposuerit ad haec, apponet Deus super illum etc.,
Vulg. Apoc. 22, 18; ib. Gen. 49, 32.—Trop.A.Of the mind, to apply (eccl. Lat.):B.appone cor ad doctrinam,
Vulg. Prov. 22, 17:apposui cor meum, ut etc.,
ib. Eccl. 8, 16.—In eccl. Lat., after the Hebrew, of an act, to do further, also to do something:C.non apponet, ut complacitior sit adhuc?
Vulg. Psa. 76, 8; so ib. Act. 12, 3:apposuerunt adhuc peccare,
ib. Psa. 77, 17; 88, 23.—With a dat. of end, to set down for something, count, reckon, or consider as, to hold as (very rare):A.cum is nil promereat, postulare id gratiae adponi sibi,
Ter. And. 2, 1, 32 (addi in gratiam suam, Don.):aliquid lucro,
Hor. C. 1, 9, 15.—Hence, appŏsĭ-tus ( adp-), a, um, P. a., put or applied to, etc.Of relations of space, placed or situated at or near to, contiguous to, bordering upon; constr. with dat.:B.regio mari adposita,
Plin. 3, 18, 22, § 126:platanus itineri,
id. 12, 1, 5, § 9:castellum Lupiae flumini adpositum,
Tac. A. 2, 7.— Trop.:audacia fidentiae non contrarium, sed appositum ac propinquum,
Cic. Inv. 2, 54, 165.—Metaph.1.Fit, proper, suitable, appropriate, apposite, etc. (like aptus, q. v.; hence in MSS. freq. interchanged with it; cf. Spald. ad Quint. 3, 11, 9); constr. with ad (in this signif. very freq. in Varr. and Cic.;* 2.elsewhere very rare, perh. not found except in Quint. and Gell.): ager ad vitem adpositus,
Varr. R. R. 1, 7, 5:loca adposita ad faenum, ad vinum, ad oleum,
id. ib. 1, 23, 1:equus ad medendum adpositus,
id. ib. 2, 7, 5:(gallinae) adpositissimae ad partum,
id. ib. 3, 9, 9;2, 10, 4: menses ad agendum maxime appositi,
Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 11; 2, 5, 41 fin.; id. Att. 3, 14:multo appositior ad deferenda,
id. Verr. 2, 4, 57:argumentatio appositissima ad judicationem,
id. Inv. 1, 14. —Inclined to; constr. with dat.:3.judex juri magis an aequo sit adpositus,
Quint. 4, 3, 11 (cf.:adclinis falsis animus,
Hor. S. 2, 2, 6).—Subst.: appŏsĭtum, i, n., in rhet. and gram., an epithet, adjective:adposita, quae epitheta dicuntur, ut dulce mustum,
Quint. 8, 2, 10; 2, 14, 3; 9, 4, 24.—Hence, appŏsĭtē, adv., suitably, fitly, etc.:ad persuasionem,
Cic. Inv. 1, 5; cf. Spald ad Quint. 2, 15, 3 praeclare et apposite et facete scribere, Gell. 2, 23, 11 ( comp. and sup not used). -
15 concedo
con-cēdo, cessi, cessum, 3, v. n. and a. (a strengthened cedo, and corresp. with it in most of its signiff.); lit., to go, walk; hence,I.Neutr., with reference to the terminus a quo, to go or walk away from a place, to depart, retire, withdraw, remove from (in lit. signif. rare but class.).A.In gen.:B.concedite atque abscedite omnes, de viā decedite,
Plaut. Am. 3, 4, 1; so absol., Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 102; id. Hec. 4, 2, 21; cf.:ipsae concedite silvae,
farewell, Verg. E. 10, 63.—With prep.:a foribus,
Plaut. Most. 2, 1, 82:abs te,
id. Pers. 1, 1, 51:ab oculis alicujus,
Cic. Cat. 1, 7, 17:superis ab oris,
Verg. A. 2, 91:ex aedibus,
Ter. Hec. 4, 4, 57.—With abl. only:oculis,
Plaut. Ep. 5, 2, 16:caelo,
Verg. A. 10, 215:solio,
Sil. 3, 628.—With adv.:hinc,
Plaut. Ps. 1, 5, 158; Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 126; id. Heaut. 3, 3, 11.—Esp.1.Pregn. ( = cedo, II. A. 2.), to pass away, disappear, vanish, in Tac. (with and without vitā), to depart from life, die:2.tumor et irae Concessere deūm,
Verg. A. 8, 41:vitā,
to die, Tac. A. 1, 3; 3, 30; 6, 39; 12, 39; 14, 51; and absol.: quandoque concessero, id. ib. 4, 38; 13, 30;the same: concessit superis ab oris,
Verg. A. 2, 91; cf.:vitā per auras concessit ad Manes,
id. ib. 10, 820. —With dat. or absol., prop. qs. to go out of the way for one (on account of his wishes, or his superior power or excellence), i. e. to yield to, submit, give way to, adapt one's self to.a.To yield or submit to power or compulsion:b.ut magnitudini medicinae doloris magnitudo concederet,
Cic. Tusc. 4, 29, 63:certum est, concedere homini nato nemini,
Plaut. Cas. 2, 4, 15:neque nox quoquam concedit die (i. e. diei),
id. Am. 1, 1, 120 (cf. id. ib. 1, 3, 48): cedant arma togae, concedat laurea linguae, Cic. Poët. Off. 1, 22, 77 (cf. id. Pis. 30, 74, and Quint. 11, 1, 24):bellum ac tumultum paci atque otio concessurum,
id. Pis. 30, 73:voluptatem concessuram dignitati,
id. Fin. 3, 1, 1:injuriae,
Sall. J. 14, 24:obsidioni,
i. e. permit, Tac. A. 13, 40:operi meo concedite,
Ov. M. 8, 393; id. F. 1, 222:naturae,
i. e. to die, Sall. J. 14, 15; so,fato,
Plin. Pan. 11, 3:fatis magnis,
Val. Fl. 1, 554:apparebat aut hostibus aut civibus de victoriā concedendum esse,
Liv. 4, 6, 6; cf. so impers.:postquam concessum propemodum de victoriā credebant,
id. 3, 60, 4.—To give place to in excellence, dignity, rank, etc., to yield to, to give precedence:c.me amantissimum tui, nemini concedentem,
Cic. Fam. 10, 3, 2; so id. ib. 4, 3, 1;4, 3, 4: etsi de cupiditate nemini concedam,
id. Att. 12, 47, 2:sese unis Suebis concedere,
Caes. B. G. 4, 7:majestati ejus viri concedere,
Liv. 6, 6, 7:aetati,
Sall. J. 11, 4; id. H. Fragm. 1, 17; cf. so impers.:Sulla, cujus facundiae, non aetati a Manlio concessum,
id. J. 102, 4:vigenti Silio,
Tac. A. 3, 43:seniori Sentio,
id. ib. 2, 74:ut vix Apronio illi de familiaritate concedere videatur,
Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 44, § 108:Antario Varoque de gloriā,
Tac. H. 3, 64:nemini in illa causā studio et cupiditate concedere,
Cic. Deiot. 10, 28:nec amore in hanc patriam nobis concedunt,
Tac. A. 11, 24:nec, si muneribus certes, concedat Iollas,
Verg. E. 2, 57.—With acc. of quantity (cf. 3. infra):magistro tantulum de arte,
Cic. Rosc. Am. 40, 118:alicui quicquam in desperatione,
id. Att. 14, 18, 3. —To yield, submit to one's will, comply with one's wishes:d.ut tibi concedam, neque tuae libidini advorsabor,
Ter. Hec. 2, 2, 3:matri meae,
id. ib. 3, 5, 28:concessit senatus postulationi tuae,
Cic. Mur. 23, 47:jurisconsultis concedi,
id. Caecin. 24, 67.— Impers.:Caesar... concedendum non putabat,
Caes. B. G. 1, 7.—Like sunchôrein tini, to assent to, concede to:e.nunquamne hodie concedes mihi Neque intelleges, etc.,
Ter. Phorm. 5, 3, 22 (credes, consenties, Ruhnk.):stultum me fateor, liceat concedere veris,
Hor. S. 2, 3, 305 (cf. in Gr. sunchôrein têi alêtheiai).—To assent to, grant, pardon, allow, etc.:3.quos (judices) alienis peccatis concessuros putes, quo facilius ipsis peccare liceat,
Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 96, § 223:poëtae non ignoscit, nobis concedit,
id. de Or. 3, 51, 198:dicto concedi,
id. Rosc. Am. 1, 3:cui (vitio) si concedere nolis,
Hor. S. 1, 4, 140; cf. id. ib. 1, 3, 85.—Hence (cf. cedo, II. A. 3. fin.),Act., with acc. (and dat.) aliquid alicui.a.To grant, concede, allow; to consign something over to, to resign, yield, vouchsafe, confirm to, etc. (very freq. in all perr. and species of composition):(β).illum mihi aequius est quam me illi quae volo concedere,
Plaut. Cas. 2, 3, 47:si nunc de tuo jure concessisses paululum,
Ter. Ad. 2, 2, 9:partem octavam pretii,
Plin. Ep. 8, 2, 3:date hoc et concedite pudori meo, ut, etc.,
Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 12, § 32; cf. Ter. Hec. 2, 2, 16:alicui primas in dicendo partis,
Cic. Div. in Caecil. 15, 49:amicis quicquid velint,
id. Lael. 11, 38:neque quicquam illius audaciae,
id. Caecin. 35, 103:doctrinam alicui,
Quint. 11, 1, 89; cf.:artes tibi,
Cic. Quint. 30, 93:intellegentiam, prudentiam,
Quint. 12, 1, 3:principatum imperii maritimi Atheniensibus,
Nep. Timoth. 2, 2; cf. id. Dion, 6, 3; Suet. Aug. 66; id. Tib. 4; Prop. 2 (3), 15, 37; cf.:tempus quieti, aut luxuriae,
Sall. J. 61, 3:tempestivum pueris ludum,
Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 142:libertatem his,
Caes. B. G. 4, 15 fin.:vitam alicui,
Suet. Caes. 68; id. Aug. 13; 16: crimen gratiae, i. e. to accuse or inform against for the sake of favor, Cic. Rosc. Com. 6, 19:peccata alicui,
to pardon him, id. Verr. 2, 1, 49, § 128:delicta,
Suet. Ner. 29.— Pass.: Siciliam nimis celeri desperatione rerum concessam, [p. 397] had been ceded, given up, Liv. 21, 1, 5:Scaevolae concessa est facundiae virtus,
Quint. 12, 3, 9; 10, 1, 100 et saep.:acrius... Ulcisci, quam nunc concessum est legibus aequis,
Lucr. 5, 1148; cf. Nep. Them. 10 fin.; Suet. Tib. 18.— Poet., with in and acc.:concessit in iras Ipse... genitor Calydona Dianae,
gave over to be punished, Verg. A. 7, 305.—With dat. and inf.:(γ).nec nostrā dicere linguā Concedit nobis patrii sermonis egestas,
Lucr. 1, 831; so,ducere neptem,
Cat. 64, 29:esse poëtis,
Hor. A. P. 373; Suet. Aug. 44 et saep.— Impers. pass.:de re publicā nisi per concilium loqui non conceditur,
Caes. B. G. 6, 20 fin.:quo mihi fortunam, si non conceditur uti,
Hor. Ep. 1, 5, 12; Quint. 12, 1, 37; 12, 1, 42; 8, 6, 76; Suet. Ner. 12:servis quoque pueros hujus aetatis verberare concedimus,
Curt. 8, 8, 3:concedunt plangere matri,
Stat. Th. 6, 134:cum accusare etiam palam concessum sit,
Quint. 6, 3, 28; 2, 17, 27; 11, 3, 150: 8, 3, 30; 12, 3, 8 al.— Poet.:fatis numquam concessa moveri Camarina,
not allowed. forbidden to be removed, Verg. A. 3, 700; cf.also personally: haec ubi conceduntur esse facta, for conceditur haec esse facta,
Cic. Caecin. 15, 44.—With acc. and inf.:(δ).non omnia corpora vocem Mittere concedis,
you grant, Lucr. 2, 835:oculos falli,
id. 4, 380; Quint. 2, 5, 25:culpam inesse concedam,
Cic. Rosc. Am. 28, 76:poëtas legendos oratori futuro,
Quint. 1, 10, 29.— Pass. impers.:concedatur profecto verum esse, ut, etc.,
Cic. Lael. 14, 50. —With ut or ne:(ε).nec vero histrionibus oratoribusque concedendum est, ut iis haec apta sint, nobis dissoluta,
Cic. Off. 1, 35, 129:verum concedo tibi ut ea praetereas, quae, etc.,
id. Rosc. Am. 19, 54:concedant ut viri boni fuerint,
id. Lael. 5, 18; id. de Or. 1, 13, 57; Lucr. 2, 658:non concedo, ut sola sint,
Quint. 6, 2, 11 al.: cui concedi potest, ut? etc., Cic. Fragm. ap. Quint. 5, 13, 21:ut concedatur ne in conspectum veniat,
Hirt. B. G. 8, 48.—With a simple subj.:(ζ).concedo sit dives,
Cat. 114, 5; Ov. A. A. 1, 523. —Absol.:b.beatos esse deos sumpsisti: concedimus,
Cic. N. D. 1, 31, 89; id. Verr. 2, 2, 32, § 78; cf. Quint. 1, 1, 2:consules neque concedebant neque valde repugnabant,
Cic. Fam. 1, 2, 2; Caes. B. G. 1, 44.—= condono, to grant or yield something to one as a favor or from regard, to desist from, forbear, give up; forgive, pardon:II.inimicitias rei publicae,
to give up for the sake of the State, Cic. Prov. Cons. 18, 44:petitionem alicui,
from regard to, id. Phil. 2, 2, 4:peccata liberum parentum misericordiae,
id. Clu. 69, 195:cum Marcellum senatui reique publicae concessisti,
id. Marcell. 1, 3:ut concessisti illum (sc. Marcellum) senatui, sic da hunc (sc. Ligarium) populo,
as you have pardoned him in deference to the Senate, id. Lig. 12, 37; cf. Nep. Att. 7 fin.; Tac. A. 2, 55; 4, 31:Montanus patri concessus est,
id. ib. 16, 33 fin.Neutr., in respect to the terminus ad quem, to go, walk, betake one's self somewhere, to retire, withdraw to, etc.; with ad, in, or adv.:B.tantisper hic ego ad januam concessero,
Plaut. Aul. 4, 5, 6 Wagn.; cf.:ad Manes,
i. e. to die, Verg. A. 10, 820:ad victorem,
Tac. H. 2, 51:ad dexteram,
Ter. And. 4, 4, 12:caeli distributio docet unde fulmen venerit, quo concesserit,
Cic. Div. 2, 20, 45; so Lucr. 1, 380:huc,
Plaut. Capt. 2, 1, 19; id. Bacch. 4, 2, 28; id. Trin. 2, 4, 116; Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 122; Caecil. ap. Non. p. 270, 8:istuc,
Plaut. As. 3, 3, 56; Ter. Eun. 4, 4, 39:vis animae in altum,
Lucr. 4, 919:in delubrum,
Liv. 30, 20, 6:in hiberna,
id. 26, 20, 6; cf.:Carthaginem Novam in hiberna,
id. 21, 15, 3:Argos habitatum,
Nep. Them. 8, 1:Cythnum,
Tac. A. 3, 69:Neapolin,
id. ib. 14, 10:Patavium,
id. H. 3, 11:in insulam,
id. ib. 5, 19:in turbam,
Hor. S. 1, 4, 143:trans Rhenum,
Tac. H. 5, 23:concede huc a foribus,
Plaut. Men. 1, 2, 48:hinc intro,
id. Ps. 1, 5, 158; Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 126:hinc aliquo ab ore eorum,
id. Heaut. 3, 3, 11; cf.:aliquo ab eorum oculis,
Cic. Cat. 1, 7, 17:hinc rus,
Ter. Hec. 4, 4, 7.—Trop.: in aliquid, of entering into an alliance, yielding to, etc., to agree or consent to, to assent, to submit, yield, or resign one's self, to acquiesce in, to go or pass over to any thing (freq. in the histt.):mulier, conjuncta viro, concessit in unum Conubium,
Lucr. 5, 1010; cf.:in matrimonium,
Just. 24, 2, 10: victi omnes in gentem nomenque imperantium concessere, were merged in, passed over into, Sall. J. 18, 12; so,in paucorum potentium jus atque dicionem,
id. C. 20, 7; cf.:in dicionem,
Liv. 38, 16, 9:in dominationem,
Sall. H. Fragm. 3, 22 Gerl.:in deditionem,
Liv. 28, 7, 9; 39, 2, 4; 42, 53, 7:in Tyrias leges,
Sil. 15, 6:in condiciones,
Liv. 2, 33, 1:in sententiam,
id. 32, 23, 12; 32, 36, 8; Tac. A. 1, 79 fin.; cf.: in illos, assent to, yield to them, Cic. Fragm. ap. Aug. contr. Avid. 3, 7:in partes,
Tac. H. 2, 1. -
16 pretium
prĕtĭum, ii, n. [Sanscr. root par-, pana (for parna), wager, loan; Gr. pi-praskô, to sell; priamai, to buy; cf. pornos], that for or by which any thing is bought or sold (class.).I.Lit., money spent for any thing:B.nil pretio parsit, filio dum parceret,
Plaut. Capt. prol. 32:femina... urbem Exiguam pretio posuit,
for money has founded a small city, Verg. A. 4, 211:vectigalia parvo pretio redempta habere,
for little money, cheaply, Caes. B. G. 1, 18:pretio mercari ordinem senatorium,
to purchase, to gain with money, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 49, § 122:permutare pretio noluit, aliāve merce,
Plin. 9, 55, 81, § 171.—In gen., money, wealth, etc. ( poet.), Ov. P. 2, 8, 6:II. A.in pretio pretium nunc est,
id. F. 1, 217:converso in pretium deo,
i. e. into a shower of gold, Hor. C. 3, 16, 8.—In gen.: nec mi aurum posco nec mi pretium dederitis, Enn. ap. Cic. Off. 1, 12, 38 (Ann. v. 200 Vahl.):B.pretium statuere merci,
to set, fix, Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 133:pretium certum constituere,
Cic. Att. 12, 33, 1:enumerare,
id. Rosc. Am. 46, 133:pacisci pro re aliquā,
to agree upon, settle, id. Off. 3, 29, 107:exsolvere,
Plaut. Men. 5, 6, 26:quibus hic pretiis porci veneunt?
at what prices are they sold here? id. ib. 2, 2, 15:vendere aliquid pretio suo,
id. Pers. 4, 4, 30; id. Ps. 1, 2, 36:parare sibi pretio aliquid,
id. Merc. 2, 3, 7:multi extulerunt eorum pretia,
Varr. R. R. 3, 6, 6:jacent pretia praediorum,
are low, down, fallen, Cic. Rosc. Com. 12, 33.—Esp.1.In phrases: magni, parvi pretii esse, to be high or low in price, of much or little worth, of great or of small value:2.nullus est tam parvi pretii, quin,
Plaut. Aul. 4, 10, 60:ne tu habes servum graphicum, et quantivis pretii!
id. Ep. 3, 3, 29:agrum majoris pretii nemo habet,
Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 12:noli spectare, quanti homo sit: parvi enim pretii est, qui jam nihil est,
Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 2, 4:de illis potissimum jactura fit, quia pretii minimi sunt,
Sall. Or. ad Caes. 2, 9: pretium habere, to have a value, to be worth something:vendat oleum, si pretium habeat,
Cato, R. R. 2, 7:annona porro pretium nisi in calamitate fructuum non habet,
Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 98, § 227; but also: pretium habere, to have a price, be for sale:quis ignorat quin id longe sit liberalibus disciplinis dignissimum, non vendere operam: cum pleraque hoc ipso possint videri vilia, quod pretium habent,
Quint. 12, 7, 8; hence: pretium non habere, to have no price, be above price (late Lat.):nihil esse pretiosius, immo eum pretium non habere testatur,
Aug. Serm. 36, 8: in pretio esse, to be of worth, value, or estimation, to be in repute:tum coquus in pretio esse (coeptus),
Liv. 39, 6, 9:nec in pretio fertilis hortus erat,
Ov. F. 5, 316; Plin. 33, 1, 6, § 22: in pretio habere, to regard as of value:in magno pretio habere,
Sen. Ep. 75, 11:aurum et argentum in pretio habent,
Tac. G. 5;for which cf.: pudebat libertatis majus esse apud feminas quam apud viros pretium,
Curt. 8, 2, 28: pretium facere, to fix or set a price or value; of a seller: indica, fac pretium. Do. Tua merx est;tua indicatio est,
Plaut. Pers. 4, 4, 37;of a purchaser: quis faceret pretium, nisi qui sua perdere vellet Omnia?
Mart. 1, 86, 7; Dig. 10, 3, 19.—Wages, reward (mostly poet.):III.pro pretio facio ut opera appareat,
Plaut. Ps. 3, 2, 59:operam Epidici nunc me emere pretio pretioso velim,
id. Ep. 1, 2, 17:reddere alicui pro benefactis,
id. Capt. 5, 1, 20:palmae pretium victoribus,
Verg. A. 5, 111.—Trop., worth, value:B. 1.quales ex hac die experiundo cognovit, perinde operae eorum pretium faceret,
would estimate their services, Liv. 27, 17:sive aliquod morum Est pretium,
Ov. Tr. 1, 9, 43: corticis etiam ad medicamenta pretium est, Plin, 12, 25, 54, § 118; 12, 19, 43, § 95.—In a good sense: majores seorsum atque diversum pretium paravere bonis atque strenuis, decurionatus... aliosque honores, Cato ap. Fest. s. v. optionatus, p. 201 Müll.; so,2.= praemium (opp. poena), ita et pretium recte facti triumphum haberet L. Paulus pro egregie bello gesto,
Liv. 45, 37, 5:ut pretium honoremque debito beneficio addat,
id. 45, 14, 1:cum pro cujusque merito consul pretia poenasque exsolvisset,
id. 26, 40, 15 Weissenb. ad loc.:satis ampla pretia,
prizes, id. 21, 43, 6:virtutum pretium,
Sen. Clem. 1, 1, 1.— Plur.: tam longā valetudine conflictabatur, ut haec tanta pretia vivendi mortis rationibus vincerentur, rewards of living, i. e. motives for living, Plin. Ep. 1, 12, 4.—Esp. in phrase pretium curae, and more freq. pretium operae, a reward for trouble:mihi visum est pretium curae, ipsum, senatus consultum quaerere,
seemed to me worth the trouble, worth while, Plin. Ep. 8, 6, 2:est pretium curae cognoscere, etc.,
Juv. 6, 474: facturusne operae pretium sim, etc.,... nec satis scio, what will pay for the trouble, Liv. praef.:operae pretium habent libertatem, civitatemque,
id. 25, 6; 21, 43: audire est operae pretium, etc., Enn. ap. Acron. ad Hor. S. 1, 2, 37 (Ann. v. 454 Vahl.); so Liv. 3, 26, 7: reddere opis pretium pro factis, Enn. ap. Sen. Ep. 108 (Epigr. v. 6 Vahl.):quo in genere est operae pretium diligentiam majorum recordari,
it is worth while, Cic. Agr. 2, 27, 73:captā urbe, operae pretium fore,
Sall. J. 81, 2;so without operae (post-Aug.): Germanico pretium fuit convertere agmen,
thought it of importance, Tac. A. 1, 57:ni pretium foret Pisonis sententias noscere,
were it not worth while, were it not of importance, id. ib. 2, 35:posse eum, si operae pretium faciat, principem popularium esse,
if he does any thing worth while, any thing of importance, Liv. 25, 30: duos servos ad hostes transfugisse et operae pretium fecisse, have done valuable service, Quadrig. ap. Sen. Ben. 3, 23:scriptor minime utilis, cujus libro adtingere nullum pretium operae sit,
Gell. 12, 2, 1; so,operis pretium est,
Sil. 16, 45.—In a bad sense (i. q. poena), reward, punishment, like the Gr. timê, misthos ( poet.): si malos imitabor, tum pretium pro noxā dabis, Liv. And. ap. Non. 365, 27:verbera, compedes, molae... haec pretia sunt ignaviae,
Plaut. Men. 5, 6, 10:ego pretium ob stultitiam fero,
Ter. And. 3, 5, 4:et peccare nefas, aut pretium est mori,
Hor. C. 3, 24, 24:ille crucem pretium sceleris tulit, hic diadema,
Juv. 13, 105.—Of bribery:adduci pretio ad hominem condemnandum,
Cic. Caecil. 10, 29:pretio judicem corrumpere,
id. ib. 25, 72:nec prece, nec pretio a rectā viā deduci,
Auct. Her. 3, 3, 4. -
17 cautus
a, um [ caveo ]1)а) осторожный, осмотрительный, берегущий себя (c. in periculis C; c. adversus aliquem VM и aliquid L; c. erga bona sua QC)c. assumere dignos H — тщательно выбирающий тех, кто достойнееc. rei divinae Macr — точно соблюдающий религиозные обрядыб) недоверчивый, подозрительный ( senectus T)2) хитрый, лукавый ( vulpes H)3) обеспеченный, безопасный, надёжный, верныйnummi cauti H — деньги, помещённые в верное делоc. ab incursu belli Lcn — ограждённый от опасностей войныin eam partem potius peccare quae est cautior C — предпочитать ошибаться в ту сторону, которая безопаснее (представляет меньше риска) -
18 res
rēs, reī (редко Lcr rēi, у него же иногда rei односложно) f.1) вещь, предмет2)а) pl. мир, вселенная, природа (rerum contemplatio CC, Q)rerum natura Lcr, C — сущность мира, природа (вселенной)б) при superl. rerum во всём свете, изо всех на свете (animal maximum rerum PM)quibus (или his) rebus Cs etc. — вследствие чего (этого)de eā re C etc. — об этом, по данному вопросуres efficientes (=causae) C — действующие причиныres effectae C — действия (причин), следствия4) состояние, положение, дела, обстоятельства (si res poscat, cogat или exĭgat Cs, H, Just)pro (или e) re natā C, Ter или pro re C, Cs, L etc. (тж. pro tempore et pro re Cs и ex re et ex tempore C) — в зависимости от обстоятельствsumma rerum Nep — вся совокупность обстоятельств, общее положение, но тж. Cs общая сумма, итогres adversae (afflictae, misĕrae) Pl, C, Cs, Sl — бедственное положение, несчастьеomnibus (in) rebus (totā re) C, Cs etc. — во всех отношениях5) факт, действительное положение, действительность (non re, sed opinione C)re verā C — в действительности или поистине6) сущность, суть (ad rem pertinēre C; de re magis, quam de verbis, laborare C)quid ad rem? C etc. — что тут существенного? (т. е. не всё ли равно?)sed hoc minus ad rem (sc. pertĭnet) C — но это не так важно7) содержание8) причина, основаниеquā (hac, eā) re или ob eam (hanc) rem Pl, C etc. — по этой причине, поэтому9) деловые отношения, дело (rem gerere C, H etc.; rem cum aliquo transigere C)r. navalis или nautĭca C — мореплаваниеr. frumentaria C, Cs — продовольственное снабжениеr. rustica Vr, Col, C — сельское хозяйствоr. pecuaria Q — скотоводствоres divīnae C etc. — религия, религиозные обряды10) судебное дело, процесс ( rem judicare C)11) (тж. pl.) государство (r. Romana L, H; r. publica или respublica C etc.; rem restituere Enn ap. C; res Graecae Nep) или политическая деятельность ( in mediā re publica versari C)12) выгода, польза, интересыaliquid in rem suam convertere C — использовать что-л. в своих интересахprofecto rem habes nullam, haec negotia multarum nundinarum fore C — ты, конечно, не заинтересован в том, чтобы это дело затянулось надолгоab re esse Pl, L, Su — быть невыгодным13) имущество, состояние, достояние, добро (homo sine re C; r. amicos invĕnit Pl)r. familiaris Sl, Q, Nep etc. или res privatae C — частная собственностьrem facere Ter, H — наживать состояние14) власть, господствоsumma rerum L, Nep, res maximae Nep и summae res Nep — верховная власть (ср. 16.)15) действие, деяние, делоres gestae Cs etc. — дела, подвиги16) война (cum aliquo L etc.); сражение, битва ( gladio commĭnus rem gerere Cs)summa rerum L — генеральное сражение (ср. 14.)17) случай, событие, явление, факт (r. inopinata C); pl. история (res populi Romani perscribere L, тж. res Romanas scribere C) -
19 facio
facio, fēcī, factum, ere (verwandt mit dem Stamme θε in τίθημι, ε-θη-κα), machen in der weitesten Bedeutung; dah. I) tr. u. zwar: A) zunächst von jeder äußerlichen Tätigkeit, die sich in Hervorbringung eines handgreiflichen, in die Sinne fallenden Produktes kundgibt, 1) machen = verfertigen, bauen, lectulos faciundos dare, Ter.: alci anulum, Cic.: classem, bauen, Caes.: castra, aufschlagen, Caes.: murum saxo quadrato, Liv.: pontem in Istro flumine, schlagen über, Nep.: semitam per fundum, anlegen, Plaut.: litteram, schreiben, Cic. – armis faciendis praeesse, eine Waffenfabrik leiten, Cic. – phalerae pulcherrime factae (gearbeitet), Cic. – dah. a) von der Tätigkeit des Schreibenden, niederschreiben, schriftlich aufsetzen, litteras ad alqm, an jmd. schreiben, Cic.: sermonem inter nos habitum in Cumano, Cic. – b) v. körperlicher Tätigkeit übh., wie unser machen, tun, geben, iactum, einen Wurf tun, Auct. b. Alex.: gradum, Cic.: sibi viam, bahnen, Liv.: alci transitum, jmd. durchlassen, Liv.: alci savium, geben, Plaut.: alci ventulum, zufächeln, Ter.: vela, s. 1. vēlum(Segel): significationem, ein Zeichen (Signal) geben, Caes.: impetum in hostes, machen, Liv.
2) zeugen, erzeugen, hervorbringen, volucres ova ac pullos faciunt, legen Eier u. brüten Junge aus, Varro: asinus od. apis facit subolem, Col. u. Plin.: rapa facit cymam, treibt hervor, Col.: stercus, Mist machen, Col.: stercus facit multam herbam, erzeugt, gibt, Col.: corpus facere, s. corpus(no. I, B, 1): calorem, Wärme erzeugen, Plin.: maculas, Flecken machen (verursachen), Plin.: ignem ex lignis viridibus, Feuer machen (anmachen) aus usw., Cic. – homo ad ista expedienda factus, wie gemacht, -geschaffen (= von Natur geschickt), Cic.: ex industria factus ad imitationem stultitiae, geflissentlich den Schein der Narrheit suchend, Liv. 1, 56, 8: factus naturā et consuetudine exercitus m. Infin., Tac. ann. 14, 56. – dah. a) von der schaffenden Tätigkeit des Redners u. Dichters, machen = schaffen, bilden (s. Voß Verg. ecl. 3, 86), orationem, versus, poëma, Cic.: in versu faciendo saepe caput scabere, Hor.: orationis faciendae et ornandae auctores locupletissimi, Cic. – u. b) als gramm. t. t. von Wörtern = die u. die (Kasus- od. Tempus- od. abgeleitete) Form bilden, cur aper apri, pater patris faciat? (im Genetiv) apri bildet od. hat, Quint.: cum Alba faciat Albanos et Albenses, volo volui et volavi, Quint. (vgl. Quint. 1, 6, 13 sqq.): eadem (littera) fecit ex duello bellum, Quint.: genetivus Oedipi faciet, wird haben, Donat.: si numerum pluralem facere cogetur, Gramm. Vatic.
3) erzielen, erwerben, gewinnen, sich machen, ex arvo aeque magno, sed male consito et minus multum et minus bonum vinum et frumentum f., Varro (vgl. ποιειν τι εκ της γης): praedam, machen, Caes.: praedas ab alqo, Nep.: rem, sich Vermögen erwerben, Hor.: lucrum, manubias sibi ex etc., Cic.: divitias ex alqa re, Plaut.: magnas pecunias ex metallis, Nep.: liberis plurimum, erwerben, Ter.: stipendia, Sold verdienen = Kriegsdienste tun, Sall. u. Liv.
4) = conficere, a) aufbringen, auf die Beine bringen, auftreiben, tributum, Cic.: manum, Cic.: exercitum, Vell.: exercitum argento, Sall. in Sen. ep.: auxilia mercede, Tac. – b) eine Strecke im Raume durchmachen = zurücklegen, cursu quingenta stadia, Iustin. 11, 8, 2. – u. dav. übtr. c) eine Zeit durchmachen = zubringen, verleben, paucissimos unā dies, Sen.: annum in fuga, ICt.
5) (als arithm. t. t.) = efficere, machen, ausmachen, Lais μυρίας δραχμὰς poposcit, hoc facit nummi nostratis denariûm decem milia, Gell. 1, 8, 5: actus quadratus undique finitur pedibus CXX; hoc duplicatum facit iugerum, Col. 5, 1, 5: quae utraeque summae in se multiplicatae quadratorum faciunt pedum viginti octo milia et octingentos (pedes), ibid. § 6.
B) von derjenigen Tätigkeit, die sich im Hervorbringen von Handlungen und Zuständen kundgibt, also: 1) machen, tun = verrichten, ausüben, vornehmen, begehen, leisten, ausführen, zustande ( zuwege) bringen, verwirklichen (Ggstz. velle od. facere velle, beabsichtigen), α) m. allg. Objj.: ego plus quam feci facere non possum, Cic.: neque hoc in uno fecit Annaeo (tat er an usw.), sed in omnibus senatoribus, Cic.: omnia amici causā f., Cic.: id quod neque facere neque velle per sese honestum est, Gell. – β) m. Acc. subst.: opus, Feldarbeit verrichten, Ter.: iter, s. iter(Reise, Marsch): facinus, Cic.: u. so fortia facinora fecimus, M. Caes. in Fronto epist. ad M. Caes. 5. p. 68, 7 N.: caedem, furtum, fraudem, Cic.: exempla in alqm, Exempel an jmd. statuieren, Plaut.: gratulationem, abstatten, Quint.: largitionem, vornehmen, Cic.: alci medicinam, jmd. heilen, Cic.: nullus melius medicinam facit, kein Arzt versteht sich besser darauf, Plaut.: brevi dignum exitum facturos, würden sich bald ihr verdientes Ende bereiten, Suet.: initium, finem, moram, periculum u. dgl., s. fīnis, initium usw. – comitia, abhalten, Liv.: indutias, pacem, Waffenstillstand-, Frieden machen, -schließen, Cic. u.a.: seditionem, Cic.: bellum, Kr. anstiften, anfangen, Cic.; alci, jmd. in Krieg verwickeln, jmd. bekriegen (wie πόλεμον ποιειν τινι), Nep. u.a.: neque fecisse Rhodienses bellum neque facere voluisse, Gell.: proelium, ein Treffen anfangen, sich in einen Kampf einlassen, Cic., Sall. u.a.: fugam, die Fl. ergreifen, Sall. u. Liv.; aber fugam (mit u. ohne hostium u. dgl.) facere, eine Fl. bewirken, in die Fl. schlagen, Sall. u. Liv. (s. Weißenb. Liv. 21, 5, 16): deditionem, sich ergeben, Sall.: nomina, s. nōmen. – imperata, ausführen, Caes.: promissum, erfüllen, Cic. – quas res neque solverunt neque fecerunt (leisteten), Liv. – γ) m. Advv.: multa impure atque taetre, Cic.: vel facere quod non optime possis, vel facere quod non pessime facias, humanitatis est, Cic.: ut nihil intemperanter, nihil effeminate faciam, optabo, Sen. – δ) m. quid in Fragesätzen: αα) quid facis? was beginnst du? Ov. fast. 2, 386 u. ö. – ββ) quid faciam? was soll ich tun od. anfangen? quid facerem? was sollte ich tun? was zu tun? (von solchen, die ratlos sind u. mit Ratlosigkeit sich entschuldigen), s. Ruhnk. Ov. her. 8, 50; 10, 59: quid faciam infelix? Ov.: quid facerem? Verg.: sed tu quid faceres? Ov. – ε) fac. de alqo od. de alqa re, bl. alqo od. alqā re, alci od. alci rei, cum alqa re, mit jmd. od. etw. tun, machen, anfangen, gew. in Fragesätzen (s. Bünem. Lact. 2, 3, 3), quid de puero era tua fecit? Plaut.: quid de eo facies? Lact.: quid de his faciunt facturive sunt? Lact.: quid de praeda faciendum censerent? Liv.: quidnam facerent de rebus suis? was sie in ihrer Lage tun sollten? Nep. Them. 2, 6. – nescit quid faciat auro, Plaut.: quid illis faciat ceteris (Dat.), Plaut.: quid hoc homine od. huic homini facias? was will man od. willst du mit dem M. anfangen? Cic.: quid faceret Chrysippus huic conclusioni? was könnte Chr. gegen diesen Schluß einwenden? quid hic cum tragicis versibus et syrmā facis? Valer. com.: quid hic homo tantum incipissit facere cum tantis minis? Plaut. – ζ) prägn., m. quid od. m. allgem. Acc., tun = begehen, verbrechen, sündigen, quid feci? nihil feci, Plin. ep.: quid feci? quid commerui aut peccavi pater? Ter.: quid fecit? Ter.: faciunt hi plura, Iuven.
2) insbes.: a) eine Feierlichkeit veranstalten, cenas, Cic.: ludos, Cic.: sacra od. sacrificium od. res divinas, ein Opfer vollziehen, opfern ( ἱερὰ ῥέζειν), Cic. (vgl. Fabri Liv. 22, 10, 3 sqq.; u. absol. s. unten no. III, 4). – b) etw. als gewöhnl. Geschäft betreiben, treiben, ausüben, praeconium (Geschäft eines Ausrufers), argentariam, Cic.: medicinam, als Arzt praktizieren, Phaedr. Vgl. Gräve Cic. Verr. 5, 18, 46 und die Auslgg. zu Phaedr. 1, 14, 2.
3) bewirken = bereiten, verschaffen, nomen, cognomen alci rei, geben, Liv.: alci auspicium, jmd. zu etw. auffordern, veranlassen, Hor.: dci negotium, s. negōtium: silentium, verschaffen, Liv.: orationi audientiam, Gehör verschaffen, Cic.: alci famam prompti ingenii, Quint.: favorem, Liv.
4) jmdm. etw. geben, gewähren, potestatem (Erlaubnis), Cic.: commercium sermonis, Liv.: alci gratiam alcis rei (Verzeihung, Nachsicht), Cic.
5) einen Körper- od. Gemütszustand an od. in jmd. erregen, rege machen, erwecken, einflößen, alci fletum, jmd. zum Weinen bringen, Col.: alci dolorem, Cic. ad Att. 11, 8, 2: alci desiderium alcis rei, Liv.: alci fidem, bei jmd. Glauben erwecken = jmd. (von etw.) überzeügen, Cic.: hosti audaciam, Liv.: divitiae animos (Mut) faciunt, Liv.: spiritus (hohen Mut), Liv.: spem, Cic. u. Liv.: curam, Tac.: taedium, stomachum, Cic.: iram, Quint.: metum, Cels. u. Tac.: metum insidiarum, Liv.: timorem, Liv.: suspicionem, Cic.
6) machen, bewirken, es fertig bringen, dahin arbeiten, daß usw., lassen, a) m. ut u. Konj., faciuntne intellegendo ut nihil intellegant, Ter.: facis, ut rursus plebes in Aventinum sevocanda esse videatur, Cic.: splendor vester facit, ut peccare sine summo rei publicae periculo non possitis, Cic.: alterum facio, ut caveam, alterum, ut non credam, facere non possum, Cic.: ut nihil ad te dem litterarum facere non possum (ich kann es nicht über mich gewinnen), Cic. – dah. facere ut nicht selten gebraucht, um den Begriff der Tätigkeit nachdrücklicher hervorzuheben, facite, ut mores eius et vultum recordemini, macht, daß ihr euch erinnert = erinnert euch, Cic. – u. facio ut etc. m. einem Adi. od. Adv. = ich verstehe mich dazu, zu usw., invitus feci, ut Flamininum e senatu eicerem, Cic.: itaque feci non invitus, ut prodessem multis rogatu tuo, habe mich ganz gern dazu verstanden, Cic.: facio libenter, ut per litteras tecum colloquar, Cic. – b) m. bl. Konj.: immo illi mitem faxo faciant fustibus, Afran. fr.: ego faxim ted Amphitruonem malis esse quam Iovem, Plaut.: haud sibi cum Danais rem faxo et pube Pelasgā esse ferant, Verg.: fallat eam faxo, Ov.: faxo sciatis, Petron.: et ita ultima sit, faciam, Veneris concordia vestrae, Ov.: di facerent, sine patre forem! Ov.: der Imperat. fac (facito) mit folg. Konjunktiv als Umschreibung eines affirmativen Imperativs, unser mache od. tue dafür, daß usw., od. laß mit folg. Infinitiv, certum hominem ad eum mittas face, Nep.: fac sciam, tue mir zu wissen, laß mich wissen, Cic.: surculos facito sint longi binos pedes, mache, daß sie sind, od. laß sie sein, Cato. – c) fac. m. folg. ne od. quo u. Konj., non fac. m. folg. quin od. quo minus u. Konj., luctus facit ne dubitem, Acc. fr.: quod ne permittat in hostem, ipsa facit gravitas, Ov.: mors faciet ne sim, cum venerit, exsul, Ov.: nach dem Imperat. (vgl. no. b), tu fac ne ventis verba profundam, Lucr.: fac ne quid aliud cures hoc tempore nisi ut quam commodissime convalescas, Cic.: per se quisque sedulo faciebant, quo illam mihi lenirent miseriam, Ter. – non enim faciam, quin scias, ich werde es nicht fertig bringen (nicht über mich gewinnen), dich in Unwissenheit zu lassen, Plaut.: numquam quisquam faciet, quin soror ista sit germana huius, nimmer wird es jemand fertig bringen (beweisen), daß sie nicht usw., Plaut. (vgl. Brix u. Lorenz Plaut. mil. 283 u. 473): facere non possum (ich kann nicht umhin), quin cotidie ad te mittam (litteras), Cic.: facere non potui, quin tibi voluntatem declararem meam, Cic.: neu quis facito, quo minus ei oetantur (= utantur) fruantur habeant, Corp. inscr. Lat. 1, 200. no. XI (p. 79). – d) m. Acc. u. Infin. (s. Ruhnken Ov. her. 17, 174), vel carnuficinam hunc facere possum perpeti, Plaut.: qui nati coram me cernere letum fecisti, Verg.: noc me telum flere facit, Ov.: illum forma timere facit, Ov.: desiderium facit macrescere volucres, Varro: u. nach dem Imperat. (vgl. no. b), mel Atticum ter intervere facito, Col.: noch dem Fut., succum mori agrestis paulum facies defervere, Pallad.: quae res scissuris eos faciet aperiri, Pallad. – e) faxo m. folg. Indic. Fut. (s. Klotz u. Spengel Ter. Andr. 854), temperi ego faxo scies, Plaut.: iam faxo hic aderit, Ter.: immo vero indignum iam facinus faxo ex me audies, Ter. – f) m. Infin., facias videre Romam, Corp. inscr. Lat. 8, 2632: m. Infin. pass., remitti fecit, Amm. 27, 7, 3.
7) machen, darstellen, lassen, m. folg. Acc. u. Infin., v. Künstlern, fecerat et viridi fetam Mavortis in antro procubuisse lupam, Verg.: stare deum pelagi longoque ferire tridente aspera saxa facit, Ov.: v. Schriftstellern, qui nuper fecit servo currenti in via decesse populum, Ter.: quem tamen Homerus apud inferos conveniri facit ab Ulisse, Cic.: quem in suis libris fecit (Cicero) de re publica disputare, Augustin. de civ. dei 2, 21, 4 in.: quos loqui facit in ea disputatione, Augustin. de civ. dei 2, 21, 4.
8) zum Ausdrucke der bloß gedachten od. angenommenen Wirkung, mit folg. Acc. u. Infin., a) lassen = den Fall setzen, annehmen, voraussetzen, esse deos faciamus, Cic.: fac, quaeso, qui ego sum, esse te, Cic. – b) sich stellen, als ob usw., se facit esse venustum, Catull. 97, 9: facio me alias res agere, ich tue (stelle mich), als ob ich usw., Cic. ep. 15, 18, 1.
9) (= efficere) bewirken, beweisen, haec enim ratio facit lunam non habere lumen proprium, Macr. somn. Scip. 1, 19, 9.
10) mit dopp. Acc., a) mit einem Subst. als Acc. ber Wirkung, jmd. od. etw. zu etw. machen, α) übh.: alqm consulem, jmd. zum K. machen (sowohl v. Volke als v. einem einzelnen, der bewirkt, es durchsetzt, daß jmd. K. wird, s. Ellendt Cic. de or. 2, 66, 268), Cic.: alqm regem Epiri, Iustin.: alqm reum, in den Anklagestand versetzen, Cic.: alqm heredem, zum E. machen = einsetzen, Cic.: alqm testem, zum Z. nehmen, Ter. u. Liv.: Siciliam provinciam, zur Provinz machen, Vell.: captivum de rege facturi videbantur, Iustin.: im Passiv m. dopp. Nom., de accusatore Scipionis venerator factus est, Val. Max.: u. ohne Prädikat, si ille factus esset (sc. consul), dazu (zum Konsul) gemacht worden wäre, Cic. Muren. 50; vgl. Cic. Planc. 9 u. 14. – β) vorgeblich zu etwas machen, für etwas ausgeben, me unum ex iis feci, qui etc., ich gab mich aus für einen usw., ich tat, als wäre ich einer usw., Cic.: facio te apud illum deum, Ter.: ut puellae unum me facerem beatiorum, um mich als einer von den Wohlhabenden aufzuspielen, Catull. 10, 17: et se facit venustum, spielt sich als schöner Mann (als Adonis) auf, Catull. 97, 7.: verbis se locupletem f., sich reich machen, Cic. – b) mit einem Adi. od. Partic, im Acc. zur Angabe der Wirkung, des Zustandes, der an jmd. hervorgebracht wird, animum dubium, zweifelhaft machen, Cic.: alqm sanum, disertum, Cic.: alqm peritum alcis rei, geschickt machen in usw., Nep.: alqm certum, certiorem, s. certusno. II, B, 3, b. S. 1097 (vgl. Lorenz Plaut. Pseud. 16): u. certum od. certius facere alci, s. certusno. II, B, 3, a, α S. 1096 (vgl. Brix Plaut. Men. 764. Lorenz Pseud. 16): alqm scientem, Plaut. asin. 48. Ter. heaut. 873: alqd planum, deutlich machen, Quint. – selten mit einem Adv., wie alqd palam, offenbar machen, Nep. – Partiz. factus m. dopp. Voc., o tu lectule deliciis facte beate meis! Prop. 2, 15, 2. – c) mit einem Partic, od. Adi. im Acc. zur Bezeichnung der Tatigkeit, in der jmd. od. etw. dargestellt wird, Xenophon facit Socratem disputantem etc., stellt dar, führt ein als behauptend usw., Cic. (vgl. oben no. 7): alqm od. alqd missum, s. mittono. II, A u. B: alqd reliquum, s. reliquus: u. so ademptum tibi iam faxo (= adimam) omnem metum, Ter.: faxo tali eum mactatum (mactabo) atque hic est infortunio, Ter.
11) etwas zum Eigentum jmds. machen, jmd. in Besitz von etwas setzen, mit Genet. des Besitzers, tota Asia populi Romani facta est, fiel dem röm. Volke anheim, Cic.: Graeci optionem Carthaginiensium faciunt, legen die Wahl in die Hände der K., Sall.: facere alqd potestatis od. dicionis suae, in seine Gewalt od. Botmäßigkeit bringen, Liv. (vgl. Fabri Liv. 21, 53, 6): ebenso alqm sui iuris, jmd. sich untertan machen, Vell.: omnia arbitrii sui, seiner Willkür untertan machen, Liv.: alqd sui muneris od. beneficii sui, etw. als sein Geschenk, seine Wohltat betrachten lassen, Tac. u. Iustin. (vgl. Benecke u. Fittb. Iustin. 13, 4, 9): alqm proprii iuris, selbständig-, unabhängig machen, Iustin. (vgl. Benecke u. Fittb. Iustin. 9, 1, 3). – Aber auch mit dem Pron. possess., alqam terram suam, ein Land sich unterwerfen, Caes.: alqm suum, sich jmd. zum Freunde machen, Ter.: neque gloriam meam, laborem illorom faciam, ich werde nicht mir den Ruhm nehmen, ihnen die Mühe lassen, Sall.
12) einen gewissen Wert auf etwas legen (vgl. unser »sich wenig aus etwas machen« u. dgl.) = so u. so achten, schätzen, si aliter nos faciant, quam aequum est, Plaut. – u. bes. mit Genet. des Wertes, parvi, minimi, pluris, maximi, nihili, Plaut., Cic. u.a.: nec pluris nunc facere Camillum hoc bellum, kümmere sich ebensowenig um usw., Cic. – Hierher gehören wohl auch die Formeln: aequi bonique f. alqd, mit etwas zufrieden sein u. dgl. (s. aequusno. II, 2, b a. E), Cic.: lucri, gewinnen, Nep.
13) die Wirkung der Tatigkeit als eine reflexive gedacht = etwas leiden, erleiden, (vgl. unser »er hat sich Schaden getan«), parietes vitium faciunt, werden schadhaft, Plin.: naufragium f., Schiffbruch leiden, Cic. u.a.: damnum, detrimentum, Schaden leiden, Cic. u.a. (nicht hierher, sondern oben zu no. B, 1 gehört iacturam f., s. iactūra).
14) wie das deutsche tun u. das griechische ποιειν, so steht auch facere im zweiten Redegliede, wenn das Verbum des ersten Gliedes im zweiten bleibt u. man die Wiederholung desselben Wortes vermeiden will, wo also facere den allgemeinen Begriff eines Verbums bezeichnet (wenn auch im Verbum kein »Tun« liegt) u. seine nähere Bestimmung aus dem vorhergehenden Satzgliede empfängt, wie: an Scythes Anacharsis potuit pro nihilo ducere pecuniam: nostrates philosophi facere non potuerunt? konnten es nicht tun (= konnten das Geld nicht verachten), Cic.: cum collega consentiente (sicut milites faciunt, wie die S. tun) hostibus obviam ire, Cic.: me, ut adhuc fecistis, audiatis, Cic.: incumbite in causam, ut facitis, Cic. Vgl. Heusinger Cic. de off. 1, 1. Kühner Cic. Tusc. 4, 31. Wopkens Lectt. Tull. 1, 3. p. 17 H. Orelli Hor. sat. 1, 1, 63 sq. Ruhnken Ov. her. 11, 31.
II) (spätlat.) v. refl. (se) facere alqo, wohin ma chen = sich begeben, intra limen sese facit, Apul. met. 5, 2: homo meus coepit ad stelas facere, Petron. 62, 4: ad illum ex Libya Hammon facit, Tert. de pall. 3. Vgl. Oudend. Apul. met. 5, 2. p. 321. Salmasius Tert. de pall. 3. p. 206 (ed. Lugd. Bat. 1656).
III) intr.: 1) = εργάζεσθαι, arbeiten, Feldarbeit verrichten, Ter. heaut. 60 (73 opus facere).
2) handeln, handelnd auftreten, deus, qui primitus operatur ac facit, Chalcid. Tim.: qui, cum cogitasset, facere auderet, Nep.: facto non consulto in tali periculo opus esse, Sall.: opus est facto, Komik.: quoniam, ut aiunt, dei facientes adiuvant, Varro: ratio faciendi, Quint. – m. Advv. – irgendwie handeln, nequiter, schlechte Streiche spielen, Plaut.: bene et benigne, Plaut.: illiberaliter, Ter.: arroganter, Caes.: sedulo, Ter.: humaniter, bene, praeclare, amice, Cic.: iucunde, Plin. ep.: recte, Ter. u. Cic.: seu recte seu perperam, Cic.: fortius, quam locutus est, fecit, Curt. – alci bene, gegen jmd. gut handeln, jmdm. dienen, nützen, Ter.; Ggstz. male alci, jmdm. schaden, Plaut.: alci aegre, jmdm. wehtun, ihn kränken, Ter.: ex voluntate alcis, Liv.: e re publica, Liv.: adversus rem publicam, Caes.: contra rem publicam, Sall.: adversus senatus consultum, Liv.: animo bono, Nep.: animo optimo, Cic.: more tuo, Plaut.: iure, Acc. fr. u. Quint.: lege, Quint.: malā fide, Nep.
3) facere cum od. ab alqo, mit jmd. od. auf jmds. Seite tätig sein, mit jmd. es halten, zusammenhalten, auf jmds. Seite od. Partei sein, jmd. unterstützen, begünstigen, cum alqo, Cic., Nep. u.a.; ab alqo, Cic. u.a. (so auch illinc od. unā facere, auf seiner Seite stehen, es mit ihm halten, Cic. ad Att. 7, 3, 5 W.; Sull. 36); Ggstz. facere adversus alqm, es wider jmd. halten, die Gegenpartei begünstigen, Nep. Eum. 8, 2 (dazu Bremi): eae res contra nos ambae faciunt in hoc tempore, Cic. Quinct. 1.
4) eine Opferhandlung vornehmen, mit Dat. der Gottheit, der man opfert (wie ῥέζειν τινί), m. Acc. der Sache, die man opfert, od. mit Abl. des Opfers, mit dem man opfert, qui faciet quando volet, quāque lege volet, facito, Plebisc. vet. bei Liv. 22, 10, 3. – fac. dis, Plaut.: Iunoni Sospitae, Cic.: Marti et Robigini, Tert. – grandia liba Pali, Ov.: bidentes Herculi propter viam, Laber. fr.: Iovi Victori pocillum mulsi, Liv.: pro populo faciens quantum Saufeia bibebat, Iuven. – fac. agnis, Plaut.: catulo, Col.: fac. Iovi bidenti verre, Pompon. com. fr.: agnā Iovi, Varro LL.: vitulā pro frugibus, Verg.
5) euphem., vollenden = sterben, faciendum (faciundum) fuit od. faciundum hoc fuit, Anthol. epigr. II. no. 63–66 (Rhein. Mus. 27, 131 f.).
6) obszön: a) suae rei causā facere, zu Stuhle gehen, kacken, Petron. 47, 4 u. 66, 2. – b) v. Beischlaf, Catull. 110, 2 u. 5. Pers. 4, 48. Iuven. 7, 239. Petron. 9, 9; 45, 8; 87, 9.
7) zu od. für etw. passen, geschickt sein, m. ad u. Akk. od. m. bl. Dat., v. leb. Wesen, alii ad aprum, alii ad cervum canes faciunt, einige sind Saufänger (Saurüden), andere Schweißhunde, Sen. exc. contr. 3. praef. § 9: Aurelianus ad nostra iam non facit tempora, Vopisc. Aurel. 8, 3: v. Lebl., Medeae faciunt ad scelus omne manus, Ov.: ad talem formam non facit iste locus, Ov.: haec aetas optime facit ad haec studia, Sen.: quod belle facit ad versum, Sen.: quorumdam contumelia non facit ad aulam, Sen.: m. Dat., non faciet capiti dura corona meo, Prop. 3, 1, 20.
8) zu, für, gegen od. bei etw. tun, wirken, nützen, helfen, dienlich, förderlich, nützlich sein, absol., od. m. ad, in, adversus u. Akk., od. m. bl. Dat., a) übh.: nec caelum nec aquae faciunt nec terra nec aurae, weder das Klima bekommt mir, noch usw., Ov.: multum viva vox facit, Sen.: fecit aliquid et materia, Sen.: quid stemmata faciunt? Iuven.: quid faciunt leges, ubi etc.? Petron.: dicite, pontifices, in sancto (Tempel) quid facit aurum? Pers.: mire facit (es tut eine außerordentliche Wirkung) in peroratione confessio, Quint. – illa ad publicos usus facientia, Pacat. pan.: quorum (oppidorum) mentio tantum ad ordinem facit, Mela: faciunt in hunc usum arundinum quoque folia, Col. – incolumi Rhodos et Mitylene pulchra facit, Hor. – m. Infin. (als Subj.), plurimum facit diligenter nosse causas, Quint. 6, 4, 8: adversus omnia tela, adversus omnium hostium genus facit mortem contemnere, Sen. ep. 36, 8. – b) als mediz. t. t., id bene faciet, Cato: quod idem remedium optime facit exemptā stirpe, Col. – hic sucus facit (ist gut, schlägt an) ad difficultatem urinae, Plin.: quicquid ad salivam facit, Petron.: nihil aeque facere ad urinae morsum, Suet.: medicamentum quod proprie adversus solutionem stomachi facit, Scribon. – radix coeliacis praeclare facit in cinere tosta, leistet den Unterleibskranken vortreffliche Dienste, Plin.: feniculi suci cyathus unus potui datus mirifice pulmoni facit, Plin. Val.
/ Alter Imperat. face, zB. Enn. ann. 20*. Plaut. asin. 605 u. ö. Ter. Andr. 680 u. ö. Cato r. r. 7 u. 32, 1 ö. Catull. 36, 16. Nep. Paus. 2, 4. Ov. her. 2, 98 u. ö. (als veraltet angef. bei Quint. 1, 6, 21; vgl. Mart. Cap. 3, § 320). – Arch. Fut. faciem, Cato bei Quint. 1, 7, 23 (die besten Hdschrn. facie, wofür Bergk Beitr. 1, 153 faciee schreiben will). – Arch. Perf. fecei, Corp. inscr. Lat. 1, 551. – Arch. Konj. Perf. faxim (= fecerim), Enn. fr. scen. 308. Plaut. Amph. 511; aul. 420. Ter. adelph. 887. 896. – Archaist. Fut. exakt. faxo (= fecero), Afran. com. 67. Plaut. Amph. 355. Ter. Andr. 854. Verg. Aen. 9, 158. Ov. met. 3, 271. Petron. 95, 3. Sil. 17, 235: faxis, Naev. com. 47. Pacuv. tr. 123. Plaut. capt. 124. Ter. Andr. 753. Hor. sat. 2, 3, 38: faxsit, XII tabb. 8, 4 (bei Gell. 20, 1, 12). Pacuv. tr. 424. Acc. tr. 556; od. faxit, Lex Num. Pomp. bei Paul. ex Fest. 6, 2. Plaut. capt. 622. Ter. heaut. 198: faximus, Plaut. truc. 61: faxitis, Formul. vet. bei Liv. 23, 11, 2 u. 29, 27, 3: faxint, in der Formel di faxint, Plaut. Amph. 632; vidul. fr. 2, 31 St. Ter. heaut. 161. Cic. Verr. 3, 81 u. ep. 14, 3, 3. – Passiv facitur, Nigid. comm. gr. bei Non. 507, 15: faciatur, Titin. com. 97. Petron. 71, 10: faxitur (= factum erit), Formul. vet. bei Liv. 22, 10, 6. – Das Passiv von facio vertritt fio, w. s.
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20 veto
veto (altlat. voto), vetuī (votuī), vetitum (votitum), āre (wohl zu griech. ουκ ετός, nicht ohne Grund, ετώσιος [Ϝ bei Homer], vergeblich, ohne Erfolg), nicht geschehen lassen, nicht lassen, nicht wollen, widerraten, verbieten, nicht erlauben, verhindern (Ggstz. iubere), u. zwar teils im allg., teils als publiz. t.t. (v. Einspruch des Tribunen u. Prätors u.v. Verbot des Gesetzes, der Obrigkeit usw.) u. als t.t. der Augurspr. (v. den Weissagevögeln, Auspizien u. den Haruspizes), a) m. folg. Objektsatz: α) mit Acc. u. Infin.: rationes vetabant me rei publicae penitus diffidere, Cic.: plus vicena quina (ova) incubanda vetant, Plin.: id faciendum vetat M. Antonius, Quint.: quamquam ridentem dicere verum quid vetat? Hor.: quid vetat et nosmet Lucili scripta legentes quaerere, num etc., Hor.: von Befehlshabern, quod ab opere singulisque legionibus singulos legatos Caesar discedere nisi munitis castris vetuerat, Caes.: v. den Tribunen, in vincula (hominem) conici vetant, Liv.: v. Prätor, qui dies totos aut vim fieri vetat, aut restitui factam iubet, Cic.: v. Gesetz, lex peregrinum vetat in murum ascendere, Cic.: Velia lex eum, qui provocasset, virgis caedi securique necari vetuit, Liv. – im Passiv mit Nom. u. Infin., senatores vetiti, nisi permissu ingredi Aegyptum, Tac.: quidnam id esset, quod respicere vetitus esset, agitabat animo, Liv.: exercitus celsarum arborum obsistente concaede ire protinus vetabatur (wurde verhindert), Amm. – β) m. bl. Infin.: tabulae peccare vetantes, Hor.: unde proferre pedem pudor vetet, Hor.: occīdere pater iubebat, mater vetabat, Sen. rhet.: plerique vetare amplius mentionem pacis facere, Liv.: desperatis etiam Hippocrates vetat adhibere medicinam, Cic.: v. Gesetzen, lex recte facere iubet, vetat delinquere, Cic.: v. Haruspex, haruspex vetuit ante brumam aliquid novi negoti incipere, Ter.: v. den Vögeln, tum volucres vetant agere, tum iubent, Cic. – impers., ait esse vetitum accedere, Ter.: sanguinem arae offundere vetitum est, Tac. – b) mit folg. ut od. ne od. (bei vorhergeh. Negation) m. folg. quo minus od. quin u. Konj., od. m. folg. bl. Coniunctiv: sive iubebat, ut facerem quid, sive vetabat, Hor.: edicto vetuit, ne quis se praeter Apellem pingeret, Hor.: sapientia nullā re quo minus se exerceat vetari potest, Sen.: non veto quo minus securi percutiatur, Sen. rhet.: nemo hinc prohibet nec vetat, quin quod palam est venale, si argentum est, emas, Plaut.: quin rem inimicissimam corpori faceret vetari nullo modo poterat, Sen. rhet.: vetabo, qui sacrum vulgarit, sub isdem sit trabibus, Hor. – c) m. bl. Acc., und zwar: α) m. Acc. rei: leges iubere aut vetare (v. Volke), Cic. de or. 1, 60: bella, Verg.: maiora, Ov.: quid iubeatve vetetve, Ov. – Passiv, fossam praeduxit, quā incerta Oceani vetarentur, Tac.: factum vetitum, Plin.: vetitae terrae, Ov. – v. Gesetzen, ludere vetitā legibus aleā, Hor. – β) m. Acc. pers.: cum Graecos versiculos facerem, vetuit me tali voce Quirinus, Hor.: v. Gesetz, lex est recta ratio, quae neque probos frustra iubet aut vetat neque etc., Cic. – m. Abl. rei, senatum militiā, vom Kriegsdienste ausschließen, Aur. Vict. de Caes. 33, 34. – Passiv, acta agimus; quod vetamur vetere proverbio, Cic.: propter eandem causam facere debebimus, propter quam vetamur, Quint. – d) absol.: res ipsa vetat, Ov. – u. so bes. als t.t. (s. oben) v. Tribunen, ne vetare aut intercedere fas cuiquam tribunorum esset, Suet.: u. so bl. VETO, Liv. 6, 35, 9. – u.v. Gesetz, lex iubet aut vetat, Cic. u. Quint. – u.v. Auspizium, si vetat auspicium, Ov. – Passiv, cur Dialibus id vetitum, Tac. ann. 3, 58. – / Vulg. Perf. vetavit, Pers. 5, 90. Serv. Verg. Aen. 2, 201. Past. Herm. 3, 9, 6 Pal., vetastis, Itala Luc. 11, 52 Cant., vetassent, Epit. Iliad. 250, vetatus est, Itala act. apost. 17, 15, vetati sunt, Vulg. act. apost. 16, 6: vetati sulci, Chalcid. Tim. 153. – Verlängerte Form vetuo (viell. die urspr. v. vetus abgel., wie antiquo v. antiquus, s. Keller N. Jahrb. 107 [1873]. S. 602), Petron. 47, 5 u. 53, 8 Buech. – vulg. Form beto, Corp. inscr. Lat. 6, 27977 u. 10, 2224. – Über die altlat. Form voto, votui, votitus s. Brix Plaut. trin. 457; vgl. Non. 45, 5.
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penser — Penser, Arbitrari. Je pense que cela est vray, Arbitror hoc esse verum: Cogitare. Je pense à vostre affaire, De tuo negotio cogito: Censere, Opinari. Qu en pensez vous de luy? Quid de illo censes? Versare, aut secum in animo versare, In corde… … Thresor de la langue françoyse
Mann — 1. A blind man may perchance hit the mark. – Tauben und Hühner Zeitung (Berlin 1862), Nr. 6, S. 46. 2. A Mann a Wort oder a Hundsfott. (Ulm.) 3. A Mann wie a Maus ün a Weib wie a Haus is noch nit gleich. (Jüd. deutsch. Warschau.) Will sagen, dass … Deutsches Sprichwörter-Lexikon
NUMEN Augusti — et Maiestas Augusti, semper iunctim posita leguntur, in antiquis Inscr. N. M. Q. E. D. Numini Maiestatique eius devotus, vide supra in voce Maiestas. Hinc debitam devotionem qui non praestarent Principibus, in tantam divinitatem maiestatem que… … Hofmann J. Lexicon universale
Esel — 1. Als dem Esel zu wohl war, fiel er und brach ein Bein. 2. Als der Esel auss Hunger seinem Treiber Stro auss den Schuhen gezupfft vnnd gefressen, machtens Wolff vnnd Fuchs zur Todtsünd vnnd frassen den Esel. – Lehmann, 741, 43. 3. Alte Esel will … Deutsches Sprichwörter-Lexikon
